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杨洋 《农业科研经济管理》2019,(3):9-12
距离2020年实现全面小康社会的时间越来越近,全国扶贫进入攻坚期,总结前一阶段的经验,更有效地开展精准扶贫,成为目前面临的重要问题。中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所作为农业领域国家级科研事业单位,多年来凭借自身科研与人才优势,在各地开展科技扶贫,文章尝试结合实际开展的扶贫工作,浅谈产业扶贫及科技扶贫的经验与面临的问题,希望为有效开展精准扶贫提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Kamrai Woranoot Rattikarn Buaruang Kodchakorn Aranyakanon Kumrop Ratanasut Anupan Kongbangkerd Panatda Jannoey Pranee Nangngam Chonnanit Choopayak 《水稻科学》2019,26(5):290-299
Activators of sesquiterpene synthase (STS) gene expression and sesquiterpene production in Piper betle L. were examined using quantitative real time PCR and gas chromatography mass spectrometry methods, and the allelopathic activity of untreated and Fusarium solani-treated betel extracts was tested on seed germination and on the shoot and root growth of Thai rice variety PSL2 (Oryza sativa cv. Phitsanulok 2) and three dominant paddy weeds (Eclipta prostrata, Echinochloa crus-galli and Chloris barbata). The results demonstrated that F. solani dramatically upregulated STS expression and productions of β-cubebene, β-caryophyllene and germacrene D sesquiterpene when compared with the untreated control, and that betel extracts had a greater inhibitory effect on weeds than on rice. The effects were more clearly detected on seed germination and root growth than on shoot growth, and they were found to be dose-dependent. It is also noted that F. solani-treated extract had stronger effects than the untreated extract. The species most sensitive to the allelopathic effects was C. barbata, germination of which was completely inhibited even at a dose of 0.1 mg/mL untreated extract. With regards to rice, although betel extract at 1.0 mg/mL showed no inhibition on germination, it affected the elongation of rice roots, in addition to those of the tested weeds. The obtained data suggested that F. solani has potential as an activator of sesquiterpene allelochemical production via STS expression, the latter leading to the treated betel extract having a stronger phytotoxic effect. These results were beneficial in the promotion of natural herbicide production using biotechnology. 相似文献
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Integrated pest management (IPM) is facing both external and internal challenges. External challenges include increasing needs to manage pests (pathogens, animal pests and weeds) due to climate change, evolution of pesticide resistance as well as virulence matching host resistance. The complexity of designing effective pest management strategies, which rely less heavily on the use of conventional pesticides, is another external challenge. Internal challenges include organizational aspects such as decreasing trend in budget allocated to IPM research, increasing scarcity of human expertise, lack of knowledge transfer into practice and the communication gap both at country level and between countries, and lack of multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary IPM research. There is an increasing awareness that trans-national networking is one means to overcome such challenges and to address common priorities in agriculture. A large number of stakeholders (researchers, policy makers, growers and industries) are involved in the sector of crop protection, which needs to be coordinated through effective communications and dynamic collaboration to make any IPM strategy successful. Here we discuss a decade-long IPM networking experiences in Europe emphasizing how IPM research, implementation and adoption in Europe may benefit from a broader level networking. 相似文献
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吉林省长白森林经营局发展的几点经验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实施天然林保护工程后,木材产量的大幅度调减给企业带来了巨大的生存压力。在此压力下,吉林省长白森林经营局立足本地实际,充分发挥自然资源优势,选择优势项目进行综合开发,大力发展非林经济。通过关停和出售亏损企业等措施,减轻企业负担,积累企业资金。经过十年的努力,使企业逐步发展成为一个拥有林业、水利电力业和医药业的综合性地方森工企业。 相似文献
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In recent years, the great achievements of basic medical and healthcare services of BRICS have gained great attention and acknowledgement from the whole world. In their medical system reform, India, Br... 相似文献
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食用菌产品线下体验线上销售新模式应用探究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于O2O与电子商务的理论背景,分析了线下体验线上销售模式应用于食用菌产品运营中的可行性,运用SWOT方法分析了该方法的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,构建了食用菌产品线下体验线上销售平台,并从财务成本管理的角度对该模式的成本与盈利进行了简要分析。结果表明,线下体验线上销售模式的应用会使得企业内部成本控制得到进一步优化,能降低促销成本,改变企业的分销战略,增加企业的营业外收入,降低交易成本。 相似文献
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