四川‘竹根姜’胚性细胞悬浮系的建立与植株再生

 选用四川省地方品种‘竹根姜’的茎尖组织建立了体细胞胚性细胞悬浮系, 并通过悬浮培养获得了姜再生植株。结果表明悬浮细胞干质量受pH影响。接种量和AgNO₃ 对悬浮细胞的生长都有影响:最佳接种量为1.0% , 最适AgNO₃浓度为6.0 mg·L ^{- 1}。胚性细胞悬浮系增殖后, 接种到前期筛选的成熟分化培养基上获得了再生植株。     

园林布局中必然性和偶然性要素的辩识与运用

阐释了园林构成要素中的必然性要素和偶然性要素及其相互关系与运用意义；以昆明世博园中“齐鲁园”为例，辩识了“齐鲁园”中必然性与偶然性园林要素，分析了诸要素在特定园林环境布局中的运用。     

中国香瓜与菜瓜地方品种资源白粉病抗性评价

春秋2个季节在温室利用风媒接种方法对搜集的102份香瓜和14份菜瓜种质资源进行了白粉病抗性评价,结果鉴定出7份香瓜和1份菜瓜高抗白粉病,其病情指数为零,1份菜瓜抗病,其病情指数0.9,表明我国香瓜和菜瓜地方品种资源中蕴涵着潜在的改良甜瓜白粉病抗性的基因资源。     

陇南山区生态旅游资源评价及开发策略

陇南山区生态环境脆弱,社会经济落后,同时又是生态旅游资源富集区,正处在西安旅游区、成都旅游区和兰州旅游区的包围之中,区位条件和客源市场较佳,实施生态旅游开发将对发展地方经济和提高游客生态环境意识意义重大。在对其旅游资源、区位条件、客源市场进行定性与定量评价的基础上,提出开发森林生态游、休闲度假游、避暑消夏游、三国怀古游、长征体验游等特色旅游项目,设计出不同尺度、不同主题的若干旅游线路,并针对发展生态旅游所面临的问题提出了相关对策。     

The effects of agricultural fields and human settlements on the use of rivers by wildlife in the mid-Zambezi valley,Zimbabwe

After the eradication of the Tse-Tse fly in the Mid-Zambezi valley, human settlements and fields extended mainly along the main rivers. In order to investigate the consequences of this human development on wildlife diversity we monitored three rivers of the Mid-Zambezi valley in Zimbabwe: Angwa, Manyame and Kadzi. The rivers were divided in segments of 200 m which were checked for spoors in order to assess the number of species and the number of individuals that used the segments. Human settlements were also recorded. We used a GIS to define the spatial characteristics of the fields present along the rivers, and related them to the distribution and abundance of wild species spoors in the river beds and banks. Our results show that the number of species in one segment of the river decreased with the increasing size of the field area bordering the segment. For all the major ungulate species, the numbers of individuals recorded per segment decreased with increasing field area. A similar trend was observed for small and medium-sized carnivores, though they were in lower numbers when present. Our analyses thus confirm that the extension of human agriculture in wildlife areas has an impact on most wild species, but we also define some threshold value of field size above which there seem to be an acceleration of the decrease in wildlife density and diversity: 3.2 ha for medium and small herbivores and carnivores; only the elephant seem to tolerate larger field area with a threshold value of 32 ha.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spatial pattern analysis of pre- and post-hurricane forest canopy structure in North Carolina,USA

Existing spatial patterns of a forest are in part a product of its disturbance history. Using laser altimetry and field measures of canopy top height to represent pre- and post-hurricane canopy topography, respectively, we measured changes in spatial patterns of stand structure of a United States southern mixed coniferous-deciduous for est. Autocorrelative and fractal properties were measured in this opportunistic study to quantify changes in canopy architecture along twelve, 190-250 m transects that were subjected to moderate to high levels of wind disturbance. Prior to the hurricane, canopy heights were autocorrelated at scales <40 m with an average fractal dimension of 1.71. After the disturbance, autocorrelation disappeared; the average fractal dimension rose to 1.94. This shift towards spatial randomness illustrates part of the cyclical nature of ecosystem development. It shows how a catastrophic collapse of biomass accumulation corresponds to a decrease in ecosystem organization across a landscape. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

中国北方干旱半干旱地区宏观地貌的发育特征

分析了中国北方地区宏观地貌的基本特征、地质构造背景和地貌发育的主要影响因素,以期形成对北方干旱半干旱地区的自然地理条件、生态环境特征及农业发展基础条件的深刻认识,为生态环境的保护和区域农业规划提供参考。     

基于不同尺度的干旱区城市景观生态研究--以陕西榆林市为例

从区域与城市两个尺度水平 ,对毛乌素沙漠南缘的榆林市城市景观进行研究认为 :在大尺度水平上 ,区域景观生态特征对城市景观特征具有一定的控制作用 ,而城市景观强大的功能流对区域景观产生干扰作用。城市景观的空间扩展与演化 ,既受区域景观特征的影响 ,也是区域景观演化的一个有机构成部分 ;在小尺度空间上 ,景观功能区、景观斑块与廊道的格局与功能 ,对城市景观格局动态以及维持城市景观多样的生态功能具有重要意义。在不同的利益追求下形成的景观文化 ,将深刻地影响到区域与城市景观演化的方向与过程。     

关中平原小麦产量对气候变化区域响应的评价模型研究

根据关中地区宝鸡、西安、渭南与咸阳 4地 (市 )的 1 949～ 1 999年的逐年小麦单产记录序列以及 4地 (市 )的气象观测站点自建站以来至 2 0 0 0年近 5 0年的气象记录序列 ,对关中地区小麦产量与年均温、年降水作相关分析 ;探讨了关中地区小麦单产对气候变化区域响应的评价模型。结果发现 :关中平原气候具有暖干化趋势 ;随着气温变暖 ,小麦产量增加幅度减小 ;小麦产量对降水波动的响应比对气温波动的响应显著。     

植物生长调节剂在茄果类蔬菜上的应用进展

概述了植物生长调节剂的作用和当前茄果类蔬菜作物栽培中常用生长调节剂的种类、主要作用及其调控生理基础，指出了植物生长调节剂使用应注意的问题及其应用前景。