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111.
稀土元素对玉米幼苗生长及部分矿质元素吸收的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
玉米早49×多黄8的种子分别以0、2、5、10、40和100ppm 含80%La 和 Ce 的混合稀土溶液浸泡24小时。幼苗生长于 Hoagland 培养液,辅以人工光照和溶液通气。移栽两周后收获。测定株高、根长、植株叶面积、地上与地下部鲜重和干重以及植株各部分 La、Ce、Ca、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mo 的含量。结果表明,植株中稀土元素含量随处理的稀土浓 相似文献
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113.
超级稻“三定”栽培法研究
Ⅱ.不同施肥量对超级杂交稻产量及生长生理特性的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
2004—2005年在长沙(28°13′N)采用低肥(N 135kg/hm2、P 29.7kg/hm2、K 112.1kg/hm2)、中肥(N 180kg/hm2、P 39.6kg/hm2、K 149.4kg/hm2)、高肥(N 225kg/hm2、P 49.5kg/hm2、K 186.8kg/hm2)3种施肥水平,对超级杂交稻两优293和准两优527的产量及生长生理特性进行了比较研究。结果表明:在试验范围内不同施肥量处理间超级稻产量及有效穗、每穗粒数、结实率等产量构成差异不显著,2年平均产量以中肥处理最高,其中准两优527为9.03t/hm2,两优293为7.28t/hm2;不同年际间超级稻产量及有效穗、每穗粒数、结实率等产量构成差异显著;超级杂交稻准两优527和两优293的适宜氮肥用量为150~180kg/hm2。与准两优527比较,两优293茎秆粗壮,根系发达、根系活力强、分蘖力强、但分蘖成穗率不高,而准两优527前中期生长平稳,分蘖成穗率高,抽穗后光合产物积累多和运转率高,有利于高产形成,但不抗倒伏,生产上应适量减少氮肥施用量。 相似文献
114.
壳寡糖油菜种衣剂剂型应用效果研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
利用壳聚糖酶降解壳聚糖而得的壳寡糖为基本成分,配以化肥、微量元素及防腐剂等成分,进行混合,调制成较稳定的胶体溶液后拌种,对油菜种子发芽和出苗均无明显影响,但可促进油菜生长,提高壮苗率,增加产量,增产幅度在4.33%~9.67%,增产以增加每角果粒数为主。壳寡糖拌种可明显抑制油菜菌核病的发生,3个油菜品种的防治率分别为34.19%~44.1%。室内测定,较高浓度的壳寡糖(0.5~0.75mg/ml)对油菜菌核病菌丝生长有抑制作用,表明壳寡糖对油菜菌核病菌有抗性。 相似文献
115.
116.
基于状态机的植物生长模型可视化研究 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
在分析植物生长形态生理变化的基础上,揭示植物生长时空状态的变化规律,提出基于状态机的植物生长模型,并引入随机矢量真实预测植物的生长。根据该模型构建植物生长的可视化算法,合理组织有关植物生长的数据,并开发一个原型系统验证了该模型的有效性。 相似文献
117.
Sap flow meters based on the stem heat balance method were used to measure the mass flow rates or water use in young potted tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants of clones AHP S15/10 and BBK35. The meters were constructed on site and installed onto the stem or branch sections of field growing plants in an experiment originally designed to study the effects of plant population density and drought on the productivity and water use of young tea clones. The objective of the study was to use the SHB method as a first attempt to use sap flow meters for determining the water use of young tea growing in the field under well watered conditions in Tanzania. The results are reported and recommendation made for further work on using the technique. 相似文献
118.
119.
M. Dingkuhn B.B. Singh B. Clerget J. Chantereau B. Sultan 《Agricultural Water Management》2006,80(1-3):241-261
Asia's Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s has largely bypassed West Africa, and “modern” (high-yielding, input responsive) germplasm for staple crops has found comparatively little adoption, except for systems that are have good access to markets and sufficient water resources. It is unlikely, however, that breeding objectives conserving traditional crop characteristics as found in extensive systems would have been more successful. The authors identify systems caught in the agricultural transition from subsistence to intensified, market-oriented production as the most important target for crop improvement, and provide examples of new breeding objectives for cowpea, sorghum and upland rice. In each of these cases, breeders, with the help of physiologists, have developed innovative plant-type concepts that combine improved yield potential and input responsiveness with specific traditional crop characteristics that remain essential during the agricultural transition. In the case of cowpea, dual-purpose varieties were developed that produce a good grain yield due to an erect plant habit, then produce new leaves enabling a second harvest of green foliage. For upland rice systems that are limited by labour (mainly needed to control weeds that abound due to shortened fallow periods), a weed competitive plant type was developed from Oryza sativa × Oryza glaberrima crosses. Lastly, sorghum breeders who had previously deselected photoperiod sensitivity are now re-inserting sensitivity into plants having “modern” architecture, in order to allow for flexible sowing dates while maintaining an agro-ecologically optimal time of flowering near the end of the wet season. The ecophysiological basis of these plant types, their place in current and future cropping systems, as well as the problem of under-funding for their realisation, are discussed. 相似文献
120.
The root zone water quality model (RZWQM) was developed primarily for water quality research with a generic plant growth module primarily serving as a sink for plant nitrogen and water uptake. In this study, we coupled the CERES-Maize Version 3.5 crop growth model with RZWQM to provide RZWQM users with the option for selecting a more comprehensive plant growth model. In the hybrid model, RZWQM supplied CERES with daily soil water and nitrogen contents, soil temperature, and potential evapotranspiration, in addition to daily weather data. CERES-Maize supplied RZWQM with daily water and nitrogen uptake, and other plant growth variables (e.g., root distribution and leaf area index). The RZWQM-CERES hybrid model was evaluated with two well-documented experimental datasets distributed with DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) Version 3.5, which had various nitrogen and irrigation treatments. Simulation results were compared to the original DSSAT-CERES-Maize model. Both models used the same plant cultivar coefficients and the same soil parameters as distributed with DSSAT Version 3.5. The hybrid model provided similar maize prediction in terms of yield, biomass and leaf area index, as the DSSAT-CERES model when the same soil and crop parameters were used. No overall differences were found between the two models based on the paired t test, suggesting successful coupling of the two models. The hybrid model offers RZWQM users access to a rigorous new plant growth model and provides CERES-Maize users with a tool to address soil and water quality issues under different cropping systems. 相似文献