影响蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的因素研究

试验研究了蔬菜在不同储存时间与储存温度、不同食用前处理和不同加工方法等条件下亚硝酸盐含量的变化,结果表明,蔬菜中亚硝酸盐的含量随储存时间的延长会逐渐升高,达到最大值后有所下降.不同蔬菜中亚硝酸盐的含量随温度的变化而不同.漂烫处理可以降低蔬菜中亚硝酸盐的含量,浸泡处理会使亚硝酸盐含量升高.蔬菜经炒熟或煮熟后亚硝酸盐含量均会降低,并且煮熟的蔬菜亚硝酸盐含量低于炒熟的蔬菜.     

吉林省林木种质资源普查标准地设置与调查

标准地调查是吉林省林木种质资源普查的一项重要工作,是准确获取基础信息、掌握林木种质资源现状的主要手段。根据普查操作规程介绍了标准地设置要求和调查要点。     

烤烟外引品种NC 71烟叶样品质量研究

本研究以NC 71与对照品种K 326和NC 89在南北烟区9个省(市)的10个种植试点的烟叶样品为试材,在外观质量、常规化学成分、常规烟气成分、感官质量、主要致香成分五个方面进行了分析比较,结果表明NC 71在外观质量上与南北烟区对照品种K 326和NC 89相当,部分NC 71样品身份或油分稍好于对比品种;未检测出碱糖、碱氮、钾氯比值都较协调或是都不协调的样品,部分NC 71样品钾氯或碱糖和钾氯比值较协调。南方烟区湖南永州的NC 71样品碱糖和碱氮比值不协调;NC 71在焦油、一氧化碳和烟碱含量上总体高于照比品种;南北烟区种植试点的NC 71样品综合感官质量表现较好;北方烟区三种植试点NC 71致香物质总量优于NC 89,南方种植试点NC 71与K 326在致香物质含量上各有优势。     

浅谈农科专业计算机课程教学方法

本文从研讨计算机课程教学方法的必要性出发,探讨了如何改进教学方法的问题,并举例分析了让绝大多数学生在有限的时间内迅速掌握课程的基本概念、基本技能和应用的具体教学措施。     

Effect of microwave pre-treatment on physical quality,bioactive compounds,safety risk factor,and storage stability of peanut butter

Microwave, as a new heat treatment technology, has the characteristics of uniform and fast heating speed. It is an energy-saving technology known for improving oilseed product quality. Its efficiency mainly depends on the roasting power and time. However, the production of high-quality peanut butter using short-time roasting conditions are limited. Herein, we determined an appropriate microwave roasting power and time for peanuts and evaluated its impacts on the quality of peanut butter. Different roasting powers (400 ​W, 800 ​W and 1200 ​W) and times (4, 4.5, 5, and 5.5 ​min) were preliminarily tested. Among them, 800 ​W at 5 ​min was the most suitable. The roasting efficiency was further evaluated using color, sensory, bioactive compounds, storage stability, and safety risk factors of peanut butter produced from four peanut cultivars (Silihong, Baisha-1016, Yuanza-9102, and Yuhua-9414). The pre-treated butter obtained from three cultivars (Silihong, Yuanza-9102, and Yuhua-9414) with moisture content between 5% and 7.2% had a similar sensory score (6–7) as the commercial on a 9-point hedonic scale compare to the other. The color of the pre-treated peanut butter varies statistically with the commercial but remained in the recommended range of Hunter L1 values of 51–52, respectively, for high initial moisture peanut cultivars. The total polyphenol (35.20-31.59 ​± ​0.59 ​μmol GAE/g) and tocopherol (19.05 ​± ​0.35 ​mg/100 ​g) content in the butter obtained from three cultivars (Yuahua-9102, Yuhua, and Baisha-1016) and Silihong respectively, were significantly (P ​< ​0.05) higher than those in the commercial butter. The induction times of all pre-treated butter (19.80 ​± ​0.99–7.84 ​± ​0.07 ​h) were significantly (P ​< ​0.05) longer during storage at accelerated temperature than commercial samples. In addition, no benzo[a]pyrene was found in the pre-treated samples. Collectively, the microwave pretreated peanut butter was superior to the commercial one. These findings provided data support and a reference basis to promote microwave use for peanut butter production.     

水稻花药超微结构电镜制样技术

 通过多次对水稻花药的超微结构观察,总结出一套适用于水稻花药超微结构观察的电镜制样技术和切片方法,按照此法能够得到比较满意的水稻花药超薄切片及电镜照片。     

前期不同水分状况对土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响

田间采集的新鲜土壤样品分别在室温下风干(土样D)和淹水(土样S)保存110d后,将二者的含水量分别调至20%、40%、60%、80%、100%持水量(WHC,Water Holding Capacity),在25℃下培育138h,设置不通和通入10%(v/v)乙炔的处理。结果显示,在20%～80%WHC下培育时,土样S的氧化亚氮(N2O)排放量为土样D的2.48倍～6.36倍(p<0.01),而在100%WHC水分含量下培育时,土样S的N2O排放量仅为土样D的19%(p<0.01),通入乙炔不但未使土样D的N2O排放量增加,反而显著减少。通入乙炔的处理,培养结束后硝态氮的含量增加。随培育水分含量的升高,土样S和土样D的二氧化碳排放量增大。供试土样可能存在异养硝化作用。前期水分的差异显著影响土壤N2O排放量,故在田间测定土壤N2O排放量时,要考虑土壤前期水分的差异。     

4种农药残留量检测的前处理技术研究

研究了茚虫威、烯酰吗啉、毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯等4种常用农药在蔬菜、水果、土壤等介质中残留检测的前处理技术,确定农药残留分析提取试剂以乙腈为宜;对振荡法、匀浆法、微波法、超声波法4种提取方法的提取效果进行综合分析比较,通过正交试验优化提取条件,为以后这4种农药的残留检测和研究提供参考。     

改进点样器对血清蛋白膜电泳分离效果的影响

在醋酸纤维薄膜电泳分离人血清蛋白质实验中,为了使实验取得了廉价、简捷、分离效果更好的效果,改用毛细管以及自制点样器点样,经过多次试验,不仅同时结合GIS-2009(Tianneng)图谱分析仪成像和蛋白质指纹图谱分析,结果显示:改制订书针效果优于毛细管和载玻片,而且点样量在3μL时效果优于2μL和1μL。确定最佳点样为:自制的订书针,点样量3μL。     

化学预处理法提取榛壳棕色素条件的响应面优化

利用响应面法优化了化学预处理法提取榛壳棕色素的条件,研究了预处理的化学试剂、浓度、温度、时间、料液比五个单因素对预处理的影响;并在单因素试验的基础上,进行了响应面优化试验。优化结果表明,化学试剂预处理的最佳工艺条件为:化学试剂NaCl,浓度0.85%,温度34.2℃,时间0.98h和料液比1:3.2。在此条件下预处理榛壳,可使棕色素提取效率提高54.3%,得率达到6.1%。