Effects of Flour Particle Size on the Textural Properties of Flour Tortillas

Three wheat flours, hard red winter (HRW), hard white winter (HWW) and soft red winter (SRW), were fractionated by sieving into four different particle size fractions, <38, 38–53, 53–75, and >75 μm. The medium fractions, 38–53 and 53–75 μm, of the HRW and HWW wheat had higher protein contents than the finest and coarsest fractions. The finest fractions had the highest levels of damaged starch. Tortillas made from the medium fractions of HRW and HWW, especially the 53–75 μm fraction, had longer rupture distance and better foldability. The finest fraction yielded tortillas with shorter rupture distance and worse foldability. Fractionation by flour particle size slightly affected protein composition of the flour. Size exclusion-high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) analyses showed that the compositions of SRW wheat proteins were significantly different from those of HRW and HWW wheat proteins. SRW had more low molecular weight (LMW) and less high molecular weight (HMW) protein than HRW and HWW had. The <38 μm fractions of HRW and HWW had more LMW proteins than other fractions. The amount of LMW proteins of flours correlated negatively with the rupture distance and foldability of tortillas. Particle size of the flours was the major factor affecting the tortilla texture.     

在大肠杆菌中高效表达人粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子可溶性融合蛋白的研究

通过人粒－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子与疏氧还蛋白融合的形式，利用ＰＴｘＦｕｓ表达载体，高效地表达了其可溶性融合蛋白，该融合蛋白具有较高的热稳定性。     

Low-protein supplement increases protein retention and reduces the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus wasted by rainbow trout fed on low-fat herring

The growth, food utilization and amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus lost into the water by rainbow trout (initial size 485 g) fed on low-fat Baltic herring and supplemented with a low-protein dry diet fed separately were studied in an 18-week net cage trial. Similarly to balancing protein and nonprotein energy in full diets, giving nonprotein energy in different feeds several hours apart improved the protein retention of low-fat herring to a level comparable to a commercially available dry diet control. The amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus lost into the water were also reduced to the same extent. The losses from the plain herring-feeding were twice as high. The improved protein retention and reduced nutrient losses were accompanied by 15–25% reductions in growth of the fish compared with the control dry diet. The growth of the fish fed on plain herring was 14% lower than the growth on the dry diet control.     

肾复康对高蛋白饲料诱发鸡尿酸盐沉着症的预防效果

给28～49日龄期间的罗曼蛋用公雏连续饲喂高蛋白饲料(蛋白质含量为40 %)。同时按1.0‰和0.5‰给鸡连续饮水投服肾复康 ,并测定检查了健康对照鸡、人工发病未用药鸡和肾复康预防鸡的血清尿酸含量、生长增重。人工发病未用药鸡于饲喂高蛋白饲料7d后陆续出现发病 ,临床症状和解剖病变较为典型 ,到试验结束死亡16.7 %(5/30) ,肾复康预防鸡与人工发病未用药鸡相比血清尿酸含量显著降低(P<0.05) ,生长增重极显著增多(P<0.01)。由此说明 ,肾复康对高蛋白饲料诱发的鸡尿酸盐沉着症具有显著的预防作用 ,而且能明显促进鸡的生长增重     

小麦Waxy蛋白亚基缺失类型鉴定方法的研究

建立适于我省面条专用小麦育种研究上应用的Waxy蛋白亚基缺失类型的鉴定技术;以改良十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术(1-D-SDS-PAGE)为基础,分析凝胶性质、试验试剂、试验条件对电泳结果的影响,获得高效低成本、分辨效果佳、重复性好的鉴定方法。     

白唇鹿血清生化指标测定

测定了３５头青海白唇鹿的１９项血清生化指标。结果为Ｎａ＾２＋１３８．１±５．８４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｋ＾＋５．７５±０．７３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃａ＾２＋２．４２±０．２０／Ｌ，Ｐ２．３３±．３８ｍｍｏｌ／，Ｃｌ＾－，１０２．２±６．０３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，总蛋白８７．５０±６．１７ｇ／Ｌ白蛋白５９．１８±６．９６ｇ／Ｌ球蛋白２８．３４±５．２６ｇ／Ｌ，Ａ／Ｇ，２．１９±０．５９，血清蛋白质组分（％）Ａ６７．５７±     

甜菜碱对猪不同阶段脂肪和蛋白质代谢的影响

对断奶仔猪、生长猪和肥育猪分别饲喂添加甜菜碱800、1000、1750mg/kg的饲粮，分别进行为期36、62、40d的饲养试验，并进行屠宰取样和分析测定。结果表明甜菜碱使断奶仔猪、生长猪、肥育猪的日增重分别提高8.71%(P<0.05)、13.20%(P<0.01)、13.32%(P<0.01);胴体脂肪率分别降低12.97%(P<0.01)、19.62%(P<0.01)、12.49%(P<0.01)；瘦肉率分别提高4.08%(P<0.05)、7.15%(P<0.05)、3.31%(P<0.05);肝脏中游离肉碱含量分别增加8.98%(P<0.05)、21.36%(P<0.05)、30.18%(P<0.01);血清中生长激素(GH)水平分别增高46.15%(P<0.01)、102.11%(P<0.01)、58.33%(P<0.05)；胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)水平分别增高38.74%(P<0.05)、44.74%(P<0.01)、47.95%(P<0.01)。生长猪和肥育猪皮下脂肪组织中苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的活性分别上升13.60%(P<0.05)和14.59%(P<0.01)，断奶仔猪有提高趋势，但差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

湟中马血清酯酶多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对青海省湟中县９１匹马血清酯酶的多态性进行了研究。结果发现：①湟中马的血清酯酶受ＥＳ＾Ｆ，ＥＳ＾Ｉ，ＥＳ＾Ｓ和ＥＳ＾Ｏ４个等位基因的控制，其基因频率分别为０．４４５０，０．５３３０，０．０１１０和０．０１１０；②在被检湟中马的ＥＳ位点上共发现ＥＳ Ｆ，ＥＳ ＦＩ，ＥＳ Ｉ，ＥＳ ＩＳ和ＥＳ Ｏ五种表型，以ＥＳ ＦＩ为优势表型（４７．２５％）；③ＥＳ等位基因频率无性别差异；④     

猪圆环病毒II型结构蛋白的二级结构及其B细胞抗原表位预测

本研究以猪圆环病毒(porcine circovirus,PCV)II型的基因组序列为材料,采用Garnier-Robson方法、Chou-Farplus方法和Karplus-Schulz方法预测了其结构蛋白的二级结构,用Kyte-Doolittle方法对结构蛋白的亲水性进行了分析,用Emini方法预测了结构蛋白的表面可能性,以Jameson-Wolf方法预测了蛋白的抗原指数。然后综合评价了PCV-2型结构蛋白的B细胞抗原表位。结果表明,PCV-2结构蛋白形成α螺旋结构的能力较差,但是该蛋白含有较多的β折叠和转角结构,因而该蛋白具有丰富的二级结构。分析结果还表明结构蛋白具有多处抗原指数较高的区段,其中羧基端含有潜在的B细胞优势抗原表位,因此其在免疫学中的地位也应当引起重视。本研究将为猪圆环病毒的反向疫苗学的研究提供一定的理论依据。     

安徽省部分地区牛血清硼含量检测与分析

选择临泉县、庐江县、蚌埠市、黄山市为采样地点,采集不同年龄、不同品种、不同性别牛血清,用姜黄素法测定安徽省部分地区牛血清硼含量.结果显示:临泉县、庐江县、蚌埠市、黄山市牛血清硼含量依次降低,且临泉县与庐江县、蚌埠市、黄山市牛平均血清硼含量相比差异极显著(p＜0.01),而庐江县、蚌埠市、黄山市牛平均血清硼含量相比差异不显著(p＞0.05);不同品种牛相比,黄牛、水牛、奶牛的血清硼含量依次降低,且黄牛血清硼含量与奶牛、水牛相比差异极显著(p＜0.01),水牛与奶牛相比差异不显著(p＞0.05);雄性水牛血清硼含量比雌性水牛血清硼含量高,但差异不显著(p＞0.05).