中药常山和赝品功劳木的鉴别

为了鉴别中药常山和赝品功劳木,从外观性状、荧光反应、薄层色谱和常山碱含量等方面对两种药材进行鉴别。结果表明,常山外观淡黄色、水煎液荧光反应呈天蓝色,TLC图谱中存在天蓝色斑点,常山碱含量为0．88％;而功劳木外观黄色,水煎液荧光反应呈黄色、TLC图谱中未出现天蓝色斑点,常山碱含量极低,仅为0．01％。本方法具有操作简便、结果准确的特点,为今后常山的鉴别和准确用药提供了参考。     

中药黄芪在家禽生产中的应用研究

文章概述了中药免疫增强剂黄芪在家禽生产中的应用现状,并对其作用机制进行阐述,为进一步深入研究指明方向。     

常山口服液抗鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫广东分离株的疗效研究

研究旨在明确常山口服液治疗鸡球虫病的疗效和最佳给药剂量。试验选取90只14日龄健康雏鸡,随机分为9组,每组10只,即常山口服液组(分别为2.5、5.0、15.0、25.0、35.0、50.0 m L/L水剂量)、妥曲珠利组(1 m L/L水)、感染对照组和健康对照组。除健康对照组外,每只鸡接种7×104个柔嫩艾美耳球虫广东分离株的孢子化卵囊,饮水给药7 d,观察其疗效。结果显示,常山口服液各剂量组其盲肠和十二指肠的肿胀现象较感染对照组明显减轻,血液性内容物明显减少,抗球虫指数(ACI)分别为87.7、136.2、141.8、136.2、109.7和108.0,均高于感染对照组;常山口服液按5.0、15.0及25.0 m L/L水剂量给药,抗球虫指数均高于对照药物妥曲珠利组(ACI=124.8)。结果表明,人工感染条件下,常山口服液较化学药物妥曲珠利具有更好的抗球虫疗效,且作为中药提取物,疗效对比试验效果较为理想。     

乳酸菌―芽孢菌发酵黄芪对小鼠免疫功能作用的研究简

试验旨在探讨乳酸菌―芽孢菌发酵黄芪对小鼠免疫功能的影响。将84只小鼠分成6组,每组14只,分别为生理盐水组（阴性对照组）、未发酵黄芪组（阳性对照组,黄芪生药浓度为150 mg/mL）、试验Ⅰ组（黄芪生药浓度为60 mg/mL）、试验Ⅱ组（黄芪生药浓度为90 mg/mL）、试验Ⅲ组（黄芪生药浓度为120 mg/mL）、试验Ⅳ组（黄芪生药浓度为150 mg/mL）。小鼠采用灌胃方式给药30 d,最后处死小鼠测定其体重、免疫器官（胸腺和脾脏）系数、免疫因子（IgG、IL-6、sIgA）。结果显示,给药30 d后,试验组小鼠体重明显升高;试验Ⅰ组免疫器官系数极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）;试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组免疫因子IgG和sIgA均极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。由此可知,乳酸菌―芽孢菌发酵黄芪对小鼠的免疫功能有很好的促进作用。     

葛根水煎液对未性成熟小白鼠子宫和卵巢组织形态结构的影响

选取21日龄的未性成熟雌小白鼠14只,体重为19.13±2.23 g,各窝随机分为对照组和实验组.给实验组灌胃葛根水煎液0.25 ml,相当于每毫升含生药0.5 g;对照组灌胃蒸馏水0.25 ml ,其他条件均一致.每组每天灌药或蒸馏水一次,连续16 d,停药后切断颈动脉将小白鼠处死,剖腹取出子宫、卵巢并称重.结果证明,葛根水煎液对小白鼠的体重没有明显的增重作用,但对小白鼠子宫、卵巢有一定的增重作用.在组织形态学上,葛根水煎液对小白鼠的子宫腺体数量和卵巢的卵泡数量有明显增多作用.结果表明,葛根能促进未性成熟小白鼠的子宫、卵巢的发育.     

葛根高产高效栽培技术

根据多年种植葛根的生产实践,总结其主要生物学特性及高产高效栽培技术。     

中药材板蓝根栽培技术及种植效益

介绍了中药材板蓝根的栽培技术,种植板蓝根经济效益好,每公顷可收益75180元。板蓝根的种植可增加农民收入,是一成本低、见效快的产业。     

Ultra-performance liquid-chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry performing pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies of croomine,neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine alkaloids absorbed in the rat plasma after oral administration of Stemonae Radix

Stemonae Radix (Stemona tuberosa Lour, Bai Bu) is an important traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plant known for its antitussive activity. Croomine, neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine alkaloids of Stemonae Radix are major components responsible for antitussive action. In this work, plasma pharmacokinetic and biodistribution characteristics of the three alkaloids after oral administration of Stemonae Radix are investigated using a rapid and sensitive UPLC-Q-TOF–HDMS method. Mass spectrometry (MS) was performed on a Waters Micromass high-definition technology with an electrospray ionization source in positive ion mode, with excellent MS mass accuracy and enhanced MS data acquisition. Separation of main alkaloids was achieved on a Waters BEH C₁₈ column by linear gradient elution. Data were analyzed and estimated by compartmental methods and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated using WinNonlin Professional version 5.1. It was found that croomine, neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine had faster absorbed into the bloodstream, maintain the high plasma concentration, and pose a large AUC value. The biodistribution of neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine showed that the higher levels were in liver, and lung. Croomine was discovered in brain and showed that it could cross the blood–brain barrier, indicating that croomine plays an antitussive effect as acting on the central nervous system. Neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine were not discovered in brain, demonstrating that they play an antitussive effect as peripheral antitussive. This work suggests that the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution based-UPLC-Q-TOF–HDMS can provide a reliable tools for screening bioactive components contributing to pharmacological effects of medicinal herbs.     

甘肃岷县不同海拔栽培当归多糖含量比较研究

目的：对甘肃岷县不同海拔区域栽培当归多糖含量进行测定,探索当归多糖含量与栽培区域海拔之间的关系。方法：加热回流提取当归多糖,苯酚-浓硫酸法比色,在490 nm处以紫外分光光度法测定其吸光度,对照标准曲线计算样品多糖含量。结果：当归多糖在2 300-2 900 m区域内随海拔升高含量逐渐增高,在海拔2 900-3 100 m区域内随海拔升高含量逐渐下降,其中2 600-2 900 m海拔区域栽培当归样品多糖含量明显高于其他海拔区域当归多糖含量。结论：本研究探讨了当归多糖含量随栽培区域海拔的变化规律,对当归最适栽培区域的选择具有一定参考价值。     

白头翁复方口服液药效学研究

[目的]研究白头翁、黄连、大青叶等复方药效学作用.[方法]白头翁复方口服液体外大肠杆菌抑菌杀菌试验、大鼠足跖肿胀法抗炎试验、小鼠番泻叶法止泻试验和小鼠冰醋酸法镇痛试验.[结果]白头翁复方口服液最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)1×2-3,生药含量为125 mg/mL;最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC)1×2-2,生药含量为250 mg/mL;对二甲苯刺激导致的大鼠炎性反应有抗炎作用,剂量为1.5 g/kg·bw;连续饲喂小鼠3d,剂量为0.75、1.5 g/kg· bw时对番泻叶造成的小鼠腹泻有治疗作用;剂量为0.75、1.5、3.0 g/kg· bw,对冰醋酸造成的小鼠腹痛有止痛效果.[结论]白头翁复方口服液具有明显的抗菌、抗炎、止泻与镇痛作用.