农作物病害图像处理中模糊边缘检测算法的应用

为了提高边缘检测算法的效率和精细度,对Pal.King模糊边缘检测算法进行分析,提出了一种新的模糊边缘检测算法。该算法重新定义了隶属度函数,简化了复杂的变换运算,而且提出了确定模糊增强变换中最佳隶属度阈值的算法。仿真结果表明,该算法提高了整个图像识别系统的效率,而且提取的边缘比较精细。通过对PalKing算法的分析,提出的新算法弥补了PalKing算法的不足,并且具有较好的边缘检测及轮廓提取效果。     

Structure of Closed Sets in Fuzzy Matroid

The authors study the properties and structures of fuzzy closed sets and fuzzy hyperplanes.The relationship between the closed set and it's derived matroid's closed set;The intersection of all hyperplanes in matroids is the smallest closed set and its rank is zero;The intersection of all fuzzy hyperplanes in fuzzy matroids is the smallest closed set and its rank is zero;The characteristics of structures of fuzzy closed sets is showed in using mathematical induction;a necessary and sufficient condition has been found in judging whether a fuzzy set is closed or not.     

玉米抗粗缩病病毒(MRDV)基因的RAPD标记及其辅助选择效果研究

本研究以3个高抗粗缩病的玉米自交系(P138、齐319、 H21)和3个感病玉米自交系(478、 107、 Mo17)以及杂交组合P138×478为材料, 寻找与玉米粗缩病(MRDV)基因紧密连锁的分子标记, 并对其辅助选择效果进行了初步探讨. 结果表明: 引物S37所扩增的多态性片段S37+2000和S86所扩增的多态性片段S86-1300与MRDV抗性基因相连锁, S37+20     

坚持技术创新加速油菜生产机械化成套装备的研发

我国是世界最大的油菜生产国,油菜种植面积和产量占世界的1/3。然而,我国的油菜生产机械化水平却很落后。本文通过从国内外油菜生产技术现状分析入手,介绍了上海市油菜生产机械化技术的研究和开发过程,并重点论述了油菜生产机械化成套装备的技术突破与创新点。     

基于改进粒子群优化BP网络的发动机故障诊断方法

使用BP神经网络进行故障诊断过程中,随着输入变量的增加会造成维数灾难,导致训练效率不高,而且易陷入局部极小的问题。基于粗糙集的约简是常用的降低维数的方法,但约简是NP问题,随着信息量增多计算量会随之剧增;本文采用基于属性重要度的启发式值约简算法进行属性约简,建立了一种模糊信息知识发现方法结合粒子群优化BP网络的故障诊断方法。通过实验表明此方法不仅能有效获取规则,降低网络的输入维数,还能有效避免陷入局部极小,从而提高故障诊断的效率。     

求取故障树最小割集的新算法

本文提出一种采用微机直接求取故障树最小割集的新算法。该法程序实现简洁，与常用的Fussell算法比较，可成倍地提高计算速度，节省内存。     

农业信息数据挖掘的粗糙集方法研究与实例

我国是个农业大国,农业数据量极大,手工处理工作量大且不准确。本文研究了将粗糙集理论运用于农业数据挖掘的计算机处理方法,提出了基于粗糙集理论的农业数据挖掘的基本算法和模型,并通过实例对其进行了验证。     

Specificity and selectivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal polymerase chain reaction primers in soil samples by clone library analyses

An open question with regard to the community ecology of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) concerns how to best amplify AMF in the soil, which contains a large proportion of DNA from AM extra-radical mycelium and spores. However, to date, a direct comparison of AMF primers for soil samples, which would systematically assess their amplification efficiency, is still missing. In our present study, we compared and characterized four widely used primer sets targeting AMF 18S rDNA or SSU-ITS-LSU rDNA from three soil samples as follows: (1) SSUmAf/LSUmAr?+?SSUmCf/LSUmBr, (2) GeoA2/Geo11?+?NS31/AM1, (3) AML1/AML2?+?NS31/AM1 and (4) AMV4.5NF/AMDGR. These primer sets were compared in terms of the proportion of Glomeromycota detected, AMF diversity and community composition. Our data revealed that the newly combined primer set 3 was the most suitable one for amplifying AMF from soil samples. It yielded the highest AMF alpha diversity, and was very specific to Glomeromycota. Primer set 2 was unable to amplify Claroideoglomus from soil 1, which was the dominant AMF clade as proved by other three primer sets. Primer set 4 demonstrated its instability among different soil samples, since the proportion of AMF in total sequences varied from 5% to 83%. Although primer set 1 showed the highest proportion of AMF (95–100%) in the soil samples, it captured the lowest AMF diversity, and the operational taxonomic units obtained by this primer set were only 36.4% of that by primer set 4. Taken together, our data suggested that AMF diversity in soil samples could be underestimated by primer set 1, 2 and 4. Our result confirmed the important role of the choice of AMF primers for analyzing AMF communities in soil and explored the most suitable one for amplifying AMF from soil samples.     

核桃加工工艺及成套设备

国内市场对核桃及其加工品的需求日益增长,但是我国核桃采后处理技术比较落后,在核桃脱青皮、破壳、壳仁分离等加工关键环节和设备成套性方面处于空白.为提高我国核桃产业化加工技术水平,实现核桃生产的商品化,介绍了美国和我国核桃生产和加工的现状,分析了美国核桃加工工艺和成套设备,并针对关键加工设备的结构和工作原理进行探讨研究,基本摸索出了美国核桃加工工艺和设备布局的总体方案.结合我国核桃生产实际情况,设汁出适合我国中小型核桃加工厂的加工工艺和成套设备.     

装备封闭式吸水罐的泵站水力学特性

针对吉林省某高扬程调水泵站进行了CFD数值计算.在网格无关性检查的基础上,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法,对单泵运行、2台泵和3台泵同时运行的不同工况进行计算.从水力损失、流线图、流速分布均匀度和速度加权平均角度等方面对比分析了这些工况的水力损失和内部流场的差异.研究结果表明,边机组在吸水罐内没有正对喇叭管的旋涡,对应的吸水管内流线较为光顺,未发生“S”型扭曲.对于单泵或多泵组合运行,边机组和边机组组合运行时的流速分布均匀度和速度加权平均角度最高,比中间机组和中间机组组合运行时的分别平均高1.8%,5.602°.因此,装备封闭式吸水罐的泵站,中间机组的流态较边机组恶劣,而边机组的流态反而较好.这一结论与常规开敞式泵站恰好相反.针对这类泵站,若需要单泵或者是2台泵运行时,建议优先考虑1台边机组或2台边机组组合的运行方式.