湿热地区无公害蔬菜生产技术探讨——以云南省思茅地区为例

根据湿热地区气候特点和蔬菜生产的现状，探讨了发展无公害蔬菜生产的意义和技术措施。作者认为，发展无公害蔬菜是保护环境和促进经济发展的有效措施；推行有害生产综合防治技术，优先采用农业和生物防治措施；科学使用化肥农药，并建立蔬菜质量检测、监督管理机构和机制，可促进无公害蔬菜生产的发展。     

西南边疆地区粮食安全问题研究

在介绍粮食安全概念的基础上,分析了西南边疆粮食安全的重要性和制约西南边疆粮食安全的因素,提出了保障西南边疆粮食安全的路径。     

《农村土地承包经营权要素编码规则》国家标准解读

农村土地承包经营权要素编码是开展农村土地承包管理的基础性工作。《农村土地承包经营权要素编码规则》(GB/T 35958-2018)于2018年9月1日开始实施,必将对规范农村土地承包经营权确权登记颁证工作和促进土地承包管理信息化建设发挥极其重要的作用。为便于国家标准GB/T 35958-2018使用者理解和执行,本文对标准的主要内容进行分析和解读。介绍了GB/T 35958-2018的编制背景,分析了标准的内容要素和层次结构,剖析了标准中农村土地承包经营权要素的代码结构、编码方法和赋码规则,揭示了GB/T 35958-2018与国内相关标准的关系,特别是与NY/T 2538-2014的内在关联性,指出了GB/T 35958-2018在应用过程中需要注意的若干问题,并就及时宣贯和修订国家标准提出了建议。研究可望深化对农村土地承包经营权要素编码的认识,促进GB/T 35958-2018在农村土地承包经营权确权登记颁证工作中的有效实施和规范应用。     

FAM3C activates Akt to promote viability of oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the expression and roles of family with sequence similarity 3, member C (FAM3C) in oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells. METHODS: The mRNA and protein expression levels of FAM3C in dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) and oral squamous-cell carcinoma WSU-HN6 cells were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The WSU-HN6 cells were treated with siFAM3C or FAM3C antibody. After 24, 48 and 72 h, the viability of WSU-HN6 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay, and the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) was detected by Western blot. Adenovirus was used to mediate over-expression of FAM3C in the DOK cells. The DOK cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay after adenovirus infection for 24, 48 and 72 h, and the activation of Akt was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the DOK cells, the mRNA and protein levels of FAM3C were significantly increased in the WSU-HN6 cells (P<0.05). The viability of WSU-HN6 cells transfected with siFAM3C was significantly inhibited at 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05). siFAM3C treatment inhibited the activation of Akt (P<0.05). FAM3C antibody treatment also suppressed the viability of the WSU-HN6 cells at 48 h and 72 h and the activation of Akt (P<0.05). Over-expression of FAM3C in the DOK cells promoted the cell viability at 48 h and 72 h and activated Akt (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FAM3C might promote oral squamous-cell carcinoma cell growth by activating Akt.     

Role of cytokeratin 8 on changes of intestinal epithelial permeability induced by corticotropin-releasing factor

AIM: To investigate the role of cytokeratin 8 (CK8) on the change of intercellular permeability of intestinal epithelial cells induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). METHODS: The expression levels of CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) and CRFR2 on human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cell surface were determined by immunofluorescence staining. After treatment with 100 nmol/L CRF for 72 h, the translocation of FITC-labelled dextran was measured in a Transwell chamber. The structural changes of tight junctions were observed under transmission electron microscope. The expression levels of CK8, and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin were determined by Western blot. The activity of protein kinase C (PKC) was detected by ELISA. Furthermore, the effects of CRF on intestinal epithelial permeability were examined in CK8-silencing HT29 cells, which were constructed by infection with sh-CK8 lentivirus. RESULTS: CRF treatment increased the permeability of FITC-labelled dextran (P<0.05), caused the opening of tight junctions, and induced increased fluorescence intensity of CK8. The expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 were down-regulated (P<0.05). PKC activity was decreased at 1 h after CRF treatment (P<0.05). CRF-induced increase in the permeability and down-regulation of occludin were not blocked by CK8 silencing. Nevertheless,CK8 silencing blocked the effects of CRF regarding the decrease in the expression levels of ZO-1 and the increase in PKC activity (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CK8 may be involved in CRF-induced increase in intestinal epithelial permeability by inhibiting the activity of PKC, and there may be other signaling pathways involved.     

草莓FaMYB10蛋白互作验证及启动子克隆

本研究旨在探究光信号如何调控草莓花青素苷合成的分子机制,利用同源克隆法从3个不同颜色的草莓品种(‘红颜’,‘桃熏’,‘白雪公主’)中分离得到FaMYB10基因及其启动子序列,采用酵母双杂交系统验证FaMYB10的转录激活能力及其与FaCOP1的蛋白互作关系,利用红颜草莓FaMYB10基因的启动子序列构建酵母单杂交诱饵载体pHIS2-ProFaMYB10,并验证其在酵母Y187中的自激活现象。结果表明,经测序显示3个不同颜色的草莓品种FaMYB10基因的CDS区域序列完全一致为702 bp,但是在启动子区域存在不同差异。酵母双杂交实验表明Fa MYB10在Y2HGold中存在转录激活能力,FaMYB10同FaCOP1存在蛋白质与蛋白质互作关系。在Y187宿主内,发现当3-AT浓度达到60 mmol/L无法抑制FaMYB10基因启动子带来的自激活现象。本研究结果为理解草莓通过光信号传导调控下游FaMYB10,进而影响花青素苷合成的分子机制提供一定理论参考。     

Kernel vitreousness and protein content: Relationship,interaction and synergistic effects on durum wheat quality

Four sets of durum samples were used in this study to further understand the interrelationships among hard vitreous kernels (HVK), protein content, and pigment concentration, with a focus on the interaction and synergistic effects of protein content and vitreousness on durum quality. HVK level increases with higher protein content in the range of 9.5–12.5%, but this relationship is less evident in durum samples with high protein content (12.5–14.5%). Both protein content and kernel vitreousness can significantly affect durum milling quality. White starchy kernels (WSK) in low protein durum have a very detrimental impact on milling and pasta processing quality, but high protein content can mitigate the adverse impact of WSK on durum quality. Although protein content plays a dominant role, higher HVK might contribute positively to pasta firmness. There was no significant difference in yellow pigment content between HVK and WSK. However, pigment loss from semolina to dough was higher for WSK than HVK. Despite the difference in protein content, HVK and WSK have little difference in gluten strength. The monomeric protein was preferentially accumulated in HVK. The glutenin proteins of HVK and WSK were similar in the ratios of 1Bx/1By and HMW/LMW-GS.     

东北三省大豆种质品质性状鉴评与综合分析

根据目标性状有的放矢的选配杂交亲本是提高优异品质组成品种的选择效率的基本前提。本研究对东北三省102份大豆种质资源的蛋白、氨基酸组分、油份及脂肪酸组分进行测定,通过遗传多样性、主成分和聚类分析,对其进行表型鉴定及基因型分类以综合评价种质品质特性。结果表明:东北三省大豆种质油份及脂肪酸组分变异较丰富,遗传多样性程度较高。根据主成分分析筛选到9个主成分进行聚类分析,通过聚类分析将供试种质资源分为5类。第I类群蛋白含量较高、油份含量偏低,第II类群蛋白、油份含量均居中,第III类群油份含量较高、蛋白含量偏低,第IV类群高油,第V类群高蛋白,类群间的氨基酸、脂肪酸组分各有差异。需根据育种目标在群体间选配亲本,以提高品质育种的效率。     

玉米大斑病菌StSNF1的基因组定位、蛋白质结构预测及表达分析

为了明确StSNF1在玉米大斑病菌基因组中的位置,解析该基因编码蛋白的结构特征,探究该基因在侵染寄主的不同时期、分生孢子萌发侵染过程中以及不同碳源培养下的表达情况。结果表明,该基因ID号为008026214,全长3 046 bp,位于scaffold_17负链的97 793-100 838位置。StSNF1与玉米圆斑病菌SNF1同源关系较近,由877个氨基酸残基编码而成。StSNF1蛋白具有氮端的蛋白激酶结构域、氮端的碳代谢产物去阻遏蛋白激酶结构域和碳端的激酶相关结构域。在蛋白激酶结构域内,具有ATP结合位点和丝氨酸/苏氨酸活性位点。Real-time PCR结果表明,StSNF1在侵染后期高表达,72 h表达量最高;StSNF1在分生孢子萌发24 h时(即侵入丝形成时期)表达量最高;StSNF1在蔗糖为单一碳源的培养基中表达量最高,果胶培养基次之。综上所述,StSNF1与侵染寄主和碳源利用密切相关,在侵染后期发挥作用,利用寄主细胞内的非发酵型碳源进行次级侵染。     

Mechanism of quercetin improving rat coronary artery myogenic response under high glucose

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of quercetin improving rat coronary artery myogenic response under high glucose (HG) by measuring muscle tension of coronary arterial ring and recording voltage-gated K⁺ channel (Kv) current of coronary artery smooth muscle cells by whole cell patch clamp. METHODS: The coronary rings from the normal SD rats were acutely isolated, and then divided into 6 groups: (1) control group; (2) HG group; (3) HG+low dose (3 μmol/L) of quercetin group; (4) HG+moderate dose (10 μmol/L) of quercetin group; (5) HG+high dose (30 μmol/L) of quercetin group; (6) HG+C6303 (PKC inhibitor)+high dose of quercetin group. Determinations of coronary artery response to vasoconstrictor (60 mmol/L KCl or 0.1 mmol/L U46619) or vasodilator (ACh at 10^-9~10^-5 mol/L) were performed, and the percentage of coronary ring tension was calculated using the contraction as 100% caused by 60 mmol/L KCl. The rat coronary artery smooth muscle cells were acutely isolated for recording the Kv current using whole cell patch clamp. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the contraction amplitudes to 60 mmol/L KCl or 0.1 mmol/L U46619 were significantly increased under HG incubation. Quercetin intervention concentration-dependently reduced the coronary artery contraction amplitude. Incubation of PKC specific inhibitor C6303 attenuated the effect of quercetin. Compared with control group, the diastolic amplitude to ACh decreased significantly in HG group, and quercetin intervention concentration-dependently increased the coronary artery diastolic amplitude. Incubation of PKC specific inhibitor C6303 attenuated the effect of quercetin. Compared with control group, HG incubation inhibited Kv current of coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells significantly, and quercetin intervention attenuated the inhibitory effect of HG on Kv current intensity. Incubation of PKC specific inhibitor C6303 attenuated the effect of quercetin. CONCLUSION: Quercetin has a protective effect on myogenic response of coronary artery under HG and the effects is related to the increase in Kv current and the activation of PKC in vascular smooth muscle cells.