大穗黑麦草成熟种子愈伤组织诱导及分化的研究

以大穗黑麦草成熟种子为外植体 ,采用MS基本培养基 ,研究了不同浓度的 2 ,4-D和 6-BA及其组合对其愈伤组织诱导的影响 ,不同浓度的NAA和 6-BA组合对愈伤组织分化成苗的影响。结果表明 :不同浓度 2 ,4-D对大穗黑麦草愈伤组织诱导率差异显著 ,以 7mg/L效果最好 ,浓度过高 ,愈伤组织诱导率下降 ;在 0～ 1 .0mg/L范围内 ,6-BA浓度越高 ,愈伤组织诱导率越高 ,但长势渐差 ;2 ,4-D + 6-BA的不同配比浓度的愈伤组织诱导率存在差异 ,以MS + 7mg/L 2 ,4-D + 0mg/L 6-BA的组合为最优 ,产生的愈伤组织数量多、质量好 ;NAA+ 6-BA不同配比浓度的愈伤组织分化率存在一定差异 ,以MS +NAA 0 .5mg/L + 6-BA 1mg/L的愈伤组织分化率最高。初步建立了一个以大穗黑麦草成熟种子为外植体的愈伤组织诱导及分化体系     

马铃薯Y病毒复制酶基因植物表达载体构建及转基因烟草的培育

用ＢａｍＨＩ／ＫｐｎＩ从重组克隆ＰＺＤ－１中切下马铃薯Ｙ病毒脉坏死株系复制酶基因，将其插入质粒ＰＲＯＤ２相庆切点中构成植物表达载体。用重组ｐＲＯＤ２转化农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ）ＬＢＡ４４０４菌株，通过重组农杆菌侵染叶盘将复制酶基因转入烟草品种ＮＣ８９中获得转基因植株。分子生物学检测结果表明，复制酶基因在转基因烟草中获得品种ＮＣ８９中获得转基因植株。分子生物学检测     

小麦属G组染色体编码的高分子量谷蛋白亚基多态性

用SDS－PAGE和PCR扩增方法对提莫菲维小麦和阿拉拉特小麦G组染色体编码的高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW－GS）的多态性进行了研究。无论从蛋白质水平还是从DNA水平来看，G组染色体编码的HMW－GS都存在遗传多样性，15个供试材料表现出8种表型，并与普通小麦和硬粒小麦的HMW－GS不同，为了研究G组染色体编码的HMW－GS与小麦品质的关系；利用普通小麦的Glu-1Y位点中部重复结构区的保守序列设计的2个特异性引物对G组染色体进行PCR扩增可以鉴别Glu-1G位点的等位基因变异，且与SDS－PAGE的结果一致。     

沂蒙山区杞柳害虫记述

近4年来的研究，记载了为害沂蒙山区杞柳的害虫（害螨），共计115种，分属于昆虫纲和蛛形钢，6目，31科。     

马铃薯Y病毒两分离物特性及其侵染寄主的超微结构比较研究

报道了马铃薯Y病毒两分离物的生物学和血清学特性、病毒粒体形态大小以及它们引起的寄主细胞病变特征等方面的差异.从山东省主要烟草和马铃薯种植区病毒样品中分离到两个马铃薯Y病毒分离物,分别为PVY-T 和PVY-P.两分离物在寄主植物上的症状表现、体外抗性、蚜传特性、血清学以及病毒粒体大小等方面存在着明显的差异.同时,这些结果与作对照的PVY标准株系PVYN 和PVYO相比较,初步推测分离物PVY-T属于PVYO株系 ,而P VY-P则属于PVYN.通过对受侵染寄主的细胞超微结构观察比较发现,这两种PVY分离物在寄主细胞内的分布特征、内含体以及与寄主互作后所引起的细胞病变也明显不同,这些可能成为区别PVY不同株系的依据之一.     

中国荷斯坦牛SRY基因编码区的克隆与原核表达

利用PCR技术从雄性中国荷斯坦牛的基因组DNA中克隆了Y染色体性别决定基因(Sex-deter-m in ing R eg ion on the Y Chrom osom e,SRY)的编码区全长序列,构建了表达载体pET-28a/SRY,并将其在大肠杆菌(E.coli)中进行了诱导表达,对表达产物进行了检测。结果表明,SRY基因编码区长687 bp,编码229个氨基酸;表达载体pET-28a/SRY构建成功;表达产物中含有相对分子质量为33 ku的SRY蛋白。     

土壤铅胁迫对旱柳生长及相关生理特性的影响

采用盆栽试验方法研究了不同铅胁迫浓度下旱柳幼苗的生长及相关生理指标的变化。结果表明:随着重金属铅胁迫浓度的增加,旱柳的比叶重、株高与地径生长受到抑制;叶绿素含量及根系活力呈下降的趋势;叶片游离脯氨酸含量与细胞膜透性呈逐渐增加趋势。在浓度为300mg/kg时,游离脯氨酸、细胞膜透性及根系活力与对照相比达到显著差异(P<0.05);在浓度600mg/kg时,株高、地径与对照相比达到极显著差异(P<0.01);叶绿素a与对照相比达到显著差异(P<0.05);不同铅胁迫浓度对叶绿素b、叶绿素a/b值没有显著的影响。     

Metal uptake in maize, willows and poplars on impoldered and freshwater tidal marshes in the Scheldt estuary

Foliar Cd and Zn concentrations in Salix, Populus and Zea mays grown on freshwater tidal marshes were assessed. Soil metal concentrations were elevated, averaging 9.7 mg Cd kg^?1 dry soil, 1100 mg Zn kg^?1 dry soil and 152 mg Cr kg^?1 dry soil. Cd (1.1–13.7 mg kg^?1) and Zn (192–1140 mg kg^?1) concentrations in willows and poplars were markedly higher than in maize on impoldered tidal marshes (0.8–4.8 mg Cd kg^?1 and 155–255 mg Zn kg^?1). Foliar samples of maize were collected on 90 plots on alluvial and sediment‐derived soils with variable degree of soil pollution. For soil Cd concentrations exceeding 7 mg Cd kg^?1 dry soil, there was a 50% probability that maize leaf concentrations exceeded public health standards for animal fodder. It was shown that analysis of foliar samples of maize taken in August can be used to predict foliar metal concentrations at harvest. These findings can therefore contribute to anticipating potential hazards arising from maize cultivation on soils with elevated metal contents.     

Revegetation of copper mine tailings with ryegrass and willow

To restore vegetation on metal mine tailings is very difficult because they often contain high concentrations of heavy metals, low nutrient content and low water retention capacity. This study involved 3 experiments that evaluated the effects of 4 treatment amendments: montmorillonite, rice straw, organic manure and chemical fertilizer on the growth of ryegrass (Loliurn perenne L.) and willow (Salix virninalis L.) with Cu and Zn mine tailings from two mining areas. The results showed that ryegrass was the most tolerant of 4 crops to Cu toxicity. Also when organic manure, which contained high concentrations of inorganic salts, was added to the mine tailings, it significantly hindered ryegrass growth (P=0.05).Meanwhile, with ryegrass organic manure significantly increased (P=0.05) the extractable Cu concentration in both mine tallings. When montmorillonite was used as a mine tailings amendment with willow, the height and tress number at the 1st cut were significantly greater (P = 0.05) than a control without montmorillonite. However there was no significant difference for height, tress number, dry weight or root dry weight at the 2nd cut. So, amendment applications to reduce metal toxicity and increase nutrients retention in mine tailings were essential during revegetation of mine tailings.     

马铃薯Y病毒的株系种类、分子特征及鉴定方法研究进展

马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)株系分化现象明显,具有多个株系类型。随着分子生物学技术和免疫学技术逐渐被引入PVY的株系鉴定中,产生了一系列的株系鉴定方法。为此,对PVY的主要株系、亚株系的种类及分类依据、分子特征以及近年来应用于PVY株系鉴定的传统生物学方法、分子生物学方法、免疫学方法等进行了综述。