玫瑰天竺葵组培快繁技术的研究

分别以玫瑰天竺葵的幼叶、叶柄、茎尖为外植体进行离体组培快繁技术研究,结果表明:最适宜的外植体为幼叶。经优化,叶柄丛生芽诱导的最佳培养基为:MS BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.2 mg/L;茎尖丛生芽诱导的最佳培养基为:MS BA 0.5 mg/L KT0.5 mg/L;继代增殖培养基为:MS BA 2.0 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L;生根培养基为:1/2MS IBA 0.5 mg/L。     

Detection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii in geranium and greenhouse nutrient solution by serological and PCR techniques

Specificity of a new monoclonal antibody, 2H5, to Xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii, causal agent of geranium bacterial blight, was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence tests on 14 strains of X. c. pelargonii, 12 strains of other X. campestris pathovars, 3 strains of other Xanthomonas spp., 3 strains of other plant pathogens, and 43 saprophytic bacteria isolated from geranium. X. c. pelargonii was detected in tissue from symptomatic and asymptomatic geraniums sampled from commercial growers, and artificially inoculated plants, by monoclonal antibody-based tests. The intensity of response in ELISA was only moderately correlated (r = 0.56) with symptom severity, while symptom severity was not correlated (r = 0.16) with the number of fluorescing cells in immunofluorescence. The bimodal frequency distribution of ELISA and immunofluorescence results served to validate arbitrarily chosen positive/negative threshold values. Most positive ELISA and immunofluorescence test results were confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using published primers (Manulis et al., 1994. Appl. Environ. Microbiol 60, 4094-4099). In contrast to plant tissue, the bacterium was detected in greenhouse nutrient solution with greater sensitivity by immunofluorescence and PCR than by ELISA. Sensitivity of detection was enhanced 100-fold by concentration of the bacteria by centrifugation.     

PP333对盆栽蚊净香草观赏效果的影响

为了解PP333对盆栽蚊净香草观赏效果的影响，采用不同浓度的PP333对盆栽蚊净香草进行了盆土浇施和叶面喷施处理，结果表明，盆土浇施50-200mg／L，叶面喷施250～500mg／L的PP333能有效地提高盆栽蚊净香昌的观赏效果，而盆土浇施400mg／L以上，叶面喷施1000mg／L以上的PP333会造成不同程度的药害。在适宜的浓度下，盆土浇施效果优于叶面喷施。     

天竺葵组织培养研究进展

对天竺葵组织培养的研究进展进行了综述,包括外植体的选择、培养基的选择、植物生长调节剂的使用、组培条件、褐化和玻璃化的控制等方面内容,分析了目前天竺葵组织培养中存在的问题,并对天竺葵组织培养发展进行了展望。     

不同施肥及采剪措施对香叶天竺葵出油率及生物产量的影响

为研究施肥措施及采剪时期对香叶天竺葵的出油率及生物量的影响,于2011年3～9月对云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所试验基地种植的香叶天竺葵(Pelargonium gravelens L.)进行不同施肥方法及不同采剪时期对出油率和生物量影响的试验研究.结果表明:施N、P、K复合肥比单一施氮肥出油率高,施N、P、K复合肥的同时再进行叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾出油率最高;春季进行采剪的香叶天竺葵出油率低,夏秋季采剪则出油率较高;采剪50 cm以上的壮枝,保留底部弱嫩枝条继续生长的采剪措施,其可采剪次数以及所获得的生物量与整株一次采剪完相比明显增加.说明不同施肥方法及采剪时期的选择对香叶天竺葵出油率影响较大,采剪措施是获得香叶天竺葵生物产量的关键因素之一.     

马蹄纹天竺葵异倍型嵌合体不同层体细胞染色体数目的直接测定

Shoot meristem of many flowering plant species consists of threeindependent cell layers (L1 ,L2 and L3) (Tilney-Bassett ,1986) .The cells inthetwo outerlayers (L1 ,L2) divide anticlinallyinthe samelayer whilethoseininnerlayer (L3) divideinany plane (Bartonet al.,1993 ;Li ,2005) .If the genotypes of cells at least twolayers in a plant meristemare different ,theplantis called chimera (Tilney-Bassett ,1986 ; Burgeet al.,2002) . When one or more entire cell layer(s) are geneticallydifferentfr…     

蚊净香草的离体快繁工艺

[目的]研究蚊净香草试管繁殖的诱导、分化、继代、生根、移栽等过程,筛选优良试管苗。[方法]以蚊净香草的侧芽、展开幼叶为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,加不同浓度的6-BA、IAA,进行外植体的启动培养。[结果]侧芽适宜的诱导培养基为6-BA 0.2 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L;叶片和叶柄的最佳诱导分化培养基为6-BA 0.5~1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.25~0.50 mg/L;快速繁殖培养基以6-BA 0.2 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L最好;生根培养基以1/2MS+NAA0.2 mg/L效果较好;适宜的移栽基质为草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=3∶2∶1。[结论]移栽时用保护性杀菌剂多菌灵等防止杂菌的滋生,可以有效提高移栽成活率。     

香叶天竺葵的离体培养研究

以香叶天竺葵的嫩茎为外植体进行组织培养研究,结果表明:培养基MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L既适合于愈伤组织的诱导,也适合于不定芽的分化增殖;培养基1/2MS+BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.7 mg/L为生根诱导的最佳配方。组培苗的过渡成活率可达到90%以上。     

Variation of chromosome numbers and essential oil components of plants derived from anther culture of the diploid and the tetraploid in Pelargonium roseum

Summary Anthers of the diploid (2n=77) and the colchi-tetraploid (2n=154) Pelargonium roseum were cultured in vitro. In both ploidy level anthers containing uninucleate or binucleate microspores were incubated on a modified White's medium. Calli formed were then subcultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium for organoid differentiation. Plants developed from organoids were transferred to filter paper bridges and after that transplanted into pots. Plants derived from anthers of the tetraploid had diploid chromosome number. Wide variation of their essential oil components suggested their genetic heterogeneity. Further, high correlations between different seasons in the rate of essential oil components showed that the wide variation was due to genetic differences. Therefore, these plants probably originated from pollen grains. On the other hand, plants derived from anthers of the diploid had diploid chromosome number. Small variation and low correlations between different seasons in essential oil components indicated their genetic homogeneity. Their origin was ascribable to the somatic tissues of the mother plant. It is concluded that in plant species in which usual sexual reproduction is difficult, anther culture of chromosome-doubled plants will give a useful method for obtaining genetic variation.     

Development of an Efficient Plant Regeneration System for Pelargonium×Citrosum Vanleenii

[Objective]As a mosquito-repelling ornamental plant,Pelargonium×Citrosum Vanleenii(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii)is hard to be acquired because of its hybrid background,the paper was to a new regeneration system of(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii).[Method] By studying the influence of plant growth regulators(PGRs)on explant type(leaves and petioles),the optimal combinations of PGRs to maximize SELSs(somatic embryo-like structure)and buds were established.[Result]0.2 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L BA was best for LS(leaves segments)and 0.2 mg/L NAA + 1.5 mg/L BAs was best for PS(petioles segments).Cultured plantlets were successfully acclimatized in soil where they grew normally without any morphological variation.Although both LS and PS were usable,the leaf was a better explant for induction of embryogenic calli,somatic embryo-like structures and buds.[Conclusion]This work offered a rapid and efficient system for plant regeneration of P.×Citrosum Vanleenii.