基于农业冷链物流的智能监测系统的设计与实现

在冷链物流的运输过程中,很多车辆因为生产年限较早,其环境保温的稳定性差,同时对车内环境的实时监控手段缺乏。所以这些冷链物流车辆在运输过程中农产品的生理状况难以监管,最终导致产品运输到目的地时可能已经处于腐坏状态。现有的装置体积较大,造价也不菲。所以我们设计一款便携,功能齐全,造价较低的冷链物流在线监管设备,其可以通过物联网传感器,对冷链车内的环境进行监控,方便农产品的运输。     

基于嵌入式linux的农业专家系统的开发与实现

为提高农业专家系统的使用率,使其可以被带到田间地头直接指导农业生产。主要研究便携式农业专家系统的开发和实现,特别是提出以图像采集作为专家系统人机交互的信息输入,并详细介绍摄像头采集图像过程,使农业专家系统指导农民生产更直接,使用更方便。     

便携式光合作用测定系统仪器误差探析

使用各种便携式光合仪测定植物单叶平均光合速率的总误差是由仪器误差、观测误差和叶片本身产生的某些光合反应综合而成。简析了因CO2 、流量、温度、气压等参数测量所用传感器的精度引起的仪器误差 ,且该误差因测量方式 (开路或闭路 )及叶片光合速率水平而异 ,光合强度越强其误差越小 ,误差变幅为 8%～ 2 0 % (开路 )或2 5%～ 15% (闭路 )。并分析了各测量参数误差对光合速率综合误差的贡献 ,指出仪器误差主要是由CO2 分析器和流量计误差所致     

PEMS与全流稀释系统试验对比研究

在轻型车排放试验室内,同时利用便携式排放测试系统(portable emission measurement system,PEMS)和全流稀释排放测试系统测量轻型乘用车排气污染物,通过对比排气污染物累积和瞬态测量结果,对比两种排放设备的差异。     

农作物几何特征量测量系统设计与试验

为实现复杂背景下农作物几何特征量的实时测量,设计了交互式软件系统和便携式硬件结构。软件基于Matlab图像处理技术和多个作物几何特征量的计算模型,提出了动态交互式颜色特征提取方法和逐点颜色分量差值筛选法,实现了目标作物与背景的有效分离。研究了非旋转体作物体积与投影面积的关系,提出了测量这类作物的体积等特征量的新思路;建立了单位像素实际值与物距的对应关系,避免了需要在背景中设置参照从而计算单位像素代表作物几何特征量的实际值。软件渗透了人机交互和分类设计的思想,具有较好的交互性、通用性和扩展性。硬件采用高配的PC机核心部件、快速响应的工业触摸屏、自动定焦对焦工业相机和可控的相机支架、大容量锂电池。结构紧凑(29.8 cm×19.9 cm×6 cm)、操作简便、便于手持式和分体式测量。系统经过精度测量和实时测试,能完成多种作物的几何特征量测量,一般测量误差4%~8%,自动处理时间平均1.63 s(建好颜色特征库时),装置有较好的处理速度,有一定的实用价值。     

便携式叶绿素、氮素、水分一体化测定仪设计

建立了可以同时检测作物叶片叶绿素、氮素和水分的数学模型.结合光谱学原理,设计了由近红外LED光源、窄带干涉滤光片、光电检测芯片以及单片机系统组成的作物叶片叶绿素、氮素、水分检测一体化便携式仪器,避免现有仪器由于叶片位置和测定时间差异导致的作物养分探测误差,可用于作物养分和水分的精细管理.     

便携式土壤全氮测定仪性能研究

为研究土壤全氮含量,自主开发了基于近红外光谱技术的便携式土壤全氮测定仪.以中国农业大学上庄实验站采集的60个土壤样本作为实验材料,分别对土壤全氮测定仪的稳定性、准确性和预测模型精度进行了测试.使用模型的测定系数(RC)、验证系数(RV)、校正均方根误差(RMSEC)、预测均方根误差(RMSEP)和相对分析误差(RPD)作为模型精度的评价指标.实验结果显示,本测定仪在波长940、1 050、1 100、1 200、1 300、1 450和1 550 nm处的吸光度重复性误差分别为1.57％、1.80％、1.59％、0.94％、0.61％、0.64％和3.13％,平均误差1.80％;测定仪吸光度和傅里叶光谱分析仪吸光度相关系数分别达到0.971、0.948、0.928、0.873、0.920、0.901和0.913,平均值为0.922;使用测定仪平均吸光度数据,通过BP神经网络建立的土壤全氮预测模型Rc、RV、RMSEC、RMSEP和RPD分别达到0.81、0.80、0.029、0.019和3.44.使用该预测模型建立的土壤全氮分布图和实际土壤全氮分布图具有高度的一致性.实验结果表明,便携式土壤全氮测定仪工作稳定,使用平均吸光度数据建立的土壤全氮预测模型具有较好的预测能力和较强的鲁棒性,可以在土壤全氮含量实时检测中应用.     

便携式光谱分析仪对叶菜失水程度的无损检测研究

利用自行研发的线性可调谐滤光片(LVF)便携式光谱仪对蔬菜失水程度进行了无损检测研究.通过获取小白菜、菠菜、叶菜生菜、油菜4种叶菜蔬菜叶片,分别在失水0h、失水12 h、失水24h、失水48 h的平均光谱曲线图进行对比分析.结果表明:蔬菜在失水过程中,便携式LVF光谱仪能有效快速反映其内部叶绿素的变化,并通过4种蔬菜叶片在同一个失水时间段下的光谱反射率曲线对比分析,表明利用便携LVF光谱仪可快速、无损的对叶菜类蔬菜失水程度的判别进行定性区分.与此同时,根据叶菜蔬菜叶片的光谱曲线构建蔬菜叶片叶绿素SPAD含量平均值综合预测模型,结果显示,叶菜类蔬菜叶片的平均光谱值在新鲜状态下的SPAD值建模相关系数为0.73,表明利用自行研发的便携式LVF光谱仪对叶菜类蔬菜叶片失水程度进行定量分析是可行的.     

Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Multiple Melanomas in a Horse

A 22-year-old Camargue mare was referred for showing signs of discomfort during chewing, building up of food in the mouth, and foul odor from the mouth. On physical examination, the mare presented bilateral pigmented labial masses affecting the upper and lower lips, more in the form of plaques at the mucocutaneous junction as well as multiple perivulvar and perianal lumps. The skin lesions were biopsied for histopathologic examination and the clinical suspect of melanoma was confirmed. The owner elected the lesions to be treated with electrochemotherapy using the drug cisplatin. After two sessions, the nodules were shrunk by 50% and the horse’s ability to feed normally was restored: at that time, the owner had the treatment discontinued because of financial issues. The horse is still in partial remission after 1 year from the end of the treatment. Electrochemotherapy can be successfully used to palliate large melanomas in horses.     

Physiologic responses in healthy Labrador Retrievers during field trial training and competition

Ten healthy Labrador Retrievers (4 females and 6 males aged 3-6.5 years [mean, 4.5 years]) training with a professional trainer were studied. The dogs were in training during the entire study. Dogs were monitored within 5 minutes after retrieving birds on land and in water on 2 consecutive days during training and on 2 consecutive days at the Atlanta Retriever Club Fall Field Trial. Baseline samples were taken in the morning on a separate day before the dogs were loaded onto a truck. Venous samples were analyzed with a portable blood analyzer. Measurements included hematocrit, sodium, potassium, chloride, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glucose, lactate, blood pH, Pco2, Po2, HCO3, and TCO2 plus rectal temperature, pulse rate, and respiratory rate. Ambient temperatures were recorded. Distances and times were estimated. Compared to baseline, significant increases occurred in rectal temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, chloride, lactate, and pH postexercise (P < .05): sodium, potassium, BUN, Pco2, and TCO2 were significantly decreased postexercise. Blood pH was markedly higher after retrieves on land than after retrieves in water. Estimated mean speeds were 11.4 mph (18.3 km/h) during a triple retrieve on land and 5.6 mph (9.0 km/h) during a retrieve in water. Maximal ambient temperatures were 84-86 degrees F (29-30 degrees C). In summary, Labrador Retrievers training with a professional trainer had evidence of hyperthermia, respiratory alkalosis, hypocapnia, and mild metabolic acidosis monitored within 5 minutes postexercise during training and field trial competition when maximal ambient temperatures were 85 degrees F (29 degrees C). The results provide a baseline against which physiologic responses of dogs with poor performance can be compared.