豆科牧草圆叶决明的研究进展

从起源与分类、品种选育、生物学特性、栽培技术、动物饲料、生态修复、土壤改良、食用菌栽培等方面概述了圆叶决明的研究成果与进展,展望了其发展前景.     

鹿蹄草对两种储粮害虫成虫的毒力测定

用鹿蹄草(Pyrola decorata)的萃取物对玉米象(Sitophilus zeamais)和谷蠹(Rhizopertha dominica)进行了毒力测定。测定结果为：玉米象y=1．9799x 2．9761，谷蠹y=1．7407x 2．8173。加入增效醚后，玉米象y=1．8603x 3．6897，谷蠹y=1．5779x 2．8751。实验结果表明鹿蹄草对以上两种害虫均有毒力，加入增效醚，对玉米象的毒力有所增加，但对谷蠹无显著变化。     

Effect of Endophytic Fungus on Pyrola calliantha H. Andr Responsed to Cold Stress

This study measured the antioxidant enzyme activities of Pyrola under cold and endophytic fungal infection conditions[i.e.,peroxidase (POD),catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)],and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA),soluble sugar and soluble protein.In addition,the changes in the anatomical structure of Pyrola vegetable organ during cold stress upon inoculation with a synergistic endophytic fungus were also analyzed.It was found that the soluble sugar and soluble protein contents and POD,SOD and CAT activies of Pyrola all increased,when the plants were exposed to temperature of–5℃.In particular,the MDA contents and the POD activies significantly increased compared with those of the control.In addition,the soluble sugar and soluble protein contents increased during the treatment,which involved in both inoculation with an endophytic fungus and low temperature;however,with a reduction in the concentration of endophytic fungus,those two indicators decreased.The optimal concentration of endophytic fungus was 5×10~7 cfu ·mL~(-1).From the anatomical structure of Pyrola root,endophytic fungi were found to improve the health of Pyrola in cold weather.These results showed that endophytic fungi played a vital role in the growth of Pyrola,which was an evergreen plant that could survive exposure to low temperature.     

闽引圆叶决明适应性研究

针对亚热带红壤山地优质豆科牧草品种匮乏问题,1996年从澳大利亚牧草种质资源中心(ATFGRC)圆叶决明(Chamaecrista rotundifolia Greene.)品系号CPI 86134,2005年通过全国牧草品种委员会审定,定名为闽引圆叶决明(C.rotundifolia cv.Minyin)。1997年-2002年进行品种比较试验、区域试验和生产试验,结果表明:闽引圆叶决明系一年生或多年生半直立型热带豆科牧草,干草产量达9400-11000 kg/hm²,比对照品种威恩圆叶决明(C.rotundifolia cv.Wynn)增产128%以上,种子产量160-300 kg/hm²,比对照品种增产77%以上,差异均达极显著(P<0.01)水平,盛花期植株含粗蛋白质17%,在我国热带、亚热带红壤山地种植表现优良。     

The 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative from Pyrola rotundifolia activates AMPK phosphorylation in C2C12 myotubes

An aqueous ethanol extract of Pyrola rotundifolia L. induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in C2C12 myotubes. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation a 2-methyl-7-hydroxymethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, or a 7′-hydroxy-chimaphilin, which showed concentration-dependent AMPK phosphorylation activity at 2.5–20 μg/ml. At a concentration of 10 μg/ml (50 μM), an approximately four-fold increase in the AMPKα(Thr¹⁷²) phosphorylation level was observed. The stimulatory effect of naphthoquinone on AMPK activity was comparable to that of known compounds found in natural sources that activate the AMPK signaling pathway.     

圆叶柳无性系建立的研究

以圆叶柳即将萌动的生长点为材料,进行生长点生长与分化、试管苗生根、移栽和移植的研究,建立起圆叶柳无性系.结果表明:生长点生长培养的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA0.1 mg·L-1+GA30.5 mg·L-1+NAA0.2 mg·L-1;生长芽分化培养的适宜培养基为MS+NAA0.1 mg·L-1+6-BA0.5 mg·L...     

雪盖对兴安鹿蹄草叶片叶绿素与花青素含量影响

运用分光光度法测定了兴安鹿蹄草在雪盖前期、雪盖期及雪盖后期的叶绿素和花青素含量变化,结果表明：在雪盖前期,从10月初到11月中旬,叶绿素、花青素含量、叶绿素a与叶绿素b比值随着气温的降低而增高,但叶绿素与花青素比值随气温降低而降低;雪被覆盖期,从12月初到翌年3月初,由于被积雪覆盖,叶绿素含量低于雪盖前期,叶绿素a与叶绿素b比值明显增高。花青素含量从12月中旬开始降低,叶绿素与花青素比值降到最低值;雪盖后期,3月初至3月中旬,叶绿素含量高于雪被覆盖期,4月初有所下降,之后又回升,叶绿素a与叶绿素b比值明显低于雪被覆盖期,花青素含量从3月中旬开始明显下降,4月初又开始升高。叶绿素与花青素比值明显高于雪被覆盖期。     

鹿蹄草等中草药对香白杏采后褐腐病抑制效果的研究

在离体和活体条件下,对鹿蹄草、厚朴等中草药单剂以及鹿蹄草为主的各种中草药复配组合对香白杏采后褐腐病菌的抑制效果进行研究.结果表明,11号(鹿蹄草 厚朴 大黄)复配组合在离体试验中抑菌效果最佳,10 mg/mL浓度的抑制率达89.77%;该组合的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为1.25 mg/mL,2.5 mg/mL.活体抑菌测定结果表明,11号复配组合对香白杏褐腐病菌有不同程度的延缓侵染与抑制作用,但不能完全防治;0.10 mg/mL扑海因与11号组合20 mg/mL(4级浓度)能完全抑制香白杏褐腐病菌的发生与蔓延.     

豆科牧草圆叶决明的研究进展

本文从起源与分类、品种选育、生物学特性、栽培技术、动物饲料、生态修复、土壤改良、食用菌栽培等方面概述了圆叶决明的研究成果与进展,展望了其发展前景。     

闽引圆叶决明两个辐射变异新品系的若干特性研究

利用 60Coγ射线辐射闽引圆叶决明86134牧草种子,通过M1-M3代田间试验观察和筛选,筛选到两个86134的辐射变异后代,进行M4、M5代田间小区品比试验,结果表明：2个变异品系的茎叶比大幅度下降,其生物量分别增长39.26%和38.04%,达极显著水平,86134-32-3的粗脂肪含量极显著增长。RAPD分析表明,辐射后代与原种的DNA指纹图谱存在明显差异。