福建省林木良种繁育概况及今后工作设想

本文介绍了福建省林木种质资源的收集保存、研究利用，优良家系选育，树种内种源研究，高世代种子园研究，乡土树种栽培驯化，外来树种引种，提高种子园种子产量所采取的措施，无性繁殖技术等林木良种繁育概况；并就林木育种工作存在的问题及今后工作设想提出建设性意见。     

西藏阿里地区家畜良种繁育体系建设

在西藏阿里地区畜牧业生产考察的基础上，对家畜繁育现状及存在问题进行了分析。根据繁育体系建设原则及切实可行的技术路线，提出了西藏阿里地区繁育体系建设的目标及内容，并对繁育体系的建设进行了经济效益、生态效益及社会效益分析。针对繁育体系的建设，提出了切实有效的建议。     

Relating Kirtland's warbler population to changing landscape composition and structure

The population of male Kirtland's warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii) in the breeding season has averaged 206 from 1971 to 1987. The Kirtland's warbler occupies dense jack pine (Pinus banksiana) barrens from 5 to 23 years old and from 1.4 to 5.0 m high, formerly of wildfire origin. In 1984, 73% of the males censused were found in habitat naturally regenerated from wildfire or prescribed burning. The rest were in plantations (11%) or in harvested, unburned jack pine stands stocked by natural regeneration (16%). Twenty-two percent (630 of 2,886) of the Kirtland's warbler males counted in the annual censuses from 1971 through 1984 were found in 26 stands that were unburned and naturally regenerated following harvest. From 1982 to 1987, suitable regenerating areas were barely sufficient to replace currently occupied maturing stands, so population growth was impeded. Ecosystems of suitable size and regeneration characteristics (wildfire and plantation) doubled in area by 1989. In response, the population of Kirtland's warblers increased from 167 to 398 males between 1987 and 1992, but they withdrew almost entirely from the unburned, unplanted barrens by 1989 when the area of more suitable regeneration types increased. Minimum (368 males) and maximum (542 males) population estimates for 1996 were calculated based on 1984 average density (1.9 males per 40 ha) and peak population in burns (2.8 males per 40 ha).     

灌水量对不同类型晚稻生育及产量影响的初步研究

采取盆栽遮雨人工定量灌水的方法,探讨了常规晚稻和杂交晚稻前后两大生育时期不同灌水量对生育和产量的影响.结果表明:两类型晚稻品种前后两个生育时期节水灌溉都能达到高产之目的,但不同类型和不同生育时期的最佳灌水量和节水效果不同.     

棉花混选-混交育种体系遗传改良效应研究——Ⅰ.主要育种目标性状的响应

研究了陆地棉主要性状对混选—混交育种体系的响应。两轮群体提高了产量、早熟性和降低了麦克隆值的平均数;扩大了纤维品质的变幅;增加了高产株率,但对改进抗枯黄萎病性不明显。一轮群体的效果低于二轮。两次混交扩大了产量和纤维品质的变幅,增加了正末端的个体频率。一次混交的作用不及两次。早代混选相对缩小了群体变幅。一次混交后再经两代开放授粉和对一轮群体再混选,均表现出有益的反响。     

Utilization of Aromatic Rice in Improving Grain Quality of Hybrid Rice

ThesuccessfuldevelopmentandcommercialuseofhybridricehasgreatlyraisedriceyieldlevelinChina .However ,ithasbeenagreatchallengeforbreederstoim provethegrainqualityofhybridricewithoutsacrificeofitsyield ,i.e .,todevelophybridricecombinationswithgoodgrainqualityaswellashighyield .AromaticricelikeBasmatiinIndiaandPakistanandJasmineinThailand ,isfamousforitshighqualityandu niquepleasantflavorofaroma ,soitishighlyfavoredbyriceconsumersaroundtheworld .Itmightbeaneffectiveapproachtoimprovethegrainqual…     

Artificial Insemination with Frozen Semen in Ewes at Different Times of the Breeding Season

Totally 13575 ewes of two different breeds, Dala and Spel, were inseminated with semen, frozen in straws and thawed at 70°C for 8 sec. An insemination dose of 0.2 ml containing approx. 150 × 10⁶ spermatozoa with at least 45 to 50% progressive motility was imerted 5 to 12 mm into the cervix. The insemination was performed once between 12 and 30 h after the onset of heat. The NR rate of the Dala ewes increased significantly during the season. The NR rate of the ewes inseminated before 15. November was 44.3%, from 15. to 20. November 52.2%. from 20. to 25. November 55.3% and from 25. November and later 61.4%. The corresponding values for the ewes of the Spel breed were 57.3, 58.7, 61.5 and 71.0% respectively, and only the difference between the two last values was statistically significant. The difference between the fertility of the two breeds was significant within each of the periods .     

香鱼人工育苗技术

根据作者多年来香鱼人工育苗的实践经验，总结了香鱼人工繁殖和苗种培育中关键性的技术。     

硝酸还原酶与氮素利用的关系及其在作物遗传育种中的应用(综述)

本文综述了硝酸还原酶与氮素利用的关系及其遗传特性和在作物育种中应用的某些最新进展。氮吸收、利用等性状的生理和遗传特性极其复杂,受环境影响很大,对其进行遗传改良需考虑多种指标。对硝酸还原酶活性(NRA)与品质性状和产量的关系的争论很多,有些研究表明 NRA 可作为品质、产量性状的选择指标,有些则相反。逆境条件下 NRA 的变化非常敏感,NRA 可能与抗逆性有关。     

陕北马海毛山羊选育方案

在分析陕北发展马海毛山羊的必要性与可能性的基础上,提出选育陕北马海毛山羊新品种的选育指标、杂交方案。计划从1988年开始,用安哥拉山羊为父本、陕北黑山羊为母本,采取级进杂交方式,开展大规模改良工作,要求在15～20年内选育出陕北马海毛山羊新品种,并提出相应的选种、饲养、管理、繁殖等一系到配套技术。