噁嗪草酮与五氟磺草胺或双草醚混用对水稻机插秧田杂草的防效及水稻的安全性

通过田间试验测定了1%噁嗪草酮悬浮剂(SC)与25 g/L五氟磺草胺可分散油悬浮剂(OD)或10%双草醚悬浮剂(SC)桶混使用对机插秧稻田杂草的防效及水稻的安全性。结果表明:1%噁嗪草酮SC 250、300、350 m L/667 m~2与25 g/L五氟磺草胺OD 80 m L/667 m~2混用,1%噁嗪草酮SC 350 m L/667 m~2与10%双草醚SC 10 m L/667 m~2混用,在水稻移栽后7 d毒土撒施及移栽后13 d茎叶喷雾施用对稗属杂草、千金子、鸭舌草、耳叶水苋、异型莎草等杂草的防效均达91%以上,优于对照移栽前2 d 35%丙草胺·苄嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂(WP)80 g/667 m~2毒土撒施+移栽后7 d 50%苯噻酰草胺·苄嘧磺隆WP 75 g/667 m~2毒土撒施处理、移栽后20 d 60 g/L五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯OD 100 m L/667 m~2茎叶喷雾处理,移栽后7 d施药处理对杂草的防效高于移栽后13 d施药处理。1%噁嗪草酮SC 250、300、350 m L/667 m~2与25 g/L五氟磺草胺OD 80 m L/667 m~2或10%双草醚SC 10 m L/667 m~2桶混在水稻移栽后7 d或13 d处理对机插秧水稻安全。     

改性P25-S材料对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果

[目的]对P25(纳米TiO2)进行改性,以期减小改性材料发挥抗菌性所需的激发能量,提高对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果.[方法]采用研磨—煅烧法将硫脲掺入P25材料中进行改性,以抑菌率作为主要指标,通过单因素试验和二次旋转回归试验优选最佳制备工艺,并观察抑菌处理前后大肠杆菌的表面形态.[结果]改性P25-S材料的最佳制备条件为:硫脲掺杂量3.20g/g P25,煅烧温度397℃,煅烧时间3.5 h.可见光条件下,改性P25-S材料对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为95%,较未改性的P25材料抑菌率(79%)提高了16%(绝对值).改性P25-S材料光照处理后的大肠杆菌表面皱缩,部分菌体断裂、破损,质膜解体.[结论]通过研磨—煅烧法将适量硫脲掺杂入P25材料中制备获得的改性P25-S材料能有效提高材料的抑菌率,安全性高、无污染、工艺简单、成本低廉,可大规模用于制备抑菌性食品包装膜、抑菌性包装器材等相关领域.     

玫瑰花对β-淀粉样蛋白诱导PC12神经细胞毒性的抑制作用

[目的]研究玫瑰花提取物对β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ25-35）诱导的损伤PC12细胞的保护作用。[方法]PC12细胞加入Aβ25-35共同孵育后,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）法检测PC12细胞活力,比色法检测细胞内丙二醛（MDA）含量,酶联免疫法检测细胞内Nf-κb水平。[结果]玫瑰花提取物对PC12无显著细胞毒性,可以显著抑制Aβ25-35诱导的PC12细胞毒性。与模型组相比,添加玫瑰花乙酸乙酯萃取物的样品组能降低PC12细胞内MDA浓度和Nf-κb表达。[结论]玫瑰花提取物对β-淀粉样蛋白致PC12细胞损伤具有一定的抑制作用,其作用机理可能与降低Aβ25-35所致的PC12细胞内的氧化应激有关。     

高产广适小麦品种淮麦25产量形成分析

淮麦25是江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所选育的高产广适小麦品种。用多年国家区域试验数据对该品种进行了产量形成及稳定性分析,以期为当前高产小麦育种提供借鉴。结果表明,淮麦25连续两年在国家黄淮南片冬小麦区域试验中增产均达极显著水平;平均有效穗数为648×104 /hm2,穗粒数37粒,千粒重38 g左右,产量三因素协调;适应度广,适应性强,动态及静态稳定性好。     

Alkylresorcinol composition allows the differentiation of Triticum spp. having different degrees of ploidy

Total alkylresorcinol (AR) content and homologue composition were assessed in whole grain flours of 15 varieties each of bread wheat, durum, spelt, emmer, and einkorn grown in four different environments. Bread wheat (761 ± 92 μg/g DM) and spelt (743 ± 57 μg/g) belonging to the hexaploid species showed higher AR concentrations than the tetraploid durum (654 ± 48 μg/g, p < 0.05), while the concentrations found in the diploid einkorn (737 ± 91 μg/g) and the tetraploid emmer (697 ± 94 μg/g) did not significantly differ from the other species. The AR content showed a remarkable heritability and, thus, seemed to be mainly determined by genetic factors. If ARs were assumed to be deposited within a specific AR-rich layer of the kernel, AR levels of all varieties would easily surpass their minimal inhibitory concentrations against fungal pathogens within this barrier layer. Although the AR carrying a C21:0 side chain was the main homologue in all species, the levels of all AR homologues and their relative composition significantly differed between hexaploid (bread wheat and spelt), tetraploid (durum and emmer) and diploid (einkorn) species. Consequently, a clear-cut differentiation of Triticum species and derived whole grain flours according to their degrees of ploidy was established based on concentrations of saturated C₁₇-, C₁₉-, C₂₁-, C₂₃-, and C₂₅-substituted ARs.     

单掺掺合料对C25混凝土碳化性能影响

选用常用掺合料Ⅱ级粉煤灰和S95矿粉,采用加速碳化试验方法,研究了单掺掺合料对C25混凝土碳化性能影响。研究结果表明:(1)C25混凝土不同龄期加速碳化深度随着粉煤灰掺量增加,总体的变化规律基本一致;当矿粉掺量增加时,C25混凝土各龄期得加速碳化深度的变化规律不完全相同。(2)相同龄期不同粉煤灰(或矿粉)掺量的C25混凝土加速碳化深度相差不大,且同属于现行预拌混凝土标准中T-IV抗碳化性能等级;在单掺掺合料混凝土中,编号50S28d加速碳化深度最低。(3)针对28d加速碳化深度低的配合比进行了经济分析,编号40S不仅具有较低的28d加速碳化深度,而且单方成本最低。     

CDC25B Involved in Proliferation of Sertoli Cells of New Born Calves Through FSH and Possibly Being Key Regulating Factor

The effects of FSH on the proliferation of sertoli cells of new born calves were studied in order to provide some data for theoretical research and practical use of spermatogenesis in vitro. Different concentrations of FSH(0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 IU · mL~(-1)) were taken to treat bovine sertoli cells in vitro culture, the number of sertoli cells and the expression of seven genes were determined at 6, 12 and 24 h after FSH treatments. FSH could significantly promote the proliferation of in vitro cultured sertoli cells. FSH had no significant effects on the expression of CDC25A and could significantly improve the expression of CDC25B. 0.04 IU · mL~(-1) and 0.08 IU · mL~(-1) FSH treatments decreased the expression of CDC25C at 12 h. 0.08 IU · mL~(-1) FSH treatment decreased the expression of CDC25C at 24 h. 0.04 IU · mL~(-1) FSH could significantly decrease the expression of GSK-3β and improve the expression of β-catenin at 6, 12 and 24 h. 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 IU · mL~(-1) FSH treatments enhanced the expressions of CYCLIND1 and C-MYC. In conclusion, FSH promoted the proliferation of sertoli cells and 0.04 IU · mL~(-1) FSH concentration could significantly promote the proliferation of in vitro cultured sertoli cells. FSH promoted the proliferation of sertoli cells by CDC25B and WNT/β-catenin and CDC25B might be the key regulator to the proliferating rate of sertoli cells of bovine calf.     

25℃条件下不同氮气浓度对储粮害虫控制效果研究

在25℃±1℃,70%±5%R.H.的条件下,研究90%、95%和98%浓度的氮气对储粮害虫的控制效果,结果表明:90%以上氮气对混合虫态发育为成虫以及成虫的生育均有抑制作用,时间越长,抑制效果越好,90%氮气不能用于对害虫成虫的防治;95%氮气对米象、锈赤扁谷盗和书虱成虫有效,但不能有效防治赤拟谷盗和谷蠹成虫,对所有试虫的混合虫态均可以控制,但需要通气的时间较长,对混合虫态的控制效果为依次为:米象>赤拟谷盗>锈赤扁谷盗>谷蠹;98%氮气对所有成虫的控制效果均较好,对混合虫态发育为成虫的控制效果也较好,对成虫的控制效果依次为:米象>锈赤扁谷盗>赤拟谷盗>谷蠹,对混合虫态的控制效果依次为:赤拟谷盗>锈赤扁谷盗>米象>谷蠹。不同浓度氮气对害虫的防治效果与害虫是否具有PH3抗性无关,氮气气调可用于对PH3抗性虫种的防治。     

合丰25的间接利用与合丰号大豆品种的选育

为了研究优秀种质资源的利用方式,以合丰25育成的品种(系)作母本,与不同结荚习性的大豆杂交,成功育成7个合丰号大豆品种,合丰40、合丰42、合丰43、合丰55、合丰56、合农60、合农62,这些品种对合丰号大豆的推广应用起到了重要的作用。同时合丰25的间接利用效果显著。     

粤糖系列甘蔗品种对25％敌草隆的敏感性差异

为探讨粤糖系列甘蔗品种对除草剂25％敌草隆应用的安全性,通过盆栽试验测定了3个粤糖系列常栽甘蔗品种及新台糖22号对25％敌草隆的敏感性。结果显示．总生物量更能表现出不同甘蔗品种对敌草隆不同剂量、不同喷施期的敏感性差异：通过总生物量的测定,YT00／236对敌草隆较敏感,Roc22较耐药,YT93／159、YT55对敌草隆的敏感性介于其中;在4800ga．i／hm2剂量处理下,YT00／236与1LOC22敏感性差异极显著,YT93／159、YT55虽有差异但不明显．表明甘蔗对敌草隆的敏感性与品种有关,从某品种的敏感性不能推断该品系所有品种的敏感性都是高或低。因此要明确甘蔗品种对敌草隆的敏感性．必须进行喷药时期、喷药量的试验测定。