研究型学院本科教学运行管理体系的构建与实践

研究型学院以培养创新人才和发展研究型教学为核心,构建适应研究型学院本科教学运行管理体系是实现这一核心任务的根本保证。通过探索和实践,初步构建了适合研究型学院的,能有效确保教学正常运行的管理体系,实现教学管理科学化、规范化、制度化,不断提高人才培养质量和管理水平。     

养殖环境生物除氮脱氮技术研究进展

随着我国水产养殖业的快速发展,养殖环境中氮的污染问题日益严重。生物除氮脱氮技术由于具有无可比拟的优势而受到人们的重视,近年来无论在基础理论还是应用实践方面发展迅速。本文总结了水产养殖中该项技术的最新研究进展,并指出今后的研究方向和重点。     

奶牛非饲草来源纤维营养研究进展

本文在总结分析国内外最新研究成果的基础上,对非饲草来源纤维(NFFS)对奶牛的营养作用和生理影响及其机理进行了综述,主要从NFFS部分替代饲草对奶牛生产性能、瘤胃草垫层和瘤胃发酵的影响,以及NFFS部分替代精料对饲料效率、生产性能和亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(SARA)奶牛生理的影响等方面进行论述,旨在为NFFS饲料在奶牛饲粮中的科学合理利用提供理论参考和依据。     

杭州市西湖区街头绿地典型植物群落特征分析

城市街头绿地是城市绿地系统的重要组成部分,作为重要的绿色廊道,将城区内外的各类绿地连接在一起,形成城市绿色网络。笔者通过杭州市西湖区街头绿地典型群落结构的调查和测定,对其结构特征进行分析,并针对街头绿地存在的突出问题,探讨群落结构调整优化的措施。根据杭州市西湖区植物群落的类型统计结果,表明调查样地植物群落类型多样,但种类单一,群落结构简单,只是将有限的物种资源进行不同的配置。最后,根据调查地立地条件,对杭州市西湖区植物群落的景观优化提出意见。     

Quantitative PCR assays to enumerate Rhizobium leguminosarum strains in soil also target non viable cells and overestimate those detected by the plant infection method

The plant infection method is commonly used to estimate the Most Probable Number (MPN) of soil rhizobia. Here, a qPCR method was set-up and validated with newly developed ANU (strain specific) and RHIZ (more general) primers to quantify the specific Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii ANU843 strain or general R. leguminosarum strains. Detection limits of qPCR protocols in soil were 1.2 × 10⁴ (ANU) and 4.2 × 10³ (RHIZ) cells per g soil. The qPCR assay appears robust and accurate in freshly inoculated soils but overestimated MPN for indigenous soil rhizobia. An incubation experiment showed that qPCR detected added DNA or non viable cells in soils up to 5 months after addition and incubation at 20 °C in moist conditions.     

Adoption of leaf color chart for nitrogen use efficiency in rice: Impact assessment of a farmer-participatory experiment in West Bengal,India

Unbalanced and excessive use of N-fertilizers causes environmental pollution, lodging of plants and increased pest pressure, in addition to increased cost to farmers from excessively applied fertilizers and pesticides. N application at the right time and in right amount is critical for healthy plant and environment. Rice leaf color intensity is directly related to leaf chlorophyll content and leaf nitrogen status. The concept for the use of leaf color as an indicator to apply N in rice was crystallized during 1990s. The International Rice Research Institute and the Philippine Rice Research Institute developed a leaf color chart (LCC) that helps guide farmers for real-time nitrogen management in rice farming. The technology is inexpensive, and easily affordable by most resource poor rice farmers. In 2003 we initiated a farmer-participatory research to validate real-time N management in rice by the use of LCC in West Bengal state of India. After 3 years of validation research, a survey was conducted to assess the adoption and impact of LCC. The survey was conducted in both intervention and adjacent control villages and data were collected from 20% farm households selected randomly. In this paper, we report findings of the study on the determinants of adoption of LCC, and its effect on fertilizer and pesticides use.     

搅拌器搅拌流场的三维数值模拟

将CFD技术应用于搅拌器搅拌流场的分析，基于Navier-Stokes方程和标准k-t紊流模型，求解搅拌器的湍流场，数值模拟的结果对搅拌器水力优化设计具有指导意义。     

食品保藏技术课程的教学改革初探

从食品保藏技术课程教学内容的调整、教学方法的选择和实验(实践)教学的改进等方面,针对传统教学模式的缺点和不足,提出了一些思考与看法,旨在为高等农业院校建立科学的教学模式提供一些参考,使学生能更好地掌握该课程。     

不同株型玉米苗期生长,光合速率及对肥料的反应

在人工气候室中，对盆栽条件下不同熟期的紧凑型与平展型玉米比较研究表明，单株玉米对土壤养分的反应株型间无规律性差异；不同熟期玉米间存在明显的规律性差异。植株苗期生长速率及高低土壤肥力下的差异与叶片Ｎ、Ｋ含量，光俣速率及不同光强，不同ＣＯ２浓度与的反应差异间存在明显的相关性。不同品种间苗期光合速率差异明显，土壤肥力高低对玉米苗期光合速率影响很大。     

Lederer粘度模型适用范围

基于140组北疆—吐哈、胜利—阿曼混合原油的粘度测量数据,对Lederer模型(经验常数α使用印度Shu关系式)的适用范围进行了研究,发现应用该模型计算高粘度比混合原油粘度时,存在一个临界温度,当混合原油温度在临界温度以上时,Lederer粘度模型具有很高的预测精度,其最小平均绝对相对偏差为3.97%,最大平均绝对相对偏差为9.15%;当在临界温度范围以下时,Lederer粘度模型的预测精度明显变差,其最小平均绝对相对偏差为13.57%,最大平均绝对相对偏差为109.8%,无法满足工程需要。这个临界温度随混合原油组分、混合比例不同而不同,一般低于高含蜡组分油的反常点。另外,还发现Lederer粘度模型预测值的平均相对偏差几乎全部为负偏差,即大部分预测值小于实测值,表明经验常数α引用Shu关系式还有待于修正。