糊化淀粉尿素对山羊消化代谢和增重的效果

选择３６只本地白山羊随机分成３组进行饲养试验。配制３种分别含有豆粕、糊化淀粉尿素和尿素并达到等能等氮水平的混合材料，定量饲喂，干草自由采食。３５天饲养试验后，每组选３只阉公羊作上述３种日粮的消化代谢试验。结果表明：（１）３种日粮的粗纤维表现消化率分别为６４．６５±５．５８％、６６．１０±３．７２％和６１．４９±７．６１％。（２）３种日粮的氮代谢率分别为２５．８３±４．８６％、２２．２５±７．０％和１９．３６±３．９８％，糊化淀粉尿素日粮比尿素日粮提高１４．９３％。（３）与尿素日粮相比，动物采食含糊化淀粉尿素日粮后外周血液尿素浓度有所下降，且动态变化也相对平稳。（４）３个日粮组的日增重分别为６８．４５±３５．８４、７０．８３±３１．２８和６１．９１±３１．８０ｇ／只，差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；每千克增重所需日粮粗蛋白质分别为９２６．５、９５２．２和１１３３．２ｇ，尿素日粮的饲喂效果最差。结果分析指出：糊化淀粉尿素产品能有效改善尿素氮的利用率，并能达到与豆粕相同的增重效果。     

蛋鸡血浆甘油三酯与蛋黄性状关系的研究

本实验对蛋鸡血浆甘油三酯 (Triglyceriche ,TG)浓度进行高、低选择之后 ,测定了两个世代的产蛋早期的褐壳鸡的血脂成分 (血浆中胆固醇、磷酯、游离脂肪酸 )及其鸡的蛋黄性状 (蛋黄比例、蛋黄胆固醇含量 ) ;且以父系半同胞法估计了血脂和蛋黄性状的遗传参数。研究了与鸡体脂肪代谢关系密切的血脂成分和蛋黄性状的变化规律及其之间的相互关系 ,来寻找能降低蛋黄胆固醇的新途径。结果表明 :血浆甘油三酯的变异系数较大为 5 3.5 2 % ;血浆甘油三酯、蛋黄比例和相对蛋中胆固醇含量的遗传力较高分别是 0 .2 74、0 .90 2、0 .30 4 ,它们之间的遗传相关分别是 0 .2 71、0 .36 6。即血浆甘油三酯可以作为间接选择蛋中胆固醇含量的指标。     

Identification of protein c activator from nine species of Chinese snake venoms

AIM:To determine which species of snake venoms contained protein c activator among 9 species of Chinese snake venoms. METHODS: Anticoagulant activity was examined by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay,and amidolytic activity was measured with activated protein c (APC) specific chromogenic peptide substrate-chromozy APC. RESULTS: Among 9 species of Chinese snake venoms,Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus venom and Agkistrodon halys venom were not only able to generate amidolytic activity from purified human PC, but also prolonged APTT strongly even at such a concentration as 1.5 mg/L. CONCLUSION:Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus venom and Agkistrodon halys venom contain protein c activator which activating human plasma PC into APC.     

应用固相RIA和ELISA测定血浆孕酮浓度监测黄牛产后卵巢机能

应用固相孕酮放射免疫分析法(固相P_4-RIA)和酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)测定血浆孕酮(P_4)浓度,监测黄牛产后卵巢机能。结果表明,鲁西黄牛产后12.3d前血浆P_4处于基础水平,RIA和ELISA测值分别为0.38±0.12～0.63±0.21和0.17～0.54±0.24ng/mL。其后P_4水平开始上升,母牛出现卵巢活动。代表卵巢活动的P_4曲线可分为4种类型;Ⅰ型,产后10.6±3.9d后,出现3个正常黄体周期;Ⅱ型,产后13.6±4.4d以后首先出现一个8.5d左右的短黄体期,接着出现正常黄体周期;Ⅲ型,产后12.5±3.9d开始出现正常黄体期,接着出现一个短黄体期和一个正常黄体期;Ⅳ型,产后12.5±2.5d后,出现正常黄体期,以后变为短黄体周期。在黄体周期中,最低P_4水平为0.51±0.16(RIA)和0.62±0.21(BLISA)ng/mL,最高P_4水平为5.17±2.15(RIA)和5.09±2.18(ELISA)ng/mL。从方法学上进行比较,固相P_4-RIA和ELISA的测定结果具有很强的相关性 (r=0.9987)。     

等离子体浸没离子注入豌豆种子的表面形态研究

用等离子体浸没离子注入设备对食荚青豌种子进行了氩离子注入。卢瑟福背散射方法证实了经这种离子注入后,的确有一定数量的氩离子进入了食荚青豌种子,并发现注入种子的氩离子的相对浓度与注入的时间有关。用扫描电子显微镜对经过注入和未经注入离子的食荚青豌种子的表面形态进行了研究,发现等离子体浸没氩离子注入对种子有刻蚀作用。本文还探讨了这种注入方式引起种子细胞损伤的机制。     

盐逆境下两个水稻品种根系Na+吸收及质膜ATP酶的作用

 以两个不同耐盐力水稻品种80-85 (耐盐) 和83-51(不耐盐)为材料进行研究。根系Na⁺总吸收随盐胁迫的加重而增高，耐盐品种始终具有较低的Na⁺总吸收和较高的整株K⁺／Na⁺比；在10 mmol／L NaCl浓度下显示出根系具有较低的Na⁺吸收速率和较强的对K⁺选择性，低盐浓度(0.2% NaCl) 对根质膜ATP酶活性略有提高；在高盐浓度(0.5% NaCl以上)下，质膜ATP酶活性受到明显抑制，而耐盐品种受抑程度更大．ATP酶活性的下降与根部Na⁺积累以及K⁺吸收的减少相伴随，推测根系K⁺、Na⁺吸收与质膜ATP酶有关     

Utility of the discriminant analysis to categorize untrained Spanish Pure Bred horses on the basis of biochemical and muscle variables before and after a standardized exercise test

We hypothesized that the information obtained from a discriminant analysis could be used to objectively discriminate horses untrained from early ages, in agreement with certain physiological characteristics.In the biopsies of 24 Spanish Pure Bred horses (1.5–3 years old) before and after a standardized exercise test (SET; 4–7 m/s with a change of velocity of 1 m/s every 2 min) muscle enzymes, substrate and metabolites were determined. Also, diverse plasma and blood parameters were considered.Three pre-exercise groups (A1: six horses; A2: seven horses and A3: eleven horses) and two post-exercise groups (B1: sixteen horses; B2: eight horses) were defined from a correspondence analysis. Forward stepwise discriminant analysis selected 11 variables which differentiated the groups between each other both pre- and post-exercise.The results of the present study suggested the utility of a discriminant analysis to categorize horses in agreement with certain physiological variables. It could be used for establishing different types of training in each group by expert trainers.     

Experimental infection of early pregnant cows with bovine viral diarrhea virus: Transmission of virus to the reproductive tract and conceptus

The objective of this study was to chronologically investigate the effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection on early pregnant cows before placenta formation. Six cows were intravenously inoculated with either BVDV (treated, n = 4) or growth medium (control, n = 2) (day 0) at day 26 of pregnancy. Two treated cows and one control cow were euthanized on day 3 post-infection and the remaining animals were euthanized on day 6. BVDV was isolated from maternal tissues such as lymphoid or reproductive tissues of treated animals on days 3 and 6 post-infection. Additionally, one treated cow autopsied on day 6 post-infection had evidence of infectious BVDV in the allantoic membranes, allantoic fluid and embryos. In three treated cows, a significant decline in progesterone concentration was also observed post-infection while in control cows they remained constant. Therefore, BVDV can infect bovine embryos before placenta formation and may affect progesterone profiles in cows during early pregnancy.     

Canine specific ELISA for coagulation factor VII

Canine coagulation factor VII (FVII) deficiency can be hereditary or acquired and may cause life threatening bleeding episodes if untreated. FVII procoagulant activity can be measured by FVII activity (FVII:C), but assays for measurement of canine specific FVII antigen (FVII:Ag) have not been available to date. In this study, a canine specific ELISA for measurement of FVII:Ag in plasma was developed and validated. The FVII:Ag ELISA correctly diagnosed homozygous and heterozygous hereditary FVII deficiency. Together with activity based assays, such as FVII:C, the FVII:Ag ELISA should be valuable in the diagnosis of hereditary canine FVII deficiency.     

鸡胚MD免疫器官组织形态学变化

用马立克氏病(MD)三价苗对18日龄鸡胚免疫后,其免疫器官(法氏囊,胸腺,脾脏)中的酯酶阳性T淋巴细胞,浆细胞数量明显高于1日龄雏鸡免疫组,而后者又高于未免疫对照组。表明18日龄胚胎免疫比1日龄雏鸡免疫能更早地产生较好的免疫应答,并能更早地促进免疫器官的免疫成熟。