急性热应激对肉鸡血浆及尿中的矿物质浓度的影响

为研究急性热应激对肉仔鸡矿物质代谢的影响,本试验采用２０只９周龄肉仔鸡,分成两组,一组施人工肛门术用于集尿,另一组离血管插管术用于连续采血,在程控人工气候舱内设置急性热暴露条件,即１ｈ内由２０℃升温至３３℃维持３ｈ后迅速降至常温。分别在热应激前、中、后连续采集尿和血样,并测定矿物质元素含量。结果表明,急性热应激显著影响血浆中Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｃａ、Ｎａ、Ｍｇ、Ｋ、Ｃｒ的浓度（Ｐ〈０．０５）,     

Modulation of peripheral markers of the serotoninergic system in healthy horses

To evaluate the changes in plasma and platelet serotonin (5-HT) as markers of the serotoninergic system in equines, 5-HT content was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in deproteinized plasma obtained from peripheral blood samples of 12 clinically healthy horses, before and after feeding. 5-HT was measured in platelet rich plasma (PRP) and in platelet poor plasma (PPP). 5-HT in platelets (p5-HT) was obtained by subtracting free 5-HT in PPP (f5-HT) from 5-HT in PRP. After food ingestion, significant increases in p5-HT and f5-HT (p < 0.001), and no changes in the f5-HT/p5-HT ratio were recorded. Increase in the total circulating 5-HT might account both for initiating peristaltic activity and for increasing the f5-HT levels. Augmented 5-HT uptake by platelets could reflect the hypothetical increased activity of the serotoninergic neurons. Besides showing the feasibility to obtain f5-HT and p5-HT through HPLC determination of 5-HT in PRP and PPP equine plasma, these findings are consistent with the postulation that 5-HT is released from enterochromaffin cells following a mechanical and chemical stimulation.     

猪精液4℃低温保存技术研究

为丰富猪鲜精保存技术、改善与提高精液保存质量,本研究以市场占有率高、性能稳定和可耐受4℃低温的长效稀释剂为对照,探讨本课题组研制的4℃稀释剂(低温Ⅰ号、低温Ⅱ号)对猪精液低温保存效果的影响。结果表明:低温Ⅰ号和低温Ⅱ号稀释剂对猪精液的有效保存时间和总存活时间均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。保存至第6天时,对照组精子活力显著降低(P<0.05),保存至第10天时,低温Ⅰ号、低温Ⅱ号、对照组精子活力分别为74.6、76.0、0;保存第10天时,对照组pH显著低于2个实验组(P<0.05);保存从第5天开始,实验组质膜完整性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上,本课题组研制的稀释剂对猪精液4℃低温保存效果较好,而且低温Ⅱ号对精子活力和质膜完整性保存效果更优。     

水稻种子等离子体处理技术试验报告

水稻种子经过等离子体处理,能够提高种子的发芽势和发芽率,使水稻的成穗率明显提高,通过试验比较,处理较对照水稻增产450.8 kg/hm2,平均增产5.6%。并且,水稻种子经过等离子体处理采用的是物理方法,无任何化学物质残留及污染,大大保护了环境,对于开发绿色环保食品具有重要作用。     

Impact of anthocyanin from Malva sylvestris on plasma lipids and free radical

The effects of anthocyanin fromMalva sylvestris on plasma lipids and free radical were investigated by Reagent Kit method and in vitro assay. High fat model was set up with albino rats that were fed with different dosages of anthocyanin fromMalva sylvestris (0.03 g·d⁻¹, 0.04 g·d⁻¹ and 0.05 g·d⁻¹). The results showed that the total cholesterol was decreased by 19.7% at an anthocyanin of 0.04 g·d⁻¹ and triglyceride was decreased by 34.4% at an anthocyanin of 0.05 g·d⁻¹. In vitro assay, some indexes of anthocyanin were measured including the capability of scavenging free radical, reducing force and the capability of anti-lipid peroxidation by orthophenanthroline Fe⁺² oxidation-reduction method. The results indicated that the clearance rate of free radical reached to 43.46% when the content of anthocyanin was 0.20 mg·mL⁻¹ and the inhibition ratio of lipid peroxidation reached 18.82% when the content was 0.5 mg·mL⁻¹. Therefore anthocyanin is a kind of natural and effective free radical remover and antioxidant and can prevent from the formation of the thrombus and reduced the emergence of the cardiovascular disease. Biography: Wang Zhen-yu (1957-), male, Prof. in Forestry College, Northeast Forestry University and Food Science Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong     

Tolerability and efficacy of benazepril in cats with chronic kidney disease

The objective of the study was to test the effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) benazepril in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 192 cats with CKD with an initial plasma creatinine concentration > or = 2 mg/dL (> or = 177 micromol/L) and urine specific gravity < or = 1.025 were recruited into a double-blind, parallel-group, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Cats received daily (q24h) PO placebo (n = 96) or benazepril x HCl at a dosage of 0.5-1.0 mg/kg (n = 96) for up to 1,119 days. Most cats were fed exclusively a diet containing low amounts of phosphate, protein, and sodium. Benazepril produced a significant reduction in proteinuria, assessed by the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC, P = .005). This effect of benazepril was present in all subgroups tested, including cats with UPC <0.2, although the effect was largest in cats with higher UPCs. Plasma protein was maintained at higher concentrations with benazepril as compared with placebo during treatment in cats with initial UPC <1 (P = .038 versus P = .079 for all cats). There was no difference in renal survival time between the 2 groups when all 192 cats were compared. Mean +/- SD renal survival times were 637 +/- 480 days with benazepril and 520 +/- 323 days with placebo (P = .47). Mean +/- SD renal survival times in the 13 cats with initial UPC > or = 1 were 402 +/- 202 days with benazepril and 149 +/- 90 days with placebo (P = .27). Cats with initial UPC > or = 1 treated with benazepril had better appetite (P = .017) as compared with those treated with placebo. Benazepril was well tolerated. In conclusion, benazepril decreased proteinuria in cats with CKD.     

Myeloma-related disorders in cats commonly present as extramedullary neoplasms in contrast to myeloma in human patients: 24 cases with clinical follow-up

BACKGROUND: Myeloma-related disorders (MRD) are rare neoplasms of plasma cells. Published case reports describe a diversity of clinical presentations with confusing terminology and diagnostic criteria as a consequence of the assumption that MRD in cats are analogous to those in dogs or humans. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to describe clinical, clinicopathologic and imaging findings, response to treatment, survival and possible associations with other diseases or vaccination in a large case series. A priori hypotheses were that cats with MRD commonly present with extramedullary involvement and uncommonly have radiographic bone lesions, in contrast to human patients. ANIMALS: Twenty-four cats with MRD confirmed by cytology or histopathology and immunohistochemistry. METHOD: A multicenter retrospective study was performed. RESULTS: Two types of clinical presentation were observed. The first group (n = 17) had neoplasia involving abdominal organs, bone marrow, or both. All developed systemic clinical signs and paraproteinemia. Five of 7 cats that received chemotherapy improved clinically or had decreased serum globulin concentration (median survival, 12.3 months; range, 8.5-22 months). The second group comprised 7 cats with skin masses, 2 of which were paraproteinemic and developed rapidly worsening systemic signs. In cats without systemic signs, excision of the skin masses appeared to be associated with prolonged survival (up to 2.4 years). Cats with MRD commonly presented with extramedullary involvement (67%), versus humans with MRD (5%) (P < .001), and uncommonly presented with radiographic bone lesions (8%) versus humans with MRD (80%) (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Radiographic bone lesions are uncommon in cats with MRD and extramedullary presentation is common, relative to human myeloma.     

Fecal corticosterone metabolites and plasma corticosterone in Japanese quail selected for low or high plasma corticosterone responses to brief restraint

Fecal corticosterone metabolites and plasma corticosterone in Japanese quail selected for low- or high-plasma corticosterone responses to brief mechanical restraint (low- and high-stress lines), and in a line of unselected quail, were measured in this study. No line differences were observed in baseline plasma corticosterone concentrations, but fecal corticosterone metabolite concentrations and daily fecal corticosterone metabolite production were 20% higher in quail of the high-stress line than in unselected or low-stress quail for males and females living together in group cages (P < 0.05). No differences were observed between lines in corticosterone metabolite concentrations and production for male birds in individual cages. Baseline plasma corticosterone concentrations, fecal corticosterone metabolite concentrations, and production appeared to be higher for males and females in group cages compared with males in individual cages. This difference might have been because of greater corticosterone secretion by male quail living in mixed sex groups than living individually. Correlations between baseline plasma corticosterone concentrations and fecal corticosterone metabolite concentrations in low-stress and high-stress quail, and for all birds combined, were r = 0.521 (P = 0.038), r = 0.604 (P = 0.013), and r = 0.431 (P = 0.002), respectively. The low- and high-stress lines that have been selected for low- and high-corticosterone responses differ in other characteristics, including growth and reproductive performance, and the current results are consistent with the assumption that these other differences are a consequence of greater daily corticosterone secretion in quail of the high-stress line.