Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Actin Gene from Rehmannia glutinosa

[Objective] The aim of this study is to clone and analyze the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [Method] Degenerate primers were designed according to the conserved regions of actin sequences of Rehmannia glutinosa and its similar species,RT-PCR was next conducted to amplify the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [Result] The amplified fragment is 724 bp and correspondingly 240 amino acids. The BLAST results indicate that the homology between the amplified fragment and other higher plants for actin gene sequences and amino acid are more than 80% and 90%,respectively,suggesting that the amplified fragment is the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa. [Conclusion] Phylogenetic analysis shows that the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa has an intimate genetic relationship with actin7 gene of Nicotiana tabacum.     

Genetic polymorphism of plastid DNA in Tunisian date-palm germplasm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) detected with PCR-RFLP

Fifteen plastid fragments were amplified from a set of Tunisian date-palm accessions by PCR with consensus primers and analysed by RFLP. Polymorphic DNA bands were obtained as reliable molecular markers to estimate genetic distances among the accessions and to examine their phylogenetic relationships. The ctDNA PCR-RFLP method permitted the identification of two haplotypes that differ in the presence or absence of the HinfI restriction site. Phenetic groups composed of cultivars clustered together but does not constitute monophyletic groups. This typology agrees with the haplotypes' organization and provides a common genetic background within the implied varieties.     

用微卫星标记研究樱桃品种间的亲缘关系(英文)

从来自不同地理区域的36个樱桃基因型中筛选了33对不同樱桃品种的微卫星引物,以鉴定和描述他们的基因型并确定亲缘关系。33对微卫星引物中,29对获得了预期的扩增片段,17对引物在所研究的36个基因型中产生了多态性高、稳定扩增片段,17个位点共检测到71个等位基因。微卫星分子标记技术可以准确的鉴别所有樱桃品种的基因型,为微卫星序列的通用性提供强有力的证据,可以用蔷薇科李属的序列来区分樱桃品种的不同基因型,根据不同品种的地理起源及其亲缘关系用UPGMA聚类分析法对其基因型进行分类。     

Characterization of citrus germplasm including unknown variants by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to study phylogenetic relationships among 33 citrus genotypes including several undefined local or native varieties as well as some known varieties in the Fars Province of Iran.     

中国4个牛种MSTN基因外显子2多态性分析与其系统发生关系研究

[目的]解决牛亚科动物近缘物种的分类归属问题,了解牛亚科各种群遗传多样性。[方法]采用酚-氯仿抽提法从4个中国牛种中提取基因组DNA,对MSTN基因进行PCR扩增和测序,构建系统发育树,探讨4个牛种间MSTN基因外显子2的系统发生关系。[结果]MSTN基因外显子2编码区为372 bp。蒙古牛、牦牛和独龙牛的MSTN基因外显子2具有丰富的多态性。在所测66个样本中存在3个核苷酸多态位点,定义了6种单倍型。雷琼牛、蒙古牛、独龙牛与巴州牦牛享有共同的单倍型。巴州牦牛独自聚成一支,而雷琼牛与一部分独龙牛、大部分蒙古牛和引用瘤牛聚成一支。[结论]蒙古牛、雷琼牛、独龙牛种间存在着基因交流。牦牛与普通牛、瘤牛的分化较明显,比瘤牛与普通牛的亲缘关系要远。     

蒙古黄芪根腐病病原鉴定及防治药剂室内筛选

为鉴定青海省民和地区蒙古黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus)根腐病病原菌及筛选防治该病害的有效杀菌剂,本研究基于形态学特征、rDNA-ITS,TEF-1α和RPB2序列分析对蒙古黄芪根腐病病原进行鉴定,并利用菌丝生长速率法测定8种杀菌剂对病原菌的抑制作用。结果发现,引起黄芪根腐病的病原菌为腐皮镰刀菌(Fusarium soani)、逗号镰刀菌(F.virguliforme)、木贼镰刀菌(F.equiseti)和锐顶镰刀菌(F.acuminatum)。室内药剂试验表明硅唑·咪鲜胺对4种镰刀菌的抑制作用最好,EC₅₀在0.195～0.588 mg·L^-1之间;多菌灵对腐皮镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌和锐顶镰刀菌的抑制作用较强,EC₅₀在0.113～0.869 mg·L^-1之间;咯菌腈对逗号镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌和锐顶镰刀菌的抑制作用较强,EC₅₀在0.153～0.390 mg·L^-1之间;甲基硫菌灵、噁霉灵、溴菌腈和石硫合剂...     

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new Newcastle disease virus isolates from the mainland of China

Seventy-nine velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were obtained from infected chicken flocks during the outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) in various regions of the mainland of China in 2006. The F gene fragment (535 bp, from nt 47 to 581 of the F gene) which codes the main functional region of the F protein was obtained by RT-PCR and sequenced. All sequences obtained in this study have been submitted to GenBank. All the isolates have the motif ¹¹²R-R-Q/R-K/R-R-F¹¹⁷ at the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is typical of velogenic NDV isolates. For genotyping, a phylogenetic tree based on nucleotides 47–435 of the F gene was constructed, and the 79 isolates could be divided into two genotypes, namely VIId and III. Most of the isolates proved to be of genotype VIId; only two isolates were of genotype III. Genotype VIId NDV has been the predominant pathogen responsible for most Newcastle disease outbreaks in China. The proportion of isolates of genotype VIId NDV shows an increasing trend, according to studies on the molecular epidemiology of NDV in China from 2002 to 2006.     

Phylogenetic study and molecular identification of 31 Dendrobium species using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

The genetic diversity of the genus Dendrobium is not well known and the phylogenetic relationship of Dendrobium species are mainly determined by studies of the comparative vegetative anatomy and plant systematics. In the present study, we used the technique of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) to evaluate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among 31 Dendrobium species from Yunnan region of China. In total, 2368 bands were amplified by 17 ISSR primers, resulting from 278 ISSR loci with 100% polymorphism at genus level. Thirty-one species were unequivocally distinguished based on ISSR fingerprinting. Species-specific ISSR markers were identified in nine of 31 tested Dendrobium species. Unweighted pair-group mean analysis (UPGMA) showed that 31 Dendrobium species were grouped into six clusters, indicating the genus was polyphyletic with several well-supported lineages. The high polymorphism and reliable amplification across species demonstrated the utility of ISSR marker for species diagnosis and genetic diversity study of the genus Dendrobium.     

Antibiotic resistance,ESBL genes,integrons, phylogenetic groups and MLVA profiles of Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from patients with diarrhea and farm animals in south-east of Iran

The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, presence of class 1 and 2 integrons, Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) genes, phylogenetic group and epidemiological relationships of EPEC, ETEC and EHEC pathotypes isolated from patients with diarrhea and farm animals in south east region of Iran. A total of 671 diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) were collected from stool samples of 395 patients with diarrhea and 276 farm cattles and goats. Presence of EPEC, ETEC and EHEC were identified using multiplex-PCR employing primers targeted the shiga toxin (stx), intimin (eae), bundle forming pili (bfp), and enterotoxins (lt and st) genes. The highest proportion of the patients (64%) were children under age 1–15 year (p ≤ 0.05). Among the isolates, atypical EPEC was detected in 26 patients and 14 animal stool samples, while typical EPEC was found in 2 cattles. ETEC isolates were detected in stools of 13 patients and 4 EHEC was identified in 3 goats and one cattle. The isolates were checked for susceptibility to 14 antibiotics. 50% (n = 13) of EPEC and 61.5% (n =8) of ETEC showed multi-drug resistance (MDR) profiles and one EPEC was found to be extensive drug resistant (XDR). In contrast, EHEC isolates were susceptible to the majority of antimicrobial agents. The MDR isolates were positive for bla_TEM and bla_CTX-M ESBL genes and carried class 1 integrons. Further study on the biofilm formation indicated that, 3 out of 4 EHEC isolates showed strong biofilm, while other pathotypes had either moderate, weak or no biofilm activity. Majority of EPEC isolates were belonged to phylogenetic group B1, all except one ETEC were classified as phylogenetic group A and two EHEC were belonged to phylogroup D, respectively. A multilocus variable tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) exhibited 22 distinct patterns. In conclusion, MLVA data showed high clonal diversity. Presence of EHEC in animal origins pose public health concern in this region.     

Sequence Analysis of mtDNA COIGene and Molecular Phylogeny of Different Geographical Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) is a serious pest in many cropping systems worldwide and occurs in different biotypes. The mtDNA COI gene of the 12 Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) populations from different regions and countries were analyzed.Based on mtDNA COI sequences, their biotypes were characterized and phylogenetic relationships among these populations were established with the method of UPGMA. The results indicated the genetic similarity between those populations from Beijing, Zhengzhou, Zaozhuang, Nanjing, Shanghai, Haikou, and the B-biotype populations from California, Texas, Arizona reached 99.8-100%, which meant the nation-wide infested populations of B. tabaci in China in recent years were B-biotypes. Another population collected from Kunming of Yunnan Province showed very high similarity with Q-biotype B. tabaci from Spain and Morocco, which meant the Kunming population was Q-biotype. This is the first report on the invasion of Q-biotype into China.