粤引大脆蜜青枣的ISSR分子标记鉴定分析

使用ISSR分子标记技术对粤引大脆蜜等10个青枣品种进行基凶组DNA多态性分析,结果表明:粤引大脆蜜是一个新的种质类型,不存在同物异名现象;但青枣种质资源之间的遗传多样性较低;ISSR分子标记技术适用于青枣品种的鉴定及亲缘关系的分析.     

基于表型和SRAP 标记的切花菊品种遗传多样性分析

 利用45 个表型性状和SRAP 标记分析56 个切花菊品种的遗传多样性。表型变异分析结果 表明：21 个性状表现出品种内一致性高及品种间特异性强;主成分分析发现,主成分贡献值较大的性状 有花序直径、花序类型和瓣型等花部性状,其次是叶部和茎杆性状,说明所选用的切花菊品种在分类时 应以花部性状为主,叶部和茎杆性状为辅;表型性状基于遗传距离UPGMA 聚类,将56 个切花菊品种分 为平瓣类、匙瓣类、桂瓣类、匙瓣-平瓣类和管瓣类,聚类结果大致按照花径-瓣型-花型分类。14 对 SRAP 引物组合扩增56 个切花菊品种的DNA,共扩增出454 条带,其中多态性带423 条,占扩增带数的 93.17%,多态性含量PIC 值在0.72 ~ 0.89 之间,平均为0.82,说明切花菊品种在分子水平上具有丰富的 遗传多样性。基于SRAP 标记的UPGMA 聚类分析显示：品种间遗传相似系数在0.64 ~ 0.97 之间,将56 个切花菊品种分为平瓣类-匙瓣、桂瓣类和管瓣类,聚类结果大致按照花径-瓣型-花型分类。Mantel 检验相关性系数为0.682,两种聚类结果有相似之处,均能很好体现试验切花菊品种间的遗传关系。     

利用CAPS标记辅助辣椒PVY抗性基因PVr4转育的研究

利用国外报道的与PVr4基因紧密连锁的CAPS标记,对辣椒抗PVY基因PVr4的转育进行了研究和探讨。采用与报道的相同抗源材料CdM334为回交的供体亲本,与5个自交系77013、75-7-3-1、83077、83078、83-163进行回交,在BC1代进行了分子标记的选择。从5个BC1群体75-7-3-1×(CdM334×75-7-3-1)、77013×(CdM334×77013)、83077×(CdM334×83077)、83078×(CdM334×83078)、83-163×(CdM334×83-163)中,分别检测出含有抗病连锁标记的单株21株、15株、10株、11株、12株。     

空间诱变后的水稻SSR标记变异特征研究

对经过卫星搭栽的水稻品种抗倒丝苗种子及后代进行了微卫星标记分析和有关性状研究.随机选用151对分布于水稻12条染色体上的微卫星引物对抗倒丝苗及其21个突变株系进行分子标记检测.结果发现突变株系与原种相比都存在多个标记座位的突变.突变标记座位的多少随突变系与原种间差异大小而变化.试验结果表明,空间诱变可使水稻的DNA分子在多个区段发生重复或缺失等结构性变异,从而使水稻的表型及生理指标发生变异.     

QTL mapping of seedling biomass and root traits under different nitrogen conditions in bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency in the seedling's root system are beneficial for adult plants in field condition for yield enhancement. Identification of the genetic basis between root traits and N uptake plays a crucial role in wheat breeding. In the present study, 198 doubled haploid lines from the cross of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 were used to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs) underpinning four seedling biomass traits and five root system architecture(RSA) related traits. The plants were grown under hydroponic conditions with control, low and high N treatments(Ca(NO_3)_2·4H_2 O at 0, 0.05 and 2.0 mmol L~(-1), respectively). Significant variations among the treatments and genotypes, and positive correlations between seedling biomass and RSA traits(r=0.20 to 0.98) were observed. Inclusive composite interval mapping based on a high-density map from the Wheat 660 K single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) array identified 51 QTLs from the three N treatments. Twelve new QTLs detected on chromosomes 1 AL(1) in the control, 1 DS(2) in high N treatment, 4 BL(5) in low and high N treatments, and 7 DS(3) and 7 DL(1) in low N treatments, are first reported in influencing the root and biomass related traits for N uptake. The most stable QTLs(RRS.caas-4 DS) on chromosome 4 DS, which were related to ratio of root to shoot dry weight trait, was in close proximity of the Rht-D1 gene, and it showed high phenotypic effects, explaining 13.1% of the phenotypic variance. Twenty-eight QTLs were clustered in 12 genetic regions. SNP markers tightly linked to two important QTLs clusters C10 and C11 on chromosomes 6 BL and 7 BL were converted to kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) assays that underpin important traits in root development, including root dry weight, root surface area and shoot dry weight. These QTLs, clusters and KASP assays can greatly improve the efficiency of selection for root traits in wheat breeding programmes.     

6个不同群体鳜基于SSR的遗传多样性初步研究

旨在了解不同群体鳜遗传多样性及种质资源现状,采用微卫星标记技术,对采自6个不同群体鳜96尾个体的遗传多样性进行了初步分析。结果表明,经筛选的10对引物在6个鳜群体中的平均等位基因数(Na)为2.2000~2.5000,期望杂合度(He)为0.6489~0.7289,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.5614~0.6409 (PIC大鱼0.5);群体遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.0606(0.05小鱼Fst小鱼0.15),平均基因流(Nm)为4.0151;检验表明,除高邮和靖江群体外,其他4个群 体均不同程 度地偏 离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,主要表现为杂合子缺失。构建的UPGMA聚类图显示,铜陵、安庆、太湖、高邮和靖江群体聚为一类,当涂群体聚为另一类。本研究表明6个鳜群体的遗传多样性较高,群体间遗传分化水平中等,群体间存在着一定的基因交流。     

A rapid real-time PCR assay for detecting columnar growth in apples (Malus × domestica)

Columnar growth in apples can have considerable positive consequences for orchard maintenance, but the lack of columnar cultivars producing fruits with desired market quality prevents their broader utilization in orchards. New crossings focused on their breeding are therefore conducted throughout the world every year. Unfortunately, the reliable discrimination between columnar growth and normal phenotype is difficult until seedlings are 2–3 years of age. However, molecular marker–assisted selection (MAS) can be used in seedlings several weeks old providing immense help in breeding programmes focused on columnar apple production. Here, we describe a rapid and reliable method for the detection of both wild-type (WT) and columnar (Co) alleles originating from ‘McIntosh Wijcik’ in a single reaction using a real-time PCR allelic discrimination approach. Our assay was tested in 130 genotypes (80 normal and 50 columnar habit) from various crossings and their parents, and in all cases, genotype corresponded to phenotype. The assay is thus suitable for laboratories interested in high-throughput MAS for columnar tree habit breeding.     

云南半细毛羊毛囊干细胞表面标记物的鉴定

设计8对引物（CK14、CK15、CK19、CD34、CD271、CD200、nestin和β1）,分别扩增云南半细毛羊成纤维细胞和毛囊干细胞表面标记物.结果表明：在成纤维细胞中CK19和β1表现为阳性,而在毛囊干细胞中CK14、CK19和β1表现为阳性,其他标记物的表达都为阴性.因此,CK14可以作为鉴定云南半细毛羊毛囊干细胞的表面标记物之一.     

Antimicrobial resistances,and molecular typing of Campylobacter jejuni isolates,separated from food-producing animals and diarrhea patients in Iran

The aims of this study were to regain new epidemiology information about frequency, drug resistance rates, and typing of Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) isolates, obtained from some poultry and cattle farms, slaughterhouses, and people with diarrhea. In this regard, Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of several antibiotics and the associated antibiotic resistance genes, including tetO, tetA, cmeB, and bla_OXA-61 were evaluated. The isolates were also typed, using the Fla-RFLP method. Generally, between 233 food animal samples, 80 (34.33%) C. jejuni were isolated. Moreover, 20 out of 74 (27%) human specimens suspected to infectious diarrhea were C. jejuni positive. High frequencies of resistance to tetracycline (100%), ciprofloxacin (95%), and nalidixic acid (86%), and low frequencies of resistance to florfenicol (0%), erythromycin (5%), and gentamicin (8%) were observed. Furthermore, in the tetracycline-resistant isolates, the existences of tetO, tetA, and cmeB were 86%, 23%, and 48%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the cluster types obtained from Fla-RFLP method and antibiotic resistance pattern. The results suggested that the genomic link between Campylobacter spp. should be always evaluated in each country to provide an insight about the Campylobacter spp., spread in the region, in order to implement the health-controlling programs efficiently.     

应用ISSR分子标记分析裸大麦的遗传多样性

为研究裸大麦的遗传多样性,利用筛选得到的16条ISSR引物对收集的国内外102份裸大麦材料和1份皮大麦材料进行了遗传多样性分析,并分析了裸大麦地理分布与遗传多样性的关系。结果表明,16条ISSR引物共扩增出133条条带,大小在100~2000bp。不同引物扩增的条带数在3?15条,平均每条引物扩增出8.31条,多态性条带为113条,多态性的平均百分率为85.1%,103份材料的遗传相似系数(GS)在0.2817~6,提示裸大麦的遗传多样性较高。利用NTsys 2.1软件进行聚类分析,103份材料分为四大类,第一大类只分布在中国青海,第二大类分布在亚洲、欧洲、北美洲和非洲,第三大类分布在亚洲、北美洲和南美洲,第四大类仅分布在亚洲和北美洲,表明亚洲,尤其中国地区具有较高的遗传多样性。裸大麦的遗传多样性与其地理来源的相关性,为进一步研究裸大麦尤其是青稞起源提供了参考。