Association Analysis Between Polymorphism of IGF1 Gene and Growth Traits in Rabbit

This study was aimed to analyze the association of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene polymorphisms with growth traits in rabbit. The technology of DNA pooling, PCR-SSCP and direct sequencing were used to detect the SNP of IGF1 gene. The results showed that T365C was detected in IGF1 gene exon 3 of rabbit. The SNP (C/T) was devised into three genotypes:TT, TC and CC. The relationships between genotypes and growth traits revealed that the birth weight and the weight at 28 days of age in New Zealand rabbit of TT genotype of T365C locus were significantly higher than TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05), the birth weight, the weight at 90 days of age and average daily gain form birth to 90 days of age in Belgian rabbit of TT genotype of T365C locus were significantly higher than TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05), there were no significant difference of the growth traits in other rabbit breeds (P>0.05).The consequence indicated that IGF1 gene was primarily deduced to be a potential major gene or linked to major gene effecting the growth traits of rabbit, and this SNP (T365C) might be a candidate molecular genetic markers to improve the growth traits of rabbit.     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gD基因表达质粒免疫小鼠的试验研究

基因疫苗是近几年来发展起来的一种新型疫苗，具有使用安全，生产、运输、贮存方便，免疫效果稳定持久的特点。实验采用PCR方法将从洛阳种牛场西门塔尔牛精液中分离的牛传染性鼻气管炎(Infectious bovine rhino—traeheitis virus，IBRV)洛精株gD基因进行了扩增，经序列测定确证后构建了gD基因的真核表达质粒。将其单独或连同脂质体肌肉注射于BALB／c小鼠，应用ELISA定期检测血清抗体水平。结果表明，含IBRV gD基因的表达质粒能够引起小鼠的特异性血清抗体反应。     

中药对黄曲霉毒素B1中毒雏鸭肾组织抗氧化功能的影响

为观察黄曲霉毒素B1(Aflatoxin B1,AFB1)对雏鸭肾组织抗氧化功能的影响及复方中药对AFB1的颉颃效应,试验将90只7日龄雏鸭分为3组,每组30只.第Ⅰ组设为空白对照组,灌胃同等量二甲基亚砜;第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,每天分别按0.1 mg/kg剂量给第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸭灌胃AFB1一次,连续投药21 d,试验期间给第Ⅲ组雏鸭日粮中添加2％复方中药.分别在给雏鸭投药后7、14、21 d,检测雏鸭肾组织总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)及丙二醛(MDA)等抗氧化指标.试验结果显示,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸭肾组织SOD、CAT、GSH-Px及G1R活性与T-AOC均显著低于第Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),而MDA显著高于第Ⅰ组(P＜0.05);与第Ⅱ组相比,在日粮中添加复方中药的第Ⅲ组雏鸭肾组织各项抗氧化指标均得到明显的改善(P＜0.05).结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B1导致雏鸭肾组织抗氧化功能发生显著的变化,而复方中药能明显改善其变化.     

Characterization of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PDL-1 of swamp and riverine type water buffaloes

Characterization of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PDL-1 genes from swamp and riverine type water buffaloes was done by molecular cloning, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The cloned cDNA of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PDL-1 contained an open reading frame of 666, 849 and 870 nucleotides, encoding a polypeptide of 221, 282 and 298 amino acids, respectively. Nucleotide sequence homology of both CTLA-4 and PDL-1 had 99.8% in swamp and riverine type, which gives the identical polypeptide. Meanwhile, PD-1 genes of swamp and riverine type water buffaloes had 99.2% of homology in nucleotide sequence, which has substitution of two amino acid residues. The hexapeptide motif, phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase and potential glycosylation sites were conserved within the tribe Bovinae. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the degree of relationship between the bubaline species and justify the distinctness of each breeds by the bootstrap value generated.     

Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid endothelin-1 concentrations as diagnostic biomarkers of canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Background: Diagnosis of canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is challenging. Endothelin‐1 (ET1) is a biomarker of IPF in humans, but whether ET1 can detect and differentiate IPF from other canine respiratory diseases is unknown. Objective: To evaluate whether measurement of the concentration of ET1 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) can be used to distinguish canine IPF from chronic bronchitis (CB) and eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP). Animals: Twelve dogs with IPF, 10 dogs with CB, 6 dogs with EBP, 13 privately owned healthy West Highland White Terriers (WHWT), and 9 healthy Beagle dogs. Methods: Prospective, case control study. ET1 concentration was determined by ELISA in serum and in BALF. Results: No significant difference in serum ET1 concentration was detected between healthy Beagle dogs and WHWT. Serum ET1 concentration was higher in dogs with IPF (median interquartile range; 2.32 pg/mL, 2.05–3.38) than healthy Beagle dogs (1.28, 1.07–1.53; P < .001), healthy WHWT (1.56, 1.25–1.85; P < .001), dogs with EBP (0.94 0.68–1.01; P = .001), and dogs with CB (1.54 0.74–1.82; P = .005). BALF ET1 concentration was below the detection limit in healthy WHWT and in dogs with CB, whereas it was measurable in all dogs with IPF. A cut‐off serum concentration of 1.8 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 81.2% for detection of IPF, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.818. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Serum ET1 can differentiate dogs with IPF from dogs with EBP or CB. ET1 can be detected in BALF of dogs with IPF.     

Exogenous testosterone modulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha and acute phase protein responses to repeated endotoxin challenge in steers

Clinical responses to some disease agents differ between sexes and this dimorphism has been attributed to the immunomodulating effects of steroid hormones. Our objective was to determine in steers the effect of testosterone on circulating concentrations of immune response mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-alpha; serum amyloid-A, SAA; haptoglobin, HG; xanthine oxidase, XO; nitric oxide, NO) after two consecutive endotoxin challenges (LPS1 and LPS2, 5 days apart; 0.25 microg/kg BW). Sixteen crossbred steers (328+/-6 kg) were assigned to control (CON, n=8) or testosterone cypionate treatment (TES, n=8; 100 mg/m2 body surface; i.m. injection 12 and 2 days before LPS1). The response to LPS was calculated as area under the timexconcentration curve (AUC) for the parameter measured. After LPS1, TNF-alpha AUC was greater in TES than CON (P<0.05). Plasma HG and SAA concentrations increased (P<0.01) after LPS1 and LPS2. In all steers SAA AUC was greater after LPS1 than LPS2 (P<0.01) but the response was augmented over CON with testosterone treatment (P<0.05). HG response to LPS1 within 24 h was not affected by testosterone. However, 5 days after LPS1 mean plasma HG concentration remained higher in TES than CON (P<0.01). HG response to LPS2 was greater in TES than CON (P<0.01). Plasma nitrate+nitrite concentration (NO production marker) and XO activity increased after each LPS challenge but responses were not affected by testosterone treatment. Results indicate that the presence of circulating testosterone increases the magnitude of the TNF-alpha response to LPS challenge as well as the subsequent increases in acute phase proteins (APP). Effects of testosterone on increases in TNF-alpha and APP may underlie a differential presentation of disease symptoms between sexes or between steers and bulls. The data also suggest a role for testosterone in the development of tolerance to repeated immune challenge through its effect on the increased magnitude and duration of HG response.     

鲁梅克斯K-1杂交酸模和干玉米秸混合青贮料喂牛试验

８头４～５岁的役用秦川母牛按配对原则分为对照组和试验组。两组牛的精料配方基本相同，但试验组牛饲粮用７．７５％的鲁梅克斯Ｋ－１杂交酸模粉（以下简称鲁梅克斯Ｋ－１）代替对照组中同等重量的小麦麸；对照组牛的粗料全部用干玉米秸，试验组半用６０％干玉米秸和４０％的玉米秸＋鲁梅克斯叶混合青贮料。正试期２０ｄ。结果表明：试验组牛的平均日增重为 ０．７８７ｋｇ，对照组０．６９０ｋｇ，试验组较对照组牛日增重提高了 １４．０６％；每增重 １ｋｇ活重试验组牛消耗精、粗料分别为２．５４ｋｇ、５．２５ｋｇ，对照组半分别为２．９０ｋｇ、５．５０ｋｇ，试验组较对照组个节约精料０．３６ｋｇ、粗料０．２５ｋｇ；试验组每头牛毛盈利为７３．３４元，对照组５９．４０元，前者比后者提高经济效益２３．４７％。说明在役用母牛饲粮中，用鲁梅克斯粉代替精料中的小麦麸并用玉米秸＋鲁梅克斯混合青贮料能获得良好的生产性能和经济效益。     

新牧一号苜蓿MvP5CS基因的克隆和功能分析

为研究苜蓿（Medicago sativa）耐盐分子机制,为抗逆分子育种提供依据,通过同源克隆和RT PCR技术克隆了新牧一号杂花苜蓿（M.varia Xinmu 1）的MvP5CS基因, MvP5CS全长2 148 bp,Genbank登录号为：EU371644。荧光定量PCR分析发现,在盐胁迫下MvP5CS基因表达明显上调,说明 MvP5CS与苜蓿的耐盐性相关。利用农杆菌介导的叶盘转化法,将MvP5CS基因成功转入烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）,盐胁迫下转MvP5CS基因T1代烟草萌发率和根长均高于非转基因烟草。表明新牧一号苜蓿P5CS基因能够提高转基因烟草的耐盐性。     

伊氏锥虫安锥赛抗药性相关基因-TbTA1的分析

为探讨伊氏锥虫对安锥赛抗药性的分子机理，以布氏锥虫对砷剂药物抗药性相关的TbTA1基因设计引物，以55℃、57℃、60℃、63℃和65℃不同退火温度，分别从伊氏锥虫敏感株的cDNA和基因组DNA中扩增出TbTA1基因的全长序列，但是从安锥赛抗药株伊氏锥虫的cDNA和基因组DNA中都未扩增出TbTA1基因，这表明基因TbTA1可能与伊氏锥虫安锥赛抗药性的产生有关。伊氏锥虫与布氏锥虫的，TbTA1基因序列比较，它们有10个碱基不同，即第88位的G（T.e）-A（T.b）、第144位的T（T．e）-C（T．b）、第224位的C（T．e）-T（T．b）、第471位的C（T.e）-T（T.b）、第472位的A（T．e）-G（T.b）、第549位的G（T．e）-T（T．b）、第1008位的C（T．e）-T（T.b）、第1033位的A（T．e）-G（T．b）、第1293位的A（T．e）-G（T．b）和第1384位的T（T．e）-C（T．b），其中有5个碱基所编码的氨基酸不同，即Val^30（T.e）Ile（T．b）、Ala^75（T．e）-Val（T．b）、Ile^158（T．e）-Val（T．b）、Thr^345（T．e）-Ala（T．b）和Ser^462（T.e）-Pro（T．b），这表明伊氏锥虫与布氏锥虫的TbTA1差异可能是它们的种间差异。