现代设施蔬菜农业园区发展模式探索

从我国设施蔬菜的发展现状出发,针对生产型农业园区的规划理念、市场定位、近远期规划方向、功能分区、分项规划、规划保障等方面均进行了研究,对于生产型农业园区近期应具备的各项功能区进行了进一步的阐述与研究,同时针对设施蔬菜现代农业园区的远期建设模式进行了阐述。     

不同尺度下发展我国农村社区教育的模式研究

论述了我国农村社区教育的概念、特点，指出加强农村社区教育的紧迫性。通过分析我国农村社区教育的现状，指出现阶段农村社区教育体系中存在的主要问题是文化建设相对于经济建设滞后，社区教育没有充分发挥技能培训和德育的作用，并据此提出了宏观尺度、中观尺度和微观尺度下发展我国农村社区教育的基本模式。     

农业工程技术对发展农村生产力的作用

提出乡级经济是农村经济发展的基本单位,发展农村经济的关键是发展农村生产力。在阐述农村生产力内涵的基础上,系统地论述了农业工程技术对农村生产力诸要素质和量以及结构优化方面所表现的功能,并从当前农业生产对农业工程技术实际需求出发,进一步论证了农业工程技术在农村经济发展中所发挥的作用。     

五常市北部地区农村居民点用地适宜性评价与整治分区规划

农村居民点用地适宜性评价是实现农村土地合理布局、挖掘土地整理潜力的重要依据。以五常市北部地区为例,从自然、经济社会和生态三方面构建典型粮食产区农村居民点用地适宜性评价指标体系,结合地区内部特点量化指标因子;依据适宜性评价分级和区域模式差异,综合考虑人口城镇化影响实现居民点的整治分区规划。结果表明:北部12个乡镇中农村居民点用地适宜性区间为0~3.996 8,不存在最高适宜的居民点用地,域内以高适宜和中适宜用地为主,低适宜和不适宜的居民点用地相对比例之和5.02%,地区仍有部分居民点需重点整治;兴隆乡、营城子乡、民乐乡等部分地区应引导村内人口外迁,八家子乡、常堡乡、牛家镇等应积极迁村并点,兴隆乡部分地区、八家子乡和卫国乡实施内部改造,保留发展型均有分布。研究结果可为该地区居民点整理规划提供科学依据。     

低丘红壤区农村生态经济发展及其分异——以江西省鹰潭市为例

用多元统计因子分析法评价低丘红壤区农村生态经济质量的结果表明,低丘红壤区农村生态经济质量总体水平不高;在农村发展初期生态环境质量与经济发展相悖;农村改革开放呈现其生态经济质的转折;村屯出现以市区为中心的生态经济时空分异。     

Spatially targeting the distribution of agricultural input stockists in Malawi

Developing the rural agricultural input markets in sub-Saharan Africa can improve the current low productivity of smallholder farmers. Malawi has seen significant efforts in addressing the availability of agricultural inputs at village level in the last few years; for example, the improvement of rural agro-dealer networks. Nevertheless inputs are still difficult to obtain for many remote smallholder farmers. Spatial analysis can help in the expansion of input stockists, especially agro-dealer networks, by assessing the coverage of existing input outlets and deriving optimum locations for village-level input stockists.We address three research questions. First, what is the locational efficiency of the current village-level stockists of inputs (Citizens Network for Foreign Affairs – Rural Agricultural Market Development Trust trained network of agro dealers and public sector)? Secondly, how many village-level stockists of markets are needed to reach 60% of the population in the central region of Malawi within one hour? Finally we address the potential spatial components of the sustainability of input stockists relating to the potential demand from smallholder farmers and the access to bulk supplies. The problem of finding the optimum location for village-level stockists of markets is addressed in two stages, using spatial analysis in conjunction with location–allocation models. First, the locational efficiency of the existing network of stockists of inputs is determined, followed by the establishment of a set of optimal sites for village-level stockists of inputs. A final step explores the viability of stockists and calculates the population surrounding the stockists taking into account competition from other sources of inputs and the accessibility of the selected stockists to potential wholesalers who are bulk distributors of farm inputs.Our results show that locational efficiency can be assessed in terms of the differential access of households to resources and transport. Often, these differences are not considered in covering problems and can have a large effect on the physical access to inputs. The results can be used to define which areas are inherently difficult to serve with agricultural inputs and could inform efforts to provide incentives to remote areas. Further implications for input policies in Malawi are that improvements in road infrastructure might not directly benefit the poorest farmers (if they are walking) but could serve to reduce the wholesale prices and therefore the retail price. In addition, the improvement in roads might increase the number of potential customers of any particular stockist, with economies of scale allowing the reduction of prices while ensuring a satisfactory profit margin for the stockist. The results of our models imply that Citizens Network for Foreign Affairs may need to train stockists over a wider area to increase the access to inputs of those smallholder farmers with least resources.     

农村教育对农民增收的作用分析

论述了我国农村教育的现状、重要性以及教育与经济收入的关系,并通过分析相关统计资料,说明了农民素质与农民人均纯收入密切相关,同时提出了加快农村人力资源开发,增加农村人力资本投资,提高农民的教育水平、科技素质及构建农村终身教育体系等农村教育发展的建议。     

台湾休闲农业发展的经验对新农村建设的启示

台湾休闲农业,作为一种新型农业经营模式,自20世纪70年代末诞生以来,成功推动了台湾农业产业结构的调整,大大提高了农业效益,实现了经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的良性循环。目前,中国大陆也处在相似的历史发展阶段,面临相似的农业发展问题。台湾休闲农业的发展,是否有利于当前大陆推进的新农村建设,成为我们本次研究的主题。通过参阅相关文献资料,采用比较研究的方法,科学分析了台湾休闲农业的典型模式,优秀的管理理念以及大陆相似产业面临的发展困境。根据大陆农业发展的国情,我们认识到:休闲农业是一种理想的农业转型模式。其成功的关键在于强调农业资源的特色。在新农村建设的过程中,科学推广休闲农业,必将有助于实现人与自然,人与社会,城市与乡村的和谐发展。     

树立正确的农民利益观探讨

“三农”问题错综复杂,已经对中国全面建设小康社会和实现现代化形成“瓶颈”性制约。但其无论如何复杂,怎么变换,都离不开农民利益这个核心问题。关键是要坚持以人为本的科学发展观和统筹城乡发展的指导思想,充分认识农民利益的重要意义,树立综合全面的、整体协调的、区别对待的、脚踏实地的、可持续发展的、客观公正的、有制度保障的农民利益观,才能够实现好、维护好、发展好农民利益,从而推动“三农”问题的根本解决。     

信阳市农村体育的现状及对策

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、访问调查法等,对信阳市所属10个区县进行调查研究。在正确认识和客观评价信阳市农村体育发展现状的基础上,总结其特征,并提出信阳市农村体育发展的对策,以期为我国全民健身计划在其他地区的实施和农村体育事业的发展提供借鉴和参考。