黑龙江省近40年夏季季风的变化规律

为了分析黑龙江省夏季季风的变化规律和夏季季风与年降水之间关系的变化,采用Samel发明的方法,用逐日降雨量数据计算每一年夏季季风到达、离开、停留在黑龙江省的时间。研究结果显示:在1960年至2000年间,黑龙江省的年降水量变化趋势是每10a增加2.229mm,这一变化趋势不显著;夏季季风停留的时间和季风期间的降水量呈显著减少的趋势,分别为每10a减少6.9d和17.5mm。夏季季风这一变化主要原因在于1960–1975期间是夏季季风离开该省的时间提前,1990–2000年间是到达该省的时间拖后。夏季季风在过去40a的减弱使它对年降水量的贡献率每10a减少4.4%。     

森林旅游资源潜力的评价方法研究

本文运用特尔菲法建立森旅游资源潜力的评价指标体系，并采用层次分析法确定评价指标的权重；制定各个指标的等级评价标准；提出森林旅游资源潜力评价的平均值加权求和法和二层模糊综合评价法。通过对５个评价对象的实际应用，表明该方法具有较强的实用性。     

气温和降雨量对高寒草甸不同功能群植物产草量的影响

[目的]研究气温和降雨量对高寒草甸不同功能群植物产草量的影响。[方法]选择典型的高寒草甸为研究对象，通过对1995~2004年气温和降雨量变化的分析，对不同功能群产草量的影响进行了研究。[结果]气温和降雨量对禾本科功能群植物的产草量的影响较大，相关性均达到极显著水平；降雨量对莎草科产草量影响较大且相关性达到显著水平。[结论]不同植物个体对气温和降雨量的反应不同。该研究结果可为草地生态学研究提供理论依据。     

宁南地区水资源潜力分析

在介绍宁南地区概况的基础上，研究该区的水资源利用现状、水源地开采情况、缺水状况以及水资源供需状况，进而分析该区的水资源潜力。     

Effects of Seedbed Substrates on Regeneration of Picea abies from Seeds

The effects of seedbed substrates on the emergence and mortality of Norway spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst.] on clear-cuts were studied in a sowing experiment. Seven intact substrates as well as scarified plots on the same types of substrates were considered. The experiment took place at two locations in south-east Norway, during three consecutive years. Of intact substrates, Sphagnum spp. was found to be the best for emergence and litter was found to be the second best. Microhabitats dominated by feather mosses, Dicranum spp., Vaccinium myrtillus or Deschampsia flexuosa were poor environments for emergence. However, after two to three seasons, survival in per cent of emerged seedlings was more or less equal among all substrates. Emergence was higher on scarified plots than on intact substrates, and except for Sphagnum substrates, survival was equal or better. For scarified plots, the original substrate did not influence the emergence of seedlings, but mortality after the second summer differed owing to original substrate. The best substrates for scarification were V. myrtillus and D. flexuosa , while mortality was highest for plots that were originally dominated by Sphagnum . Weather conditions influenced the suitability of the substrates as seedbeds, as did the location of the plots.     

Disease variation and chemical control of Ramularia leaf spot in sugar beet

Data from 1999 to 2009 on Ramularia leaf spot caused by Ramularia beticola in sugar beet showed that it was a serious disease in sugar beet in 5 out of 11 seasons. The severity and significance of the disease was found to vary depending on events with precipitation, particularly in two specific weeks in July and September. Several fungicides were found to give effective control, and positive net yield responses were found in 9 out of 11 seasons. The average sugar yield response varied in individual years between 0.7 and 2.2 t ha⁻¹. High levels of control of Ramularia leaf spot was obtained in field trials, a semi-field trial and an in vitro test using the compounds pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole, difenoconazole and propiconazole. Dose response trials with epoxiconazole from two seasons showed both reduced efficacy and yield responses from low doses. They also proved that the optimal input of fungicides varies significantly between seasons depending on disease severity. A sensitivity test of R. beticola to different fungicides showed a normal distribution of sensitivity with no sign of resistance development to either strobilurins or triazoles. Results from a semi-field trial showed both good preventive and curative effects with 84–100% disease control from epoxiconazole, difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin. In order to optimize an IPM control strategy better forecasting systems are needed along with cultivars providing higher levels of resistance to the disease.     

一种快速提纯兔抗鸡EDS-76病毒IgG的方法

本试验采用辛酸加硫酸铵沉淀二步法提纯兔抗ＥＤＳ－７６病毒血清中的ＩｇＧ。在０．０６Ｍ醋酸盐缓冲液（ｐＨ４．８）稀释的血清中，每ｍｌ血清滴入３３μｌ辛酸时，非ＩｇＧ类蛋白可被基本除去。利用本法提纯的ＩｇＧ，免疫活性和生物活性不发生改变。该方法简便、快速、节约试剂，所获ＩｇＧ纯度高、活性好，适用于从大批量样品中提纯ＩｇＧ。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征致病机理的研究进展

PRRS(猪繁殖与呼吸综合征)复杂的发病机制包括抗体依赖性增强、引起机体免疫抑制和在机体内持续性感染等现象,以及病毒遗传多样性;这些是该病难以防控的主要原因,本文就近年有关进展进行综述。     

平衡施肥与无公害农产品生产

肥料施用必须有先进的科学技术指导,均衡地向作物提供各种必需的营养元素,从而改善农产品品质、改善生态环境、减少资源浪费。平衡施肥是发展无公害农产品生产、保证农业持续稳定增长和保护土地资源的关键措施之一。介绍了无公害农产品的基本概念及其对肥料的基本要求,阐述了平衡施肥在无公害农产品生产中的作用,并提出了无公害农产品的平衡施肥技术。     

浅议员工潜力的激发方式

企业的经营管理者要设法以更有效的激励措施激发员工的士气，间接引爆员工的潜力，创造企业的最高效益。运用需求理论，探索最大限度激发员工的积极性、主动性和创造性的方式。