Growth and Metabolic Changes of Cowpea Plants as Affected by Water Deficiency and Indole-3-Yl-Acetic Acid

Cowpea plants ( Vigna sinensis Savi.) were grown in pots for two successive years. These plants were daily maintained water holding capacities (15, 25, 45, 65 %).
The foliage of plants grown at every level of soil moisture was sprayed till dripping with IAA solutions (0, 10, 50, 100 mg/l) three times after 3, 6 and 9 weeks from sowing. Samples were taken at the two physiological stages before flowering and during flowering for growth measurements and determinations of nitrogen fractions.
Water shortage led to retardation of stem length, number of internodes, number of leaves and dry weight shoots. IAA increasing the same parameters only when applied at concentrations of 10 and 50mg/1 at moisture level 65 %, 45 % and 25 % of W.H.C.
Water stress decreased total-N and protein-N contents of cowpea shoots. On the other hand total soluble- N content was increased under the same conditions. IAA increased total-N and protein-N content of cowpea shoots. Meanwhile, the same growth regulator decreased total soluble-N when applied at 45% 25 % and 15 % W.H.C. levels.     

二丁酰环腺苷酸(dbcAMP)对猪生长及糖代谢的调控

通过皮下注射和饲料添加不同剂量二丁酰环腺苷酸（dbcAMP)进行饲养试验，研究其对猪生长和糖代谢调控的效果。结果表明：皮下注射1.0mg/kg和饲料添加20mg/kg为最佳调控剂量，在生长猪阶段，日增重分别提高13．61％和15．41％（P＜0．05）；料重比分别降低18．81％和19．10％（P＜0．01）；在肥育猪阶段日增重和料重比差异不显著（P＞0．05）。肥育猪肝糖原含量分别降低27．32％和27．18％（P＜0．05）；肌糖原含量分别降低28．79％和31．79％（P＜0．05）。血糖含量在生长猪和肥育猪阶段都明显提高（P＜0．05）。证明dbcAMP对猪的生长性能和糖代谢有明显调控作用。     

黑龙江省天然次生林经营技术探讨

天然次生林是我省森林资源的重要组成部分,现状是林分密度低、质量差、树种单纯,天然更新不好。现行的以抚育间伐为主要方法的经营措施,不仅不能改变目前天然次生林现状,而且将不同程度地破坏现有天然次生林。本文根据栽针保阔的经营思想和天然次生林现状,划分为四种(抚育型、封护型、补植型、人促型)经营类型,并分别制定经营措施,为天然次生林探索一条科学合理,现实可行的途径。     

牛磺酸对饲喂高脂、高胆固醇饲料大鼠脂肪代谢影响的研究

以Wistar大白鼠为研究对象,饲喂高脂、高胆固醇血症饲料,以研究牛磺酸对脂肪代谢的影响。结果表明,本试验所配制的饲料可以成功地诱导大鼠产生高胆固醇血症及动脉硬化,大鼠日粮中添加1％牛磺酸可显著降低血清中的甘油二脂(TG)及肝脂肪含量;添加3％或5％牛磺酸,血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著升高,血清总胆固醇(T-CHO)、动脉硬化指数(AI)显著下降,且5％牛磺酸添加效果显著优于3％。     

日粮纤维素和环境温度对实验大白鼠的影响——Ⅲ 实验大白鼠的能量代谢

环境温度和日粮纤维素水平都可影响大白鼠的产热量及产热量占代谢能(HE/MEI)的比例,其在高纤维素日粮组较低纤维素日粮组高,环境温度为16℃和32℃时较24℃时高。环境温度和高纤维日粮还可增加大白鼠的绝食代谢产热量和生长价。维持代谢能(MEm)并不受日根纤维素的影响,但随环境温度的降低而增加。低纤维日粮和适中的环境温度可使沉积能中脂肪的比例增加。     

功能性饲料添加剂复方制剂对肉鸡生产性能和脂肪代谢的影响

本试验观察了一种功能性饲料添加剂复方制剂对肉鸡生产性能和脂肪代谢的影响。试验结果表明,在基础日粮中添加该复方制剂500mg·Kg-1可使49日龄肉鸡体重提高5.83%,料重比降低8.48%,成活率提高7.03个百分点;并同时降低肉鸡血清总胆固醇含量、血清甘油三酯含量、腹脂率和肝脏粗脂肪含量,而对胸肌粗脂肪含量无明显影响。     

Variations of adenyl nucleotide content in two potato cultivars stored at 15°C. I. Method for the determination of ATP level and first results

Summary A method for determining ATP content based on sulfuric acid extraction and luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay was developed for potato tubers. The inactivation of apyrase by a thermal treatment as well as the ATP stability in acidic potato extracts stored at-25°C have been particularly considered. The proposed method is simple, reliable, sensitive and can be used for automatic purposes. This method has been applied to the study of the variation of ATP levels in stored potato tubers (cvs Ukama and Granola). The large changes occurring over a 9 month period are discussed in correlation with dormancy, sprouting and tuberization.     

木薯蚕五龄至化蛹蚕蛋白质代谢的研究

本文报道木薯蚕南一品种,从五龄起蚕至化蛹第一天血液蛋白质含量的动态变化。五龄起蚕血液蛋白质含量为30.4mg/ml,摄食木薯叶一天后,反而略有下降,为29.2mg/ml,第三天后回升,第五天开始急剧直线上升,吐丝时达最高量96.4mg/ml,为起蚕时含量的三倍多,预蛹期逐渐下降,化蛹第一天下降幅度最大。电子显微镜观察五龄第四天脂肪体细胞,细胞质内只见脂肪球,未见蛋白质颗粒。证明五龄期脂肪体合成蛋白质后释放到血液中,化蛹期血液蛋白质又转输入脂肪体,脂肪体由合成蛋白质部位转变为蛋白质贮藏部位,符合昆虫变态与蛋白质代谢的规律。     

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of fenbendazole in channel catfish

Fenbendazole (FBZ) was administered intravenously (1 mg/kg) and orally (5 mg/kg) to catheterized, confined channel catfish. Blood samples were collected for 72 h, and resulting FBZ plasma concentrations were pharmacokinetically modelled. Following intravenous administration t1/2 was 0.51 h, t1/2 was 16.8 h, body clearance (C1b) was 0.0598 L/kg/h, and Vd (area) was 1.45 L/kg. After oral administration the t1/2 (abs) was 1.47 h, the t1/2 was 20.1 h, and the tlag was 0.1 h.Following oral administration of 5 mg FBZ/kg body weight, the following tissues and body fluids were sampled for concentrations of FBZ, oxfendazole (FBZ-SO), sulphone metabolite (FBZ-SO₂) and hydroxy metabolite (FBZ-OH): liver, posterior kidney, fat, muscle, bowel contents and urine. Fenbendazole was detected in the highest concentrations in abdominal fat, whereas oxfendazole was found primarily in the kidney, liver and abdominal fat. The sulphone metabolite was detected only in urine and bowel contents, while the hydroxy metabolite was found most often in the liver and abdominal fat samples.     

Anti-atherosclerosis effect of astragaloside is related to miR-33a/ABCA1 signaling

AIM:To study whether astragaloside affects the expression of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) by regulating miR-33a and promotes the outflow of cholesterol in macrophages. METHODS:In the in vivo experiments, HE staining was used to detect the pathological damage of the cross section of aorta in the mice. The expression of ABCA1 at mRNA and protein levels in mouse aorta was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. In the in vitro experiments, THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells were established and then treated with astragaloside-containing serum. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-33a. The cells were randomly divided into blank serum group, astragaloside serum group and astragaloside serum+miR-33a mimic group. The expression of ABCA1 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. Oil red O staining and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to detect intracellular lipid content. The method of[³H] incorporation was used to detect intracellular cholesterol outflow. RESULTS:In vivo experiments showed that the blood vessels of the mice in astragaloside group were structurally normal, with neat arrangement, localized small calcified particles, mild lesions, small plaques, reduced foam cells and li-pid, and basically complete elastic plates, indicating that the pathological changes were significantly lighter than those in model group. Compared with model group, the expression of miR-33a in the aorta of the mice in astragaloside group was decreased and the relative expression of ABCA1 at mRNA and protein levels was increased (P<0.05). In vitro experiments showed that astragaloside significantly up-regulated the expression of ABCA1 at mRNA and protein levels, but this effect was inhibited by the transfection of miR-33 mimic without affecting the cell viability. Astragaloside reduced the lipid accumulation in the cells, but this effect was attenuated by miR-33 mimic. Astragaloside reduced intracellular cholesterol accumulation in relation to its promotion of intracellular cholesterol efflux, and the transfection of miR-33a mimic in the cells inhibited cholesterol efflux. CONCLUSION:Astragaloside inhibits the production of miR-33a to increase the expression of ABCA1 and promote the outflow of cholesterol in macrophages. This may be one of the molecular mechanisms of astragaloside in preventing atherosclerosis.