Effects of Polysaccharides from Pulsatilla Decoction on the Microvascular Endothelial Glycocalyx

Pulsatilla decoction is a famous traditional Chinese herbal formula for clearing heat and treating dysentery of animals or human. To elucidate its mechanism, many active components have been studied, however, the roles of its polysaccharides still remain unclear. This study aimed to explore effects of polysaccharides from Pulsatilla decoction （PPD） on the microvascular endothelial glycocalyx （eGC）. The polysaccharides were extracted from PPD by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. Mice were administered with PPD for 4 wk, and were then anesthetized with ether inhalation and were ifxed by cardiac perfusion with gradient concentration alcian blue solution. The jejunum was sampled and jejunal mucosa was prepared for ultrathin sections by routine method and was analyzed by transmission electron microscope. The results indicated that the eGC was observed as a strong electron-dense smooth linear margin or nonuniform conglomerates coating cell membranes, and PPD signiifcantly increased its thickness from （21.85±1.87） to （28.71±3.61） nm and improved its integrity. This study suggested that PPD may express their biological activities and protect against pathogenic factor damages by inlfuencing the eGC.     

Effect of Xuefuzhuyu decoction on cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To observe the pathologic changes of cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic rats and the therapeutic effect of Xuefuzhuyu decoction.METHODS: The diabetic model was established by feeding the animals with high-fat diet and injecting a middle dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally in 42 Wistar male rats. After 8 weeks, the damage of the heart in the model animals was detected by electrocardiogram and echocardiography, and the serum level of glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride were determined by the methods of clinical chemistry. The content of collagen was quantified by Masson staining. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was measured by TUNEL apoptosis kit. The structures of myocardial damage were observed under light and electronic microscopes.RESULTS: (1) Compared with normal group at the same time points, the contents of serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol in model group increased (P<0.05). At the 11th and 14th weeks, the thickness of LVDS was significantly increased (P<0.01), the structure of myocardial tissues was severely damaged and collagen fiber content increased obviously (P<0.01). The cell apoptosis was also increased. (2) Compared with control group at the same time points, the contents of serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride in Xuefuzhuyu decoction group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The thickness of LVDS at the 11th and 14th weeks was decreased (P<0.05) and LVM at the 14th week became significantly thinner (P<0.01). The damage of the myocardium and subcellular structure was slighter and the content of collagen was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The cell apoptosis was also attenuated.CONCLUSION: The levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride and the content of collagen fibers increase when diabetic cardiomyopathy develops, with more cell apoptosis and severe damage in the cardiac structure. Xuefuzhuyu decoction decreases the level of blood lipid in diabetic cardiomyopathy, alleviates the pathological changes of myocardial fibrosis and delays the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy.     

提取方法对大黄蒽醌类成分及抗氧化活性的影响

[目的]比较提取方法对大黄蒽醌类成分和抗氧化活性的影响。[方法]采用超声及回流、索氏、微波4种提取方法,测定游离蒽醌和总蒽醌的量,并采用DPPHF、RAP 2种方法测定抗氧化活性,分析蒽醌类成分和抗氧化活性之间的关系。[结果]游离蒽醌的测定中,超声为最高(0.949%),与其他方法相比差异显著(P<0.05);总蒽醌的测定中,亦以超声为最高(1.017%),与微波、回流相比差异显著(P<0.05);抗氧化活性测定发现,以回流抗氧化能力和清除自由基能力最强,FRAP值为199,DPPH值达51%,与超声和索氏的相比差异显著(P<0.05);相关性分析发现,总蒽醌含量与FRAP值和DPPH值负相关,相关系数分别为-0.9563和-0.9523。[结论]显示不同提取方法影响大黄蒽醌类成分和抗氧化活性,总蒽醌含量和抗氧化活性负相关。     

菜用大黄的研究进展

菜用大黄是一种特色保健蔬菜,以营养价值高、保健功能强、风味独特而被誉为"新兴特色蔬菜",具有广阔的开发利用前景.从起源、分类、繁殖、营养价值与经济效益等方面综述了菜用大黄的国内外研究现状,并讨论了菜用大黄的开发利用前景.     

白头翁汤对大肠杆菌造模腹泻小鼠血清和小肠组织中MPO含量的影响

使用致病性大肠杆菌O101经腹腔注射感染小鼠建立腹泻模型,4h后给予不同剂量白头翁汤灌胃治疗,治疗3d后,小鼠禁食不禁水12h后采样测定血清和小肠组织中MPO含量。模型组小鼠血清中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量升高,与空白组比较差异极显著(P<0.01),小肠组织匀浆液中MPO含量升高,与空白组比较差异显著(P<0.05);白头翁汤治疗组血清MPO含量均降低,与模型组比较差异极显著(P<0.01),白头翁汤治疗组小肠组织MPO含量降低,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。白头翁汤能降低致病性大肠杆菌诱发的腹泻小鼠血清和小肠组织中MPO含量,提示其能够抑制细菌性腹泻早期炎性细胞在小肠组织的浸润。     

芍药甘草汤联合西药治疗卒中后肌痉挛的疗效研究

目的 研究芍药甘草汤联合西药治疗卒中后肌痉挛的疗效。方法 选取我院近年78例卒中后肌痉挛患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,两组均采取主被动训练的基础干预,对照组口服巴氯芬,观察组另加用芍药甘草汤治疗,两组均持续治疗1月,比较两组治疗前、后改良Ashworth肌张力分级情况,并检测治疗前、治疗后1周、治疗后1月脑内神经递质指标表达,包括肾上腺素（NE）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、谷氨酸（Glu）、甘氨酸（Gly）、天门冬氨酸（ASP）差异。结果 治疗后两组均有向低级别偏移趋势,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,组间比较观察组肌张力分级分布与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组治疗后1周NE、Asp、Glu显著高于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;观察组治疗后1月5-HT、NE、Asp、Glu均显著高于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）,Gly、GABA显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。结论 芍药甘草汤联合西药治疗卒中后肌痉挛具有满意疗效,其疗效机制与调控脑内神经递质水平有关。     

肝毒蠲汤抗大鼠四氯化碳肝损伤的实验研究

目的 :观察肝毒蠲汤对四氯化碳 (CCl4 )所致大鼠急性肝损伤的防治作用。方法 :48只大鼠随机分为 6组 :正常对照组 ,肝损伤模型组 ,联苯双酯组和肝毒蠲低、中、高剂量组。除正常对照组外 ,其余各组用 CCl4 造成大鼠急性实验性肝损伤 ;模型组给予生理盐水 ,其余 4组分别给予联苯双酯和肝毒蠲低、中、高剂量 ,共治疗 14 d。实验结束后 ,检测各组大鼠的血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (AL T)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST)含量 ,并取肝脏作病理组织检查。结果 :肝毒蠲高、中、低剂量组血清 ALT、AST水平均较模型组明显降低 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,且肝毒蠲高剂量组降酶作用较低剂量组明显 (P<0 .0 0 1)。经肝毒蠲处理组大鼠肝组织基本结构未发生明显改变 ,肝细胞脂肪变性及炎症细胞浸润均较模型组明显减少。结论 :肝毒蠲能显著降低 CCl4 所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清 ALT、AST水平 ,对 CCl4 所致大鼠的肝损伤具有显著的防治作用。     

加减藿朴夏苓汤配合胃动力仪治疗功能性消化不良脾胃湿热证疗效观察

目的 观察加减藿朴夏苓汤配合胃动力仪治疗功能性消化不良脾胃湿热证患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法 将71例功能性消化不良脾胃湿热证患者按照随机数字表法分为综合治疗组（简称综合组）31例、中药治疗组（简称中药组）及西药治疗组（简称西药组）各20例。综合组予加减藿朴夏苓汤口服,配合胃动力治疗仪治疗;中药组予加减藿朴夏苓汤口服;西药组予盐酸伊托必利片、泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊口服,3组疗程均为2周。治疗结束后对疾病疗效、中医证候积分变化、VAS评分及不良反应进行统计分析。结果 综合组总有效率为96.8%,优于中药组的80.0%及西药组的75.0%（P<0.05）。3组治疗后中医证候总积分及上腹疼痛VAS评分较治疗前均明显降低（P<0.05）,且综合组降低更为显著（P<0.05）。综合组及中药组未出现明显的不良反应。结论 加减藿朴夏苓汤配合胃动力仪治疗功能性消化不良脾胃湿热证患者疗效优于单纯中药或西药治疗,能有效缓解临床症状,安全无副作用,值得临床推广。