郏县红牛POLB基因克隆及生物信息学分析

【目的】克隆郏县红牛DNA聚合酶β(DNA polymerase beta, POLB)基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析。【方法】以郏县红牛肌肉组织cDNA为模板,通过PCR方法克隆POLB基因完整CDS区序列;利用在线软件进行遗传距离分析并构建系统进化树,分析POLB蛋白的理化性质、疏水性、磷酸化位点、跨膜结构、信号肽、二级结构、三级结构和互作蛋白。【结果】郏县红牛POLB基因CDS区序列全长1 008 bp,编码335个氨基酸。系统进化树分析表明,郏县红牛POLB基因氨基酸序列与绵羊等反刍动物的亲缘关系最近,与其他哺乳类动物和禽类次之,与斑马鱼(鱼类)最远。郏县红牛POLB蛋白分子质量为38.26 ku,理论等电点(pI)为9.10,半衰期为30 h,不稳定系数为31.06,总平均亲水系数为-0.659,属于稳定的亲水性蛋白;磷酸化位点预测分析发现,郏县红牛POLB蛋白包含17个丝氨酸磷酸化位点、12个苏氨酸磷酸化位点和4个酪氨酸磷酸化位点;跨膜区和信号肽预测结果显示,郏县红牛POLB蛋白不属于跨膜蛋白和分泌型蛋白;二级结构和三级结构预测发现,其主要包含α-螺旋、β-转角、延伸链和无...     

红壤旱地施用保水剂和稻草覆盖对花生生长和产量的效应

在江西丘陵红壤坡地上进行的试验结果表明:施用保水剂和稻草覆盖均可促进花生的生长发育,明显提高花生的产量,但对花生的出苗率影响不大.施用保水剂、覆盖稻草以及两者叠加处理分别比空白对照增加花生产量26.6%、7.69%和29.1%,其中以单施保水剂处理的经济效益最佳,比对照增加纯收入6330.60元/hm2.     

ICP-MS测定区域地球化探样品中稀土元素的研究

[目的]为了提高化探样品的分析质量和分析速度.[方法]通过1/5万区域地质矿产调查项目,在青海东部地区发现土壤中含有稀土元素.稀土就是化学元素周期表中镧系元素-镧（La）、铈（Ce）、镨（Pr）、钕（Nd）、钷（Pm）、钐（Sm）、铕（Eu）、钆（Gd）、铽（Tb）、镝（Dy）、钬（Ho）、铒（Er）、铥（Tm）、镱（Yb）、镥（Lu）,以及与镧系的15个元素密切相关的2个元素-钪（Sc）和钇（Y）,共17种元素.采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）,测试化探样品中的稀土元素.[结果]按照该研究分析方法测定稀土15种元素的结果令人满意.[结论]该方法具有操作简便、准确性良好的特点,适用于区域地球化探样品的分析测试.     

滨海盐渍土非饱和土壤水扩散率的研究

本试验采用水平土柱法对三种滨海盐渍土的非饱和土壤水扩散率进行的研究结果表明:三种土壤的非饱和土壤水扩散率变化于0.14～117.32cm~2·min~(-1)之间,比非饱和土壤的离子扩散率大几个数量级;非饱和土壤水扩散率随土壤含水量的增加而升高,符合 D(θ)=ae~(bθ)经验公式;含水量与 Boltzmann 变换参数λ之间的关系为(λ)随含水量的下降而降低;在质地相同的情况下,土壤容重和土壤孔隙度均对非饱和土壤水扩散率有很大的影响,但土壤盐分浓度在含水量达0.2cm~3·cm~(-3)以上时对非饱和土壤水扩散率影响不大。     

提高套袋红富士苹果成果率的技术

套袋是当前生产优质高档苹果的重要措施,然而一些潜在病虫害伴随着套袋而加重发生,导致套袋红富士苹果成果率普遍较低。针对影响套袋成果率的主要因素,结合近几年的实践经验,我们提出了"三选、一紧、三推迟"的措施。     

草原红牛肉用性状微卫星标记研究

本研究选用草原红牛、草原红牛与利木赞牛杂交后代共计42头作为试验牛群体，以体尺、体重作为衡量其生长发育指标，进行肉牛肌肉度线性评分，并屠宰测定其肉用性能，利用SPSS软件分析了3个微卫星位点基因标记与生长性状、屠宰肉用、肌肉度线性评分性状的关系。结果表明，IDVGA46等位基因D（211bp）对3个肌肉度评分性状肩部、腰厚、大腿肌有负相关；等位基因B（205bp）在腰厚方面有正相关。等位基因F（249bp）对牛的胸深、坐骨端高等生长性状有正相关。BM1824等位基因C（211bp）对腿围性状、净肉率和净肉重性状均有正相关。IDVGA2等位基因C（209bp）对牛的肉用性能有负相关。     

Changes in the distributions of freshwater mussels (Unionoida: Hyriidae) in coastal south‐eastern Australia and implications for their conservation status

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The fatty acid profiles and energetic substrates of two Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus,Linnaeus) strains,Red‐Stirling and Chitralada,and their hybrid

Protein and lipid content as well as the fatty acid (FA) composition of storage tissues were analysed in two varieties of Oreochromis niloticus (Red‐Stirling and Chitralada) and their hybrid. The animals were maintained in cages for 11 months. The samples were taken when the animals weighed 10, 50, 100, 250 and 500 g. The results showed that changes in the metabolic processes occur during an increase in body mass in both varieties of tilapia and also their hybrid, but that these differences are not found in animals collected at the commercial weight. The protein content of the fillet and liver decreased with growth and the same protein content associated with growth was found for fillet lipid content. The genetic variety did not influence the FA profile of the fillet, but different genotypes had different hepatic FA compositions. Even with the same lipid content, the hepatocytes of Chitralada accumulated higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n6 in triglycerides and increased C22:6n3 in the hepatocyte membranes. The higher n6PUFA content was compensated by a lower fraction of saturated FA in the hepatocyte triglycerides. The skin of Chitralada also had higher n6PUFA and C22:6n3 contents, suggesting a higher ability to deposit PUFA in the skin due to alterations in the liver synthetic pathway.     

Feasibility of using rare earth elements (REEs) to mark and identify escaped farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

A series of rare earth elements (REEs) were evaluated as potential markers in scales of Atlantic salmon 1⁺ and 0⁺ smolt by addition of these elements to the feed. Chlorides of 5 REEs were tested, alone or in combination: lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd) and dysprosium (Dy). The labelled‐diets contained 125 or 250 mg REE kg^?1 feed and were administered for up to 10 weeks. Fish scales were collected and analysed by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) before start, 5 and 10 weeks after labelling started and finally 2 or 4 months after marking. The results demonstrated that the five tested elements were clearly incorporated into the scales of the fish fed the supplemented diets. Uptake and concentrations increased gradually during the feeding period, and no principal differences were found between the two smolt types. Combining 2 REEs in the same feed did not affect the incorporation of either of them. After a ‘dilution’‐period of 2–4 months the concentrations of all markers (except La) in the scales of the treated‐fish were still significantly higher than those of the untreated‐fish. The background concentrations of the tested markers and some other elements were also measured and found to give interesting information.     

青岛近海赤潮灾害分级与时空分布及赤潮生物的变化

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