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1.
本文对油罐本安型阻油切水阀研制过程中的几个技术关键之一 ̄二次启动进行了较详细的力学分析,研究了阻油切水阀的启动过程,分析了启动过程中液体在静止和流动两种情况下对浮球工作的影响,提出了启动机构方案。 相似文献
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J.A. Milne 《Livestock Production Science》2005,96(1):3-9
The potential environmental effects of livestock farming are mainly associated with intensification of poultry, pig and dairy cow production systems. The major impacts are mainly caused by housing of livestock, which can lead to air and water pollution associated with nitrogen and phosphorus emissions and losses from manure. European countries regulate the potential for these types of pollution through a number of mechanisms, which have received wide public acceptance. In grazing systems, nitrogen pollution, associated with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, is also the subject of legislation. Perhaps because of this regulatory approach, surveys of the public have found that human food quality and animal welfare are more important issues than effects on air and water quality when considering livestock systems.Variation in stocking rates of grazing ruminants can change the structure and composition of pastures with potential impacts on biodiversity and the production of methane, a greenhouse gas. In European countries, maximum stocking rates have been set to reduce these impacts. Surveys of the European public have suggested that they are willing to pay for the mitigation of these environmental effects but that they also value strongly the cultural component of grazed livestock systems. There are few underlying concepts about how society views the environmental impacts of livestock systems. These are used to conclude that current attitudes are likely to prevail in the next decade. 相似文献
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针对滴灌中侧翼迷宫式滴灌带的流量、灌水均匀度、肥料堵塞等问题,对4种不同规格的侧翼迷宫滴灌带进行试验,测定在清水和加肥灌水时滴头的流量及灌水均匀度。结果表明:加肥灌水时滴头流量比清水时减少,灌水均匀系数也较清水减小,4种不同结构滴头的灌水均匀度系数减小了5%~9.9%;随着灌水间隔增长,灌水次数增加,由于溶解在水中化学肥料结晶析出造成的堵塞程度逐渐增加;迷宫流道结构不同滴头的化学堵塞程度也不同。 相似文献
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地下滴灌灌水器流量由于受到土壤因素的制约而比地表滴灌流量有所减小,研究土壤物理特性对地下滴灌灌水器流量的影响程度对地下滴灌水力计算与工程设计具有重要的理论和实用价值。文中分别选取灌水器工作压力、土壤容重和土壤初始含水率为因素,采取混合水平均匀设计安排试验方案,将归一化处理后的各因素实测数据进行回归分析,估算各试验因素对地下滴灌灌水器流量的影响程度。结果表明:地下滴灌中工作压力是决定灌水器流量的主要因素,土壤容重和土壤初始含水率对地下滴灌灌水器流量的影响较弱,但在地下滴灌水力计算与工程设计中也不可忽略。 相似文献
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Effects of structural and depositional crusts on soil erosion on the Loess Plateau of China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Conventional tillage practices used on the Loess Plateau lead to different soil surface micro-topography which results in forming two types of soil crusts. The objective of this study was to explore the formation position, properties and erosion characteristics of structural crusts and depositional crusts under the influences of the microtopography in the rainfall experiments. Two simulated rainstorms were applied in the experiments. The first rainfall event was used for soil crust formation, then the following simulated rainfall storms at 40 mm h?1, 60 mm h?1, and 80 mm h?1 rates were applied to the soil boxes set to a 17.6% (10°) slope under three tillage types (contour tillage, artificial digging, and straight slope conditions) to investigate the resulting runoff discharge rate and sediment yield on crusted soil surface. Results show that: (1) structural crusts formed on the mounds, and depositional crusts formed in the depressions after the first rainfall events; structural crusts exhibit a lower thickness, bulk density, higher porosity and shear strength than depositional crusts; (2) structural crusts increased the runoff yield less and decreased the sediment yield more than depositional crusts; and (3) the runoff yield was significantly greater, and the sediment yield was lower on the crusted soil surface than that on the uncrusted soil surface, regardless of the effect of the tillage treatments. 相似文献
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市郊菜园土壤污染及治理 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
针对衡阳市郊菜园土壤受到污染的实际,分析了主要污染源,提出了控制与治理污染的措施。 相似文献
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策勒绿洲-荒漠过渡带风沙前沿近地面不同方向的输沙特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用策勒绿洲-荒漠过渡带风沙前沿输沙资料及风速风向资料,分析这一区域近地面输沙的方向分布特征。结果表明:① 风沙前沿起沙风风向以W、WNW为主,风向变化比较单一;② 观测点输沙量集中于NW、WNW、W、SW、WSW 5个方位,合计占总输沙量的68.3%;0~40 cm高度年输沙量为96.0 kg,年合成输沙量为45.9 kg,合成输沙方向为102.5°;③ 观测点年输沙势为43.2 VU,年合成输沙势为31.04 VU,输沙势的方向分布与实测输沙量存在较大差异。 相似文献