一串红的引种筛选试验

以10个一串红品种为试材,在浙江省杭州市进行引种试验。结果表明,不同品种在生育期、植物学特性、观赏性状和耐热性等方面有明显的差异。总体来看,进口品种生长速度较快,但国产品种花期普遍较长,且耐热性略优于进口品种,综合各性状指标,认为国产品种神州红和塞诺尔、进口品种展望和帝王较适宜杭州市春季栽培。     

泰国斗鱼的胚胎发育及温度对胚胎发育的影响

观察了泰国斗鱼Betta splendens受精卵的形态和胚胎发育的过程,研究了温度对胚胎发育的影响。试验设置5个温度组（20、23、26、29、32℃）,记录各温度下胚胎发育历时、孵化率和畸形率,共重复5次。结果表明：水温为20～32℃时,泰国斗鱼受精卵均能孵化,最适孵化温度为26～29℃。孵化温度T与孵化时间t呈负相关,相关方程为t=18878T-1.8528（R2=0.9811）;泰国斗鱼胚胎发育的生物学零度为11.08℃,有效积温为659.39℃.h。     

Two New Jaspamide Derivatives from the Marine Sponge Jaspis splendens

Two new jaspamide derivatives 2 and 3, together with the parent compound jaspamide (1) have been isolated from the marine sponge Jaspis splendens collected in Kalimantan (Indonesia). The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, mass spectrometry and comparison with jaspamide (1). The new derivatives inhibited the growth of mouse lymphoma (L5178Y) cell line in vitro with IC₅₀ values of <0.1 μg/mL.     

瓜果腐霉毒素对多年生黑麦草的致病作用机理初步研究

为了明确瓜果腐霉毒素对多年生黑麦草的致病作用机制,本试验对瓜果腐霉毒素处理后多年生黑麦草的叶绿素、β-胡萝卜素、光合系统Ⅱ、丙二醛、超氧自由基、希尔反应活力、根系活力以及叶片含水量进行了测定。结果发现,毒素处理后的多年生黑麦草叶绿素、β-胡萝卜素遭到了破坏,F_v/F_m, F_m随剂量增加而降低,新速ⅡF_o几乎不变,而英斯派F_o随剂量的增大而增大,丙二醛含量随除草毒素剂量的增大而增大,超氧自由基含量随除草毒素剂量的增大而增大,同时发现2种多年生黑麦草的希尔反应活力、叶片含水量、根系活力也受到了不同程度的影响。     

Induction of systemic resistance,root colonisation and biocontrol activities of the rhizospheric strain of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Serratia plymuthica</Emphasis> are dependent on N-acyl homoserine lactones

Quorum sensing regulation, mediated by N-acyl homoserine lactone signals, produced by strain Serratia plymuthica HRO-C48 isolated from the rhizosphere of oilseed rape, was found to be responsible for this strain’s ability to produce the broad spectrum antibiotic pyrrolnitrin. In this study, we have shown that some other biocontrol-related traits of strain HRO-C48, such as protection of cucumbers against Pythium apahnidermatum damping-off disease, induced systemic resistance to Botrytis cinerea grey mold in bean and tomato plants, and that colonisation of the rhizosphere also depends on AHL signalling. The results prove that quorum sensing regulation may be generally involved in interactions between plant-associated bacteria, fungal pathogens and host plants.     

不同生态环境下一串红的结实规律

[目的]探索各生态环境下一串红单花序结实的构成及其各构成要素对结实的贡献,为确定不同生态环境下的最佳采种时间提供依据。[方法]以一串红皇帝系列品种为试材,将其分别定植于大棚、露地、阴棚、地膜覆盖4种生态环境．测定初花后不同时间主花、侧花及单花序的结实量。[结果]研究表明,露地、塑料大棚、地膜覆盖和阴棚采种的最佳时间分别为始花后15、25、25、30d以上。[结论]各生态环境下一串红主花、侧花和单花序表现出不同的结实规律,其中地膜覆盖是种子生产的最佳方法。     

一串红新品种‘奇迹’

‘奇迹’是矮生直立型一串红新品种,株高20 ~ 25 cm,整个生长季叶色油绿光亮,花色鲜红亮丽,高温强光下花和叶均不易褪色,具有较好的观赏效果。播种到开花需12周左右,适合北京地区“五一”和“十一”园林花坛花境中应用。     

一串红新品种‘红色恋人’

‘红色恋人’一串红是从河北省三河市农家一串红种子经4 代连续选择优良单株混合收种后得到的新品种。在早春保护地播种育苗、露地栽培条件下株高53 ~ 70 cm,冠幅72 ~ 90 cm,花序长15 ~32 cm,整株花序数79 ~ 119 枝,轮间距离0.6 ~ 2.7 cm,花萼和花冠红色。花期6-10 月,盛花期8-9 月。较耐热,不易发生疫病和花叶病。     

一串红新品种‘紫冠精灵’

一串红‘紫冠精灵’是从淡紫色花萼深紫色花冠一串红实生群体中选育出的新品种。在露地栽培条件下经4次摘心,株高可达54 ~ 61 cm,冠幅57 ~ 69 cm。花萼淡紫色,花冠深紫色。花序长27 ~ 33 cm;花轮数18 ~ 24轮;整株花序数105 ~ 135枝。北京地区早春保护地播种,露地种植,花期可达150 d;初夏露地播种种植花期可达75 d,夏季高温时生长良好。     

海南腐霉新记录种Pythium splendens的鉴定及其对油棕苗的致病性测定

 华丽腐霉Pythium splendens是我国对外植物检疫对象油棕苗疫病的病原菌,从海南坝王岭自然保护区长臂猿原始林区采集的土样中分离出1株腐霉菌HB0401,经形态特征和核糖体rDNA ITS1序列分析鉴定为华丽腐霉（Pythium splendens Braun）。将该菌株接到健康的油棕苗植株上,能引起典型的油棕苗疫病症状。这是第1次在海南分离到华丽腐霉（Py. splendens）并证实其为油棕苗的致病菌。