谈高校图书馆对外开放

近年来图书馆界对于“高校图书馆对外开放”这个议题的争论一直持续着。社会呼吁高校图书馆能够对外开放,而高校图书馆在资源储备及利用上的种种优势也决定了它有实现对外开放的条件。许多高校也已经进行了对外开放的尝试。但是,高校图书馆的对外开放也面临种种困难。今后,各高校图书馆应顺应时代潮流,解放思想,转变观念,加强自身建设,为全面对外开放打好坚实的基础,最终使高校图书馆成为真正意义上的“没有围墙的大学”。     

论农村妇女的文化资本

个体文化资本的积累受家庭教育、学校教育和社会教育的影响。农村妇女文化资本的积累受家庭文化传承的文化资本底子太薄,学校教育分配的文化资本不公平以及社会教育的缺乏的影响,呈现文化能力低、文化产品少、受教育程度低的现状。     

Anthropogenic effects on the physical and chemical properties of subtropical coastal urban soils

We investigated the effects of various anthropogenic factors on urban soil properties in subtropical, coastal Tampa, FL, USA. Specifically, we explored the influence of (i) urbanization as measured by land use, land cover, population density and years since urban development and (ii) socioeconomic conditions as reflected in household income and property values on bulk density (BD) and several key soil chemical properties. Results indicate that Tampa’s urban soils were affected to varying degrees by these factors with chemical properties being more variable than BD. Across land uses significant differences were found for Mehlich‐1 (M1) extractable P, Ca and Na. A similar trend was observed for land‐cover classes, although significant differences were also found for pH and M1‐Cu. Soil properties had no statistically significant relationship with population density. However, time since urbanization did with M1‐P and Na varying significantly across age categories. For our socioeconomic analyses, M1‐K and Mg levels differed significantly by household income while pH, P, Ca and Na values differed significantly by property value. Overall, our findings indicate that despite their inherent heterogeneity, there are identifiable patterns among subtropical coastal urban soil properties. We suggest that a more thorough understanding of these patterns and their drivers is an essential first step towards developing soil management strategies aimed at maintaining environmental quality and ecosystem services in subtropical cities.     

Relating tradable credits for biodiversity to sustainability criteria in a dynamic landscape

Tradable biodiversity credit systems provide flexible means to resolve conflicts between development and conservation land-use options for habitats occupied by threatened or endangered species. We describe an approach to incorporate the influence of habitat fragmentation into the conservation value of tradable credits. Habitat fragmentation decreases gene flow, increases rates of genetic drift and inbreeding, and increases probabilities of patch extinction. Importantly, tradable credit systems will change the level of fragmentation over time for small and/or declining populations. We apply landscape equivalency analysis (LEA), a generalizable, landscape-scale accounting system that assigns conservation value to habitat patches based on patch contributions to abundance and genetic variance at landscape scales. By evaluating habitat trades using two models that vary the relationship between dispersal behaviors and landscape patterns, we show that LEA provides a novel method for limiting access to habitat at the landscape-scale, recognizing that the appropriate amount of migration needed to supplement patch recruitment and to offset drift and inbreeding will vary as landscape pattern changes over time. We also found that decisions based on probabilities of persistence alone would ignore changes in migration, genetic drift, and patch extinction that result from habitat trades. The general principle of LEA is that habitat patches traded should make at least equivalent contributions to rates of recruitment and migration estimated at a landscape scale. Traditional approaches for assessing the “take” and “jeopardy” standards under the Endangered Species Act based on changes in abundance and probability of persistence may be inadequate to prevent trades that increase fragmentation.     

修购专项有力支撑农业信息科技创新和公益服务

回顾了2006年以来农业信息研究所修购专项资金项目组织实施情况,重点总结了该项目的实施对提升农业信息科技创新和公益服务能力的支撑作用:一是为保障农产品供给,稳定农产品市场起到了积极的促进作用;二是为开展新兴学科的研究提供了技术支撑;三是提升了科技成果转化推广示范基地的水平;改善了中国农科院的网络环境;提高了农业科技文献信息资源共享服务能力。     

探析如何改善高职院校图书馆读者服务工作

高职院校是我国高校体系的一个重要组成部分,高职院校图书馆担负着为本院校的教学和科研服务的重任,而读者服务工作是图书馆的工作的核心。高职院校图书馆由于客观和主观的原因,在读者服务中存在一些问题,这些问题如果不能妥善解决,就会影响图书馆的读者服务质量。本研究分析了高职院校图书馆在读者服务中存在的比较有代表性的问题,并根据问题出现的原因提出了相应的解决对策。     

中原经济区建设中农村人口有序转移的政府责任研究

以当前国家主体功能区划分背景下中原经济区建设为背景,在对中原经济区建设中农村人口有序转移进行研究的基础上,提出了各级政府部门推动农村人口有序转移的对策建议。     

用实例探析图书馆流通阅览服务中的语言艺术

图书馆讲究服务语言艺术是为读者提供优质服务的重要保障,研究通过几个实例提高图书馆员的服务语言艺术,以便于更好地为读者服务。     

农村社区公益性文化建设中几个问题的阐释

对农村社区公益性文化建设中几个问题进行了阐释,指出推进农村社区公益性文化建设,应重视农村权威人物发挥积极作用,预防其消极作用;应重视农民工对乡村社会的影响力,引导农民工对农村社区建设发挥积极作用;应重视农民闲暇生活,用先进文化占领这一重要阵地。     

河南省农村社会保障问题的研究

农村社会保障制度的完善对河南省农村社会经济的发展、中原经济区建设具有重要的作用。本文针对河南省农村社会保障在最低生活保障、新农合、新农保等方面的现状,分析了其存在的问题。并借鉴国外发展中、发达国家农村社会保障体系的经验,对河南省农村社会保障提出了几点建议。