棉花多亲本杂交F_2群体产量性状的效应分析

本文对棉花聚合杂交体系中９个不同亲人配制的８个单交、１０个４交、１１个８交的Ｆ＿２代群体的产量及产量组合性状进行综合分析。结果表明，随着率交亲本数的增加，聚合程度逐步提高，使产量及主要产量组分的遗传增益不断上升，并达到了显著或极显著水平的增加，其中尤以８交群体的聚合增效最为突出。说明多亲本聚合杂交在棉花丰产、优质、抗病和早熟目标的育种中，对产量性状的提高具有显著效果。     

山区羊舍“圈中圈”设计及应用效果

为探索山区羔羊保育技术,提高羔羊成活率和增重效果,笔者通过改进圈舍设计,加强饲养管理,开展了"圈中圈"羔羊保育应用效果观察试验。结果表明,试验组羔羊的断奶(120d)成活率为97.78%,比对照组的断奶成活率(68.89%)提高了41.94%;试验组羔羊的日增重为96.2 g,比对照组(71g)提高了35.49%,效果显著。     

Analysis on the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for two vegetation roofs during rainfall events

In order to understand the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for vegetation roofs during rainfall events, the evaluation criterion of vegetation roof performance is redefined and two vegetation roofs are established artificially based on the code for the design of roof greening, which is investigated during rainfall events. Results show that ophiopogon japonicus roof can delay the production of runoff by 25〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗48 min compared to the rain occurring and retention runoff volume by 40%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗58%, while sambucus dhinensis roof can make the generation of runoff 60〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗130 min later than the rain beginning and runoff volume retention can be as high as 54%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗80%. In addition to PO 3-4 P, the reduction of pollution load of NO -2 N, NH3 N, TP, COD, TN and NO -3 N by both vegetation roofs can reach 95.1%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗98.6%, 87.2%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗93%, 72.4%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗83%, 76%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗81.8%, 68.7%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗78.4% and 40.9%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗60.6% respectively. The level of pH, COD, NH3 N and TP in vegetation roofs runoff can meet class Ⅲ surface water standard. Meanwhile, both vegetation roofs have similar effect in neutralization acid deposition (i.e., from 5.8〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗6.0 (in rain water) to 7.0〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗7.6 (in eco roof runoff water)). Plants grown on vegetation roofs can influence the performance of vegetation roofs. Based on the results, ophiopogon japonicus has an advantage of sambucus chinensis in controlling phosphorus pollution, while sambucus chinensis manifests better in reducing nitrogen load. Vegetation roofs are becoming an important urban landscape more and more, and study results in this paper provide references for the improvement of vegetation roofs construction and more reasonable evaluation of their running performance.     

茚虫威对映体在番茄、葡萄及水中的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法

建立了反相条件下茚虫威在对映体水平上的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)残留分析方法。采用基质匹配标准品的外标法定量,比较分析了基质分散萃取与固相萃取2种净化方法中基质效应的影响。番茄和葡萄样品均采用乙腈提取,NH2/Carb复合固相萃取小柱净化;水样直接采用C18-H固相萃取小柱富集净化。手性拆分的色谱条件为:Chiralpak AD-RH手性分离柱,以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=65∶35为流动相,柱温25 ℃,流速0.4 mL/min。结果表明:在0.005~0.5 mg/kg(水样为mg/L)添加水平范围内,茚虫威对映体在3种基质中的回收率在65.5% ~117.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为4.1% ~18.1%。对映体的检出限(LOD)为1.4~4.3 μg/kg(μg/L),定量限(LOQ)为4.7~14.2 μg/kg(μg/L)。方法操作简便,结果稳定可靠,可用于茚虫威对映体在番茄、葡萄和水样品中残留的分析。     

四聚乙醛亚致死剂量对福寿螺AchE、GSTs和MFO活性的影响

为了解亚致死剂量四聚乙醛对福寿螺的主要靶标酶和解毒酶活性的影响,研究了0.50mg/L的四聚乙醛处理不同时间后福寿螺不同组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)和多功能氧化酶(MFO)的活力变化。结果显示,四聚乙醛对福寿螺具有良好的杀灭效果,96hLC50为3.856mg/L,安全浓度为0.039mg/L;在用0.50mg/L的四聚乙醛处理的24h内,福寿螺鳃和腹足内AchE酶活力分别升高到未处理时的1.565和1.481倍而后下降,肝和肠组织内AchE酶活力分别下降为未处理时的0.132、0.282倍而后升高;不同组织中GSTs酶活力均呈现为"降低—升高—降低"的趋势;不同组织内MFO酶活力均为先下降后上升的趋势。研究表明0.50mg/L的四聚乙醛能诱导AchE、MFO和GST活性不同程度的增加,解毒酶MFO和GSTs可能在四聚乙醛的代谢中起着一定作用。     

加强实践教学 提高动物学教学效果

对高校动物学教学现状进行了分析,得出高校动物学教学应实现理论和实践一体化的结论,并提出了改革动物学实验教学、加强实践教学基地建设的具体方法,为提高动物学教学效果提供了思路。     

电针对大肠杆菌热敏肠毒素致肠水、钠分泌的拮抗作用

新生仔猪下痢是严重危害养猪业的常见病、多发病,而肠致病性大肠杆菌产生的肠毒素特别是热敏肠毒素(Heat-Labileenterotoxin,LT)则是导致幼畜腹泻的直接致病因子。在兽医临床上,由于广泛使用抗菌药物治疗仔猪下痢,大肠杆菌对这些药物普遍地产生了耐药性,致使临床疗效越来越差。针灸疗法是我国传统医学的宝贵遗产,已有不少文献报道了针灸对哺乳仔猪下痢良好的防治效果,但有关针灸防治仔猪下痢机理的研究则相对滞后。为此,本试验应用兔回肠结扎实验动物模型观察了电针刺激对大肠杆菌热敏肠毒素致肠水、钠分泌的拮抗作用,以便为针灸防治…     

螟虫长距茧蜂研究进展

本文综述了对螟虫长距茧蜂的研究概况，包括该寄生蜂的主要生物学习性、对玉米螟自然寄生率及田间防治玉米螟效果等。     

Statistical Model on the Time and Time Difference Error of Arrival in TDOA Location Estimation

Additional time delay of arrival resulted from non-line of sight(NLOS)propagation and muti-path effect in(cellular) environment is the dominant factor resulting in TDOA location error,study on the statistical property of TDOA error is useful for improving the accuracy of TDOA location.Based on the exponential distribution property of NLOS propagation delay,and considering the system error resulted from the signal detection,the authors establish a statistical model of arrival time and a model of TDOA error distribution by statistics when non-light of sight and multi-path propagation exist.The models reflect the statistical property of arrival time and TDOA error in cell network,the simulation shows that the proposed models have a good accuracy and a satisfactory behavior.     

城市空间增长效应评价方法——以重庆市为例

在城市空间快速增长背景下,开展城市空间增长效应评价研究,有助于解决城市空间增长中出现的问题,可为确定城市空间发展战略、制定空间发展政策提供依据。城市空间增长效应评价方法旨在定量、客观地判断城市空间增长过程中要素配置与运行是否合理、高效和公平。笔者建立了结构配置效应、经济配置效应和公平配置效应3个方面的评价体系,通过目标法对城市空间增长效应进行评价,得出空间增长效应评价函数。以重庆市为例进行实证分析,结果显示：重庆市2004-2013年间的城市空间增长效应总体呈上升发展趋势,结构性、公平性趋好;合理配置效应和经济配置效应波动显著,反映出城市建设面临的用地结构优化、用地效率提升等方面的问题。