代料栽培糙皮侧耳配方与品种筛选

以玉米秆、玉米芯、麦草等为主要原料进行7个配方10个糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)品种筛选试验,以袋出菇产量进行评价,结果表明:最佳配方依次为B2(棉籽壳40%+木屑20%+玉米秆30%)、B3(棉籽壳21%+木屑9%+玉米秆60%)、B6(玉米芯90%)、B7(麦草90%)、B5(木屑30%+玉米秆60%)、B4(玉米秆90%);以生物学效率进行评价,首选配方为B3,次之为B4、B7、B6、B2、B5。供试菌种产量排序结果表明:A10(5902)高产性状明显,次之为A2(新8)、A1(农平10号)、A9(优88)和A8(新科170);综合产量和生物形态学表现,秸秆代料栽培适宜品种为A10、A2、A1、A9、A5(黑平王)、和A7(原生2号),其中,玉米秆配方(B4、B3、B2)适宜栽培品种为A10、A2、A9、A1,玉米芯配方(B6)适宜品种为A10、A5和A7;麦草配方B7适宜品种为A10、A6(黑优抗)、A2和A1。最佳秸秆配方与品种组合为:(A10-B2)、(A10-B3)和(A2-B2)。     

玉米秸栽培平菇的研究

在玉米秸栽培平菇的试验中，对玉米秸的粉碎粒度，发酵处理方法以及适合玉米秸栽培的平菇品种的筛选都做了系统研究，结果表明，以孔径１５ｍｍ筛子粉碎料的效果最佳；发酵料料水比为１∶１６，采用开放式发酵法效果最佳；适合玉米秸栽培的平菇品种以青丰３号和ＰＬ３两个品种最好，生物学效率达１２０％以上。     

食用菌复合多糖的抗氧化活性研究

摘要：通过采用化学法，分别测定了猴头菇多糖、香菇多糖、银耳多糖、鸡腿菇多糖、灰树花多糖及香菇复合多糖、灰树花复合多糖体外抗氧化活性。结果表明，0．5mg·mL-1的猴头菇多糖、香菇多糖、银耳多糖、鸡腿菇多糖、灰树花多糖与复合多糖能够不同程度地清除DPPH·自由基、羟自由基（·OH）和超氧阴离子自由基．（02-·）能力，具有较好的抗氧化活性，而香菇复合多糖和灰树花复合多糖的总体抗氧化活性优于其组成单糖，其中以灰树花复合多糖对自由基的清除能力最强，其清除率分别为（89．5±1-3）％、（62．4±0．6）％、（47．9±1．0）％。     

海藻多糖对肉鸡生长性能影响的研究

在肉鸡饲粮中添加1.5 %海藻多糖 ,对山东地方特色保种白羽鸡进行饲养试验 ,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS)PAGE技术分析血液中脂酶(EST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、蛋白质的多态。结果表明 ,处理组90Ku蛋白亚基组分表达程度显著增强。EST同工酶快区Es -1位点 ,由多等位基因控制 ,酶带着色程度显著减弱 ,其活性下降42.7 %。LDH同工酶出现3条酶谱带 ,酶带着色的程度明显增强 ,其活性增加3倍。此外 ,添加组的饲料利用率、增重及生长性能明显提高 ,提示海藻多糖直接或间接调控基因表达水平 ,与生长性状呈正相关。     

Astragalus polysaccharides protects against free fatty acid-induced human vascular endothelial cell dysfunction via AMPK-eNOS pathway

AIM: To study the protective effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on free fatty acid-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS: Cultured HUVECs were divided into control group, APS group [APS (200 mg/L) treated for 24 h], free fatty acid group [free fatty acid (0.25 mmol/L) treated for 24 h], free fatty acid plus APS group [free fatty acid (0.25 mmol/L) and APS (200 mg/L) treated for 24 h], and compound C group [free fatty acid (0.25 mmol/L) and APS (200 mg/L) and AMPK inhibitor compound C (10 μmol/L) treated for 24 h]. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) content in the medium was determined by nitrate reductase assay. The protein levels of total adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: No significant difference of all indexes between APS group and control group was observed. The cell viability in free fatty acid group decreased significantly compared with control group. The cell viability in free fatty acid plus APS group was significantly improved as compared with free fatty acid group. The cell viability in compound C group was almost the same as that in free fatty acid group. The No content and protein levels of p-AMPK and p-eNOS in free fatty acid group decreased obviously as compared with control group, while the NO content and protein levels of p-AMPK and p-eNOS in free fatty acid plus APS group increased obviously compared with free fatty acid group. No significant difference of the p-AMPK and p-eNOS protein levels between free fatty acid plus APS group and free fatty acid group was observed. No significant difference of the AMPK and eNOS protein levels in all groups was found. CONCLUSION: APS attenuates the free fatty acid-induced injury, and its mechanism is related to the AMPK-eNOS signal pathway.     

羊肚菌发酵液培养双歧杆菌的特性研究

试验研究用羊肚菌发酵液培养双歧杆菌的特性。羊肚菌在液体培养基中静置培养,除去菌丝后作为培养基接种双歧杆菌,测定双歧杆菌生长特性及发酵液中多糖的变化。结果表明,羊肚菌发酵液作为双歧杆菌培养基,在增殖双歧杆菌时能达到其专用培养基的水平,而且羊肚菌多糖含量没有变化。     

春砂仁多糖的微波－水溶液提取及纯化工艺研究

为综合利用春砂仁中多种有效成分，该文设计三级提取方案，先除去杂质并回收芳香及呈味成分，然后采用微波-水溶液法提取春砂仁多糖，以前级温和的条件保护后级提取产物(多糖)的特性。通过GC-MS分析得到春砂仁低极性组分中所含的挥发性成分；然后提高提取剂的极性，通过单因素及正交试验分别选择了水溶液提取春砂仁多糖的最佳工艺条件。结果表明：液固比10∶1(V/W)，微波功率600 Ｗ，提取温度80℃，时间 20 min，春砂仁粗多糖产率为11.33%；纯化粗多糖的条件：Sevag试剂中氯仿与正丁醇的比例为3∶1，萃取3次，所得纯化多糖的产率为50.30%；干燥多糖的条件：温度-49～-56℃，压强24～40 kPa，干燥时间4 h。     

茶多糖提取条件的研究

采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计方法研究温度、时间、料液比、pH值对绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶等茶多糖(TPS)提取率及活性的影响。结果表明，各因子对三类茶TPS提取率影响的大小依次为pH值、温度、时间、料液比；对TPS活性影响最大的是pH值，在酸性或碱性环境下提取的TPS活性都最低。建立的回归模型显著性检验均达极显著水平，无失拟因素存在，模型较好的拟合了TPS提取率与各因子之间的关系。结合TPS提取率及活性测定，利用期望函数途径进行模拟选优，并进行验证，得到TPS提取率的优化条件为温度0～1水平，时间0～1水平，料液比0～0.5水平，pH值-0.95水平左右。     

丝瓜伤流液对采后榆黄蘑呼吸及贮藏品质的影响研究

试验研究丝瓜伤流液对榆黄蘑的保鲜效果结果表明 ,用丝瓜伤流液作保鲜剂明显抑制榆黄蘑呼吸分解代谢 ,有效减缓菌盖开裂、褐变和失水。且有棱丝瓜伤流液保鲜效果优于无棱丝瓜伤流液 ,以 75 %有棱丝瓜伤流液保鲜效果最佳