神经肽Y对犊牛肝细胞PC mRNA丰度及其活性的影响

取单层培养72 h生长良好的犊牛肝细胞,采用单因素重复试验,分别添加0、50、100、200、500、1000 pg/ml的羊体外合成神经肽Y（neuropeptide Y,NPY）,每个处理3个重复（每重复2孔）,再培养12 h后分别提取RNA和制备细胞上清液。应用荧光定量PCR方法检测外源NPY 对肝细胞糖异生关键酶丙酮酸羧化酶（pyruvate carboxylase,PC）基因表达的影响,同时用比色法检测其对肝细胞PC活性的影响。结果表明,一定浓度的NPY显著促进了肝细胞PC mRNA表达,增强了PC活性。     

家畜性别控制技术的研究进展

在畜牧生产中,人为控制出生家畜的性别可以降低生产成本,提高经济效益。随着科技的进步和研究的不断深入,家畜性别控制技术也在不断的完善。作者综述了X、Y精子的分离和胚胎性别鉴定这两项家畜性控技术的发展历程和研究现状,并对其今后的研究方向及应用前景进行了展望。     

河北杨与旱柳的杂交及其杂种性状

用河北杨作母本与旱柳进行杂交,同时采用新疆杨死花粉作“蒙导”,获得成功;并对杂种后代的各种性状及抗性等作了研究。     

Quantity production of anther-derived haploids from a multiple disease resistant tobacco hybrid. I. Frequency of plants with resistance or susceptibility to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato virus Y (PVY), and root knot (RK)

Summary Methods are described for producing large numbers of haploid plantlets from anthers of a flue-cured tobacco hybrid with monogenic resistance to tobacco mosaic virus, (TMV), potato virus Y (PVY) and root knot (RK), respectively. Additional details are given on colchicine treatment for converting haploids to doubled haploids (DH's) and on the frequency of spontaneous DH's among untreated plantlets. Disparate genetic ratios of TMV-resistant to TMV-susceptible plants were obtained among colchicine-treated haploid plantlets, induced DH's and untreated haploids when compared with F₂ and BC₁ progenies. Haploids (gametes) with the gene for TMV resistance occurred more frequently than expected and plantlets with the gene for RK resistance occurred less frequenctly than expected. Transmission of the gene for PVY resistance differed only slightly from Mendelian expectations. These unexpected ratios, in addition to the frequent occurrence of plastid chimeras among anther-derived plantlets, strengthened our conviction that haploidy is somehow associated with mutation.Joint contribution from the Departments of Genetics, Crop Science and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, and the Tobacco Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research, Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Oxford, North Carolina. Paper No. 5576 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Raleigh, North Carolina.     

黄鳝(Monopterus albus)H-Y抗原的研究

利用自制的抗Ｈ－Ｙ血清,对黄鳝进行脾淋巴细胞毒性试验,检测各发育时期的性腺,脑,脾及肌肉组织,结果如下：（１）雄性有Ｈ－Ｙ抗原存在,雌性无;（２）性逆转过程中,Ｈ－Ｙ抗原从雌性到雄性是从无到有逐渐递增的;（３）黄鳝经１７α－甲基睾酮处理后,雌性,间性,雄性三个发育阶段Ｈ－Ｙ抗原的存在状况并未发现显著改变。     

华木莲植物群落的生态学研究

采用线路踏查和样方调查的方法,对华木莲ＳｉｎｏｍａｎｇｌｉｅｔｉａｇｌａｕｃａＺ．Ｘ．ＹｕｅｔＱ．Ｙ．Ｚｈｅｎｇ植物群落中乔木树种的重要值,物种多样性、优势度、群落均匀度以及物种丰富度等指标进行了计测,并初步分析了群落类型、结构与特种多样性指数的关系以及该植物的生境和花木莲种群特征,最后指出华木莲为中性偏阳性树,在林内天然更新困难,在现状植被中,该种群为衰退种群。     

Inheritance of resistance to potato virus Y in garden pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Summary Bell pepper suffers considerable losses from a strain of potato virus Y (PVY^o-sbp). Crosses were attempted between two resistant lines Perennial and S41-1 and two highly susceptible bell pepper commercial cultivars California Wonder and Yolo Wonder. Studies of F₁'s, F₂'s, back crosses and F₃'s indicated that Perennial and S41-1 carry a recessive gene imparting resistance to potato virus Y.     

福建单竹属一新种

本文报道了产于中国福建南部的竹亚科一新种.它是单竹属的有节竹.     

基于去趋势分析的中国温带旱柳开花始期对气候变暖的响应

为了更准确地揭示植物在物候水平上对气温变化的响应与适应机制,在去气温和物候时间序列趋势的基础上,建立日尺度的气温?物候回归模型,分析中国温带地区40个站点1986-2011年旱柳开花始期对气温变化的响应与适应机理。结果表明：中国温带地区77.5%的站点旱柳开花始期呈提前趋势,相应的敏感时段春季气温则呈上升趋势（0.8±0.5℃·10a-1）。其中,75%的站点物候期或气温时间序列存在显著变化趋势。进行去趋势处理后,17.5%的站点相关性发生变化,去趋势前其相关性较低,去趋势后,表现为显著负相关;模拟的均方根误差（RMSE）从去趋势前的5.5d降至去趋势后的4.9d,说明去趋势方法能提高气温-物候响应关系诊断的精确度。基于去时间序列线性趋势的气温－物候回归模型,得到92.5%的站点旱柳开花期与敏感时段春季气温呈显著负相关关系,即随着气温的升高,旱柳开花期呈提前趋势,其线性响应速率为-2.5±2.1d·℃-1。     

沙柳的孔隙结构、微纤丝角和纤维素结晶度研究

【目的】研究不同年轮沙柳(Salix psammophila)材的孔隙结构、微纤丝角和纤维素结晶度,为更合理、有效地利用沙柳资源提供依据。【方法】以取自内蒙古鄂尔多斯沙地的3年生沙柳为研究对象,利用氮气吸附法(NAD)研究不同年轮处沙柳木材的孔隙结构,并用X射线衍射(XRD)测定不同年轮处沙柳木材的微纤丝角和纤维素结晶度。【结果】从髓心到树皮的3个年轮处沙柳木材的比表面积逐渐增大,分别为0.54,0.68和1.81m2/g;孔体积逐渐增大,分别为0.002,0.468和1.560cm3/g,大多数孔隙的直径为2~10nm;而微纤丝角逐渐减小,分别为14.35°,12.17°和10.71°;纤维素结晶度从第1年轮到第3年轮略有增加,分别为48.15%,49.23%和49.58%。【结论】靠近树皮的沙柳材具有较大的比表面积、孔体积、纤维素结晶度和较小的微纤丝角,是制取纤维素材料和生物质能源的较好原材料。