天台国清寺景区马尾松枯死的初步研究

经调查结果表明，天台县国清寺景区马尾松枯死的原因是，林分密度大、树种单一、松树生长衰弱、松墨天牛危害严重引起松树大量流脂导致逐渐枯死，但尚未发现松材线虫病危害。加强抚育管理，调整林分结构，培植阔叶树种，逐渐形成混交林，是国清寺景区风景林的发展方向。     

樟子松栗钙土造林效果初探

以樟子松4 a生容器苗在栗钙土上进行造林,采用每年2、2、2、1、1次连续抚育5 a,结果表明:当年成活率达到95.8%,3 a保存率为86.3%,最终保存率为81.2%,高于国家规定16个百分点;11 a生树高总高度为316.4 cm,未发现有病虫危害,长势良好。     

Relationship between Geographical Distribution of Pinus yunnanensis and Climate

A distribution map of Pinus yunnanensis was made according to the data on geographical distribution of P.yunnanensis by means of applying geographic information systems software ArcGIS, and the climatic parameters of the distribution areas for P.yunnanensis were determined by the climate forecast model Climate China.The relationship between the geographical distribution of P.yunnanensis and the climate was studied by adopting the indexes of Kira including the warmth index(WI),coldness index(CI) and aridity index (K),Xu’s humidity index(HI),Holdridge’s life temperature(BT),potential evapotranspiration (PET),potential evapotranspiration ratio(PER) and the single factors as the mean annual temperature, the mean temperature in January,the mean temperature in July,the mean annual precipitation, the>5℃accumulated temperature,the>18℃accumulated temperature,the maximum temperature, the minimum temperature,the temperature variation, the ratio of temperature and precipitation of the year, etc.And the Kira’s water-temperature indexes on distributional upper limit,low limit and north limit were discussed.The major climatic factors effecting the distribution of P.yunnanensis were screened out by statistical analysis software SPSS and the results showed the impact factors are in the order of temperature>humidity>the temperature difference between mean warmest month temperature and mean coldest month temperature.     

Trends of tree growth in Swedish forests 1953–1992: An analysis based on sample trees from the national forest inventory

Average tree height and basal area growth for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in Sweden were studied as functions of species, age, stand density, location and year of inventory in the period 1953–1992, on the basis of sample tree data from the National Forest Inventory. A highly significant annual increase of both height and basal area growth was found, of the magnitude 0.5–0.8%, during the 40 yr period. Possible reasons for the trend are discussed. The altered way of cutting in the early 1950s, from selective cutting to clear felling and thinning from below, has had a large impact. Also, improved regeneration methods, nitrogen fertilization and ditching have increased growth. The increasing atmospheric deposition of nitrogen is another possible factor.     

湖南马尾松遗传改良现状与策略

在叙述湖南马尾松20多年来于马尾松群体遗传改良、马尾松优良家系定向选择、马尾松基因资源收集与种子园营建等方面所取得成绩的基础上，探讨了目前马尾松遗传改良所存在的问题，提出了今后一段时期湖南马尾松遗传改良策略。     

红松结实性状优良无性系与个体选择

以吉林省露水河林业局宏伟种子园收集的红松全分布区的优树无性系为材料,对其结实性状进行观测与综合分析,结果表明:在628个无性系中,选择出红松结实性状特别优良的无性系11个,优良无性系51个,共计62个。为今后建设红松种子园和果林基地提供了实践依据与基因储备。     

红脂大小蠹及油松挥发物对捕食性天敌寄主选择行为的影响

利用树木解剖及昆虫饲养选择的方法调查红脂大小蠹的捕食性天敌,发现一种鞘翅目颚甲科的昆虫为红脂大小蠹的天敌.利用Y-型嗅觉仪进一步研究发现健康油松挥发物、虫害油松挥发物及虫粪挥发物对该天敌昆虫都有显著的引诱作用,尤其对虫害油松挥发物趋向行为更强烈.该天敌昆虫在栖境定位和寄主选择过程中所利用的挥发物主要来自上述3类挥发物.4种单萜烯化合物对此种天敌昆虫的室内引诱实验发现,(S)-( )-3-蒈烯对天敌的引诱作用较为强烈.     

药材植物淋出物对油松枯落物分解和土壤酶活性的影响

【目的】研究油松(Pinus tabuliformis)林下9种药材植物淋出物对油松枯落物分解和土壤酶活性的影响,为选择适宜油松林下种植的药材植物及适宜的林药复合模式提供依据。【方法】以秦岭山区广泛分布的典型油松林及林下9种常见药材植物蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)、地丁(Corydalis bungeana)、薄荷(Mentha haplocalyx)、鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata)、细辛(Asarum sieboldii)、荆芥(Nepeta cataria)、金银花(Lonicera japonica)、绞股蓝(Gynostemma pentaphyllum)和夏枯草(Prunella vulgaris)为研究对象,通过药材植物茎叶淋出物(以水浸提液模拟)喷浇油松枯落物进行分解试验,研究药材植物茎叶淋出物对油松枯落物分解速率、养分(C、N、P、Cu、Zn和Mn)释放和土壤酶活性的影响。【结果】蒲公英、地丁、薄荷、鱼腥草、金银花和荆芥的茎叶淋出物均显著抑制了油松枯落物的分解及总体养分释放(除金银花茎叶淋出物对N释放、荆芥茎叶淋出物对N和P的释放影响不显著外)。蒲公英、地丁、薄荷、鱼腥草和金银花茎叶淋出物均显著降低了土壤多酚氧化酶的活性,金银花茎叶淋出物降低了土壤中羧甲基纤维素酶活性,荆芥茎叶淋出物均显著降低了土壤中羧甲基纤维素酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。【结论】细辛、绞股蓝和夏枯草可与油松进行林药复合种植,其余6种药材植物应避免在油松林下种植或降低种植密度。     

红松果林经营技术与产业发展前景预测

红松是我国重要的名贵树种,为国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生植物。本文论述了红松资源分布特点、遗传改良方法、天然林与人工林经营、经济果林营建等相关技术,并对产业发展优势进行了分析预测。     

Below‐Canopy distribution of photosynthetically active radiation and its relation to seedling growth in a boreal Pinus sylvestris stand

A simulation model was used to predict the spatial distribution of direct and diffuse photosynthetically active radiation below a heterogenous canopy of a Pinus sylvestris stand in eastern Finland. Seedling growth was related to both measured and predicted radiation. The model predicted rather well the overall pattern of radiation distribution beneath the canopy. All the growth parameters of Pinus sylvestris seedlings (height, current height increment and mean height increment) correlated positively with the amount of both measured and predicted radiation. The correlation between seedling growth and irradiance was better for predicted diffuse radiation than for total radiation. This was probably because diffuse radiation, being symmetrically distributed around trees, correlates more strongly than direct radiation with other factors affecting seedling growth.