基于Android人工影响天气智能终端的研制与应用

为了快速、准确地实现对人工影响天气作业的响应,建立了一种基于Android的智能移动作业终端系统,详细介绍了该系统的总体框架、主要功能、操作流程,并重点围绕基本指令信息收发、移动GIS平台应用、视频传输应用3个方面,分别就其中的一些关键技术点如自适应心跳包、矢量栅格数据的传输及显示、终端GIS坐标转换、视频编码器的裁剪和优化、流媒体传输优化及差错控制进行了阐述.初步试验结果表明,该系统的特点及优势均较明显.     

Effect of NOD8 on production of nitric oxide,IL-1β and TNF-α in LPS-treated macrophages

AIM: To investigate the effect of NOD8 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced releases of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in RAW264.7 cells. METHODS: The plasmids of pEGFP-C2 and pEGFP-NOD8 were transfected into RAW264.7 cells respectively. The transfected and non-transfected cells were stimulated by LPS for 0, 6, 12 and 24 h. NO production was evaluated by Griess reagent assay, and the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. The protein expression of NOD8 and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit were detected by Western blotting. The level of activated caspase-1 was determined by fluorimetric method. RESULTS: Compared with pEGFP-C2 group, the protein expression of NOD8 was significantly elevated in pEGFP-NOD8+LPS group. The releases of NO, IL-1β and TNF-α were obviously increased after RAW264.7 cells were treated with LPS for 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, and while the secretion of NO was significantly reduced in the cells transfected with pEGFP-NOD8 and induced by LPS for 12 h and 24 h, and the release of IL-1β was also significantly reduced at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h. However, no significant difference of TNF-α release was observed between pEGFP-C2+LPS group and pEGFP-NOD8+LPS group. The activation of caspase-1 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS for 6 h, 12 h and 24 h was markedly increased, and the expression of NF-κB p65 subunit in the cytoplasm was significantly decreased, indicating that p65 nuclear translocation was increased. In addition, the activation of caspase-1 and the nuclear translocation of p65 were significantly inhibited in pEGFP-NOD8+LPS group. CONCLUSION: NOD8 suppresses the releases of LPS-induced NO and IL-1β in RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting the activation of caspase-1 and NF-κB.     

精氨酸双糖苷对脂多糖诱导的巨噬细胞分泌炎症因子的影响

为研究精氨酸双糖苷(AFG)体外的抗炎机制,以脂多糖(LPS)刺激小鼠单核巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)作为炎症模型,用精氨酸双糖苷(AFG)的低、中、高(5、10、20 mg/L)三个剂量进行干预后,MTT法测定细胞毒性作用,Griess法测定一氧化氮(NO)生成量,ELISA法检测细胞上清液中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及前列腺素E2(PGE2)的分泌量。结果表明:AFG的三个不同剂量对RAW264.7细胞无抑制作用(P0.05),各浓度给药组的NO、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和PGE2含量与LPS刺激模型组相比较都显著降低(P0.01),推想AFG的抗炎活性可能是通过抑制NO和PGE2等炎症介质释放,降低IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α等炎症因子的含量而发挥了作用。     

氨基多糖纳米微粒对 RAW264.7 细胞株TNF-α基因mRNA表达量的影响

本试验探讨氨基多糖纳米微粒(Chitosan nanoparticle,CNP)对巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞株中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)基因mRNA表达量的影响.以巨噬细胞株RAW264.7为腹腔巨噬细胞模型,分别作用RAW264.7细胞12、18 h及24 h后,运用RT-PCR半定量法分析TNF-α mRNA表达水平的变化.结果表明:CNP有明显的提高TNF-α mRNA表达量的作用.CNP组TNF-α mRNA表达量12、18 h及24 h分别为91%、63.2%和152.5%;对照组TNF-α mRNA表达量12、18 h及24 h分别为78.9%、51.2%及109.3%.CNP组与对照组相应时间段mRNA表达量相比均有所提高,提高了15.3%、23.4%及39.5%.其中CNP组24 h TNF-αmRNA表达量与其他各组相比差异显著(P＜0.05).CNP能提高巨噬细胞株RAW264.7 TNF-α mRNA的表达,因此发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

阿司匹林丁香酚酯对体外脂多糖诱导小鼠巨噬细胞炎症反应的抑制效应

本文旨在研究阿司匹林丁香酚酯（aspirin eugenol ester，AEE）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）诱导小鼠巨噬细胞（RAW264.7细胞）炎症反应的抑制作用及其潜在作用机制。LPS刺激RAW264.7细胞诱导其炎症模型，细胞分为对照组、LPS组、阿司匹林组（aspirin，Asp，150 μmol·L^-1）、丁香酚组（eugenol，Eug，150 μmol·L^-1）、AEE低（75 μmol·L^-1）、中（150 μmol·L^-1）、高剂量（300 μmol·L^-1）组。CCK-8法检测AEE对小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7的细胞毒性；ELISA法检测各组细胞中IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α炎症因子的含量变化；RT-PCR法检测细胞中花生四烯酸（arachidonic acid，AA）代谢通路关键酶PLA2、COX-2、COX-1、CYP450和5-LOX的mRNA表达量；分子对接研究Asp、Eug、AEE与AA代谢通路关键酶的相互作用。结果表明：1） CCK-8结果显示，AEE浓度在0~350 μmol·L^-1时，对细胞无毒性；2） ELISA结果表明，与空白对照组比较，LPS组炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α表达极显著升高（P<0.01）；经不同剂量的AEE处理能极显著降低炎症因子IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α表达水平（P<0.01）；在炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8中，与Asp和Eug组比较，等摩尔的AEE与其差别不显著（P>0.05），表明其抗炎效果相似；不同剂量的AEE在炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；3） RT-PCR结果表明，与空白对照组比较，LPS组中AA代谢通路关键酶表达极显著升高（P<0.01）；经不同剂量的AEE处理能显著降低AA代谢通路关键酶的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；与Asp和Eug组比较，等摩尔量的AEE能够显著降低AA代谢通路关键酶PLA2的表达量（P<0.05）；不同剂量的AEE在COX-1、COX-2、5-LOX和CYP450关键酶表达量之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；4）分子对接结果显示，AEE与靶蛋白的结合能均低于-20.9 kJ，表明AEE与靶蛋白结合稳定且质量高，且AEE能够与PLA2、COX-2、COX-1、CYP450和5-LOX之间形成氢键。综上，AEE能够抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症反应，并且与前体化合物Asp和Eug抗炎作用相似，其可能通过AA代谢通路发挥抗炎作用。