阿克苏地区不同核农问作系统节肢动物时序动态研究

对新疆阿克苏地区核桃与农作物间作系统节肢动物进行系统调查,摸清主要害虫的发生规律,为南疆地区核桃主要害虫的控制及果园规范化生产提供理论依据。运用群落生态学方法分析核农闭作系统节肢动物的时序动态,结果表明,四种类型核桃园中,全年多样性指数与均匀性指数结果期核桃＋棉花间作园最大,幼树龄核桃＋棉花间作园次之;而优势集中性指数则是结果期核桃＋棉花澡作园最低。在核桃与农作物间作时,核桃园建议选择闻作棉花。     

不同治理措施对秦巴山区渣场土壤养分与植被恢复的影响

通过对不同治理措施下渣场土壤养分状况的差异性进行分析,系统地探讨不同治理措施对渣场土壤养分含量和植被恢复的影响。结果表明:渣场形成初期土壤养分含量比较贫乏,但随着恢复年限的增加会有一定程度的增加趋势,不同恢复年限之间渣场土壤全氮、铵态氮、速效钾和有机质含量差异极显著(P<0.01),硝态氮含量差异显著(P<0.05),速效磷含量差异不显著;不同覆土厚度的渣场除了速效磷含量差异显著以外,其他土壤养分含量差异极显著,说明覆土厚度对渣场土壤养分含量和植被恢复有一定的作用;渣场形成初期,若进行人工恢复植被,会使渣场土壤养分在短期内小于自然恢复植被的渣场,但是随着恢复年限的增加,以及人工植被改良土壤的作用,从而使进行人工恢复植被的渣场土壤养分含量大于自然恢复植被的渣场。     

贮木场系统的动态定性分析

将贮木场作为木材产品流通过程的中心环节，运用微分方程对木材流通的贮木场系统进行了动态定性分析，进而运用最优控制原理研究木材生产计划，对森工企业实行以一产，提高森林开发利用的经济效益具有一定的指导意义。     

多目标模糊决策理论在混凝土坝砂石骨料场方案优选中的应用

针对砂石骨料场方案优选中所涉及的因素多而繁琐的问题,进行系统的分析,充分考虑定性和定量指标,从数量、质量、技术、环保、效益指标出发,提出了料场方案选址的多目标模糊优选模型.算例表明,提出的模型是切实可行的,具有一定的推广应用价值.     

Characterizing the provision and inequality of primary school greenspaces in China’s major cities based on multi-sensor remote sensing

Environmental and green justice problems occur globally, especially in cities with unequal access to urban greenspaces. Recently, inequality in school greenspaces has drawn growing attention, given the importance of campus green environments in young students’ health and academic performance. However, the commonly used Normalized Differences Vegetation Index (NDVI) method for measuring greenspace from satellite imagery is hindered by the saturation issue and tend to underestimate greenspace at high vegetation cover areas, causing large uncertainties in greenspace inequality studies at a national scale. Besides, despite the progress on the inequality of public greenspace exposure, our understandings of primary school greenspace provision and inequality, as well as the driving factors, for young students in a developing world (e.g., China) is still limited. To address these issues, we first adapted a spectral unmixing technique based on multi-sensor remote sensing for more accurate measurements of greenspace provision. Then, we evaluated the provision and inequality of greenspace for 19,681 primary schools in China’s 31 major cities and examined the driving factors using an integrated path analysis. Our findings revealed that: (1) Our proposed multi-sensor remote sensing-based method for greenspace measurement is reliable across our study area with a R² of 0.81 and RMSE of 0.14; in contrast, the traditional NDVI-based greenspace measurement saturated at the range of 0.7–1.0, leading to much lower accuracy (a R² of 0.72 and RMSE of 0.24). (2) Most of the cities under study had low to moderate levels of inequality in primary school greenspace (Gini index < 0.5), but the overall greenspace provision was relatively low; Five cities under study facing high inequality in greenspace exposure (Gini index ≥ 0.5) as well as low greenspace provision (mean fraction cover < 0.25). (3) The monthly maximum temperature and the mean cover of greenspace in primary schools were identified as variables directly affecting the inequality in primary school greenspace (R² = 0.76, p-value < 0.05), whereas the city-level government revenue manifests its effects through the mean cover of greenspace in primary schools and city-level mean greenspace cover. By developing a novel framework for examining the provision and inequality of greenspace in all primary schools in China’s major cities, our study provides valuable insights for designing and evaluating school greening programs in support of healthier learning environment development for next generations.     

探讨性与天道——《郭店儒简》的作者归属 及其思想辨析

《郭店楚墓竹简》出土并整理发表以后，为学术界补写或改写先秦思想史提供了极为珍贵的思想资料。但学界对其中的儒家竹简（简称《郭店儒简》）分歧尤大。《郭店儒简》应定编为十一篇，可认定为子思学派之作，应命名为《郭店楚墓竹简·子思子》。其思想主旨是阐述了先秦儒家关于性与天道、王道与德治的思想主张，上承孔子的“德治”主义，下启孟子的“性善”论与“仁政”说，在中国思想史上起了从孔子过渡到孟子的桥梁作用。     

学术与政治纠结中的朱熹祧庙之议

朱熹议祧庙主要针对的就是以楼鑰、陈傅良为代表的永嘉功利之学.朱熹认为赵汝愚不应该因避王安石之学而一概否定其具体的礼学主张,认为其祧迁僖祖满足了个人的私欲而忽视了能够带来长久和平安定的正确的礼制秩序.朱熹议祧庙集中体现了礼学理学化的思想倾向,与后来编撰<仪礼经传通解>有着直接的联系.