Effects of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate on epididymal sperm parameters in adult male rats

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is widely used as a flame retardant and is known to exhibit anti-androgenic effects in vitro and in vivo. To assess the reproductive toxicity potency of TDCIPP, we investigated the effects of 7 days of TDCIPP oral administration on epididymal sperm motion and concentration in adult male Wistar–Imamichi rats. Thirty-five days after the final administration, sperm parameters were evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis. Results showed that sperm swimming progression and vigor and sperm concentration in TDCIPP-treated rats were unexpectedly higher than those in control rats. TDCIPP did not significantly affect the percentage of motile sperms or sperm swimming pattern. These results contribute to the understanding of the biological effects of TDCIPP.     

几种杀虫剂对香蕉花蓟马的田间防治试验

选用60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂、5%啶虫脒乳油、480 g/L毒死蜱乳油、450 g/L吡虫啉微乳剂、240 g/L螺虫乙酯悬浮剂、1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油和200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂等7种杀虫剂对香蕉花蓟马进行了田间防治试验。结果表明: 当采用每间隔两天施药时,7种供试药剂对香蕉花蓟马都具一定的防治效果,其中以240 g/L螺虫乙酯悬浮剂0.25ml/L对该虫的防效最高,为87.92%,其次为60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂0.67 ml/L,其防效为86.02%,再次是450 g/L吡虫啉微乳剂0.33 ml/L,防效为72.00%;5%啶虫脒乳油0.67ml/L、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂0.33 ml/L、480 g/L毒死蜱乳油0.5 ml/L、1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油0.33 ml/L对该虫的防效分别为：62.63%、54.48%、51.47%和45.91%,显著低于240 g/L螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂。     

柑橘褐斑病菌对不同抗性柑橘品种防御酶活性的影响

以柑橘褐斑病高抗品种Lw8,中抗品种L2,高感品种Lw14为实验材料,通过孢子喷雾法使柑橘褐斑病菌感染柑橘叶片,研究接菌0d、1d、2d、3d、6d、8d、10d时,柑橘叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、几丁质酶(CHT)酶和β-1,3葡聚糖酶(GLU)含量及活性变化规律与品种抗病性的关系。结果表明,接种前,两个抗病品种Lw8、L2中的POD、SOD、PAL、PPO 、GLU、CHT活性显著高于高感品种Lw14,CAT活性则与高感品种Lw14相近;接种后,3个不同抗性品种中SOD、POD、CAT、PAL、PPO 、GLU、CHT 7种防御酶活性较对照明显提高,但不同品种增加幅度不一致,除CAT外,其余6种防御酶活性均表现为抗病品种Lw8、L2增幅显著高于高感品种Lw14,且两个抗病品种一般在接菌3d内6种防御酶活性迅速升高并达到峰值;而高感品种Lw14防御酶(除CAT外)活性或增幅较小或较两个抗病品种滞后。本研究初步探讨了不同抗性品种接种褐斑病菌后7种防御酶的活性动态变化与柑橘品种抗病性关系,为进一步研究其抗病机理奠定基础。     

油菜黑胫病菌和茎基溃疡病菌的LAMP检测方法的建立

油菜黑胫病和油菜茎基溃疡病分别由子囊菌Leptosphaeria biglobosa和L.maculans引起.我国油菜产区仅发现L.biglobosa,未发现L.maculans.因而,L.maculans是我国的对外检疫性对象.这两种真菌形态相似,引起的病害症状相似,给田间快速准确鉴定带来难度.本研究基于环介导等温...     

油茶幼林结实与果枝特性研究

通过对油茶自花授粉全同胞子代、无性系间控制授粉全同胞子代、半同胞子代和无性系四种不同群体的结果枝特性和开花结实特点等主要经济性状的研究,揭示了四种群体及其优良林分的结实特性和产量规律,为油茶杂交组合、优良家系和无性系等良种的生产应用和栽培技术、以及进一步开展杂交和选择育种研究积累了必要的技术和理论知识。     

A 13CO2 Enrichment Experiment to Study the Synthesis Pathways of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of the Haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea

The production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in Tisochrysis lutea was studied using the gradual incorporation of a ¹³C-enriched isotopic marker, ¹³CO₂, for 24 h during the exponential growth of the algae. The ¹³C enrichment of eleven fatty acids was followed to understand the synthetic pathways the most likely to form the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids 20:5n-3 (EPA) and 22:6n-3 (DHA) in T. lutea. The fatty acids 16:0, 18:1n-9 + 18:3n-3, 18:2n-6, and 22:5n-6 were the most enriched in ¹³C. On the contrary, 18:4n-3 and 18:5n-3 were the least enriched in ¹³C after long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as 20:5n-3 or 22:5n-3. The algae appeared to use different routes in parallel to form its polyunsaturated fatty acids. The use of the PKS pathway was hypothesized for polyunsaturated fatty acids with n-6 configuration (such as 22:5n-6) but might also exist for n-3 PUFA (especially 20:5n-3). With regard to the conventional n-3 PUFA pathway, Δ6 desaturation of 18:3n-3 appeared to be the most limiting step for T. lutea, “stopping” at the synthesis of 18:4n-3 and 18:5n-3. These two fatty acids were hypothesized to not undergo any further reaction of elongation and desaturation after being formed and were therefore considered “end-products”. To circumvent this limiting synthetic route, Tisochrysis lutea seemed to have developed an alternative route via Δ8 desaturation to produce longer chain fatty acids such as 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3. 22:6n-3 presented a lower enrichment and appeared to be produced by a combination of different pathways: the conventional n-3 PUFA pathway by desaturation of 22:5n-3, the alternative route of ω-3 desaturase using 22:5n-6 as precursor, and possibly the PKS pathway. In this study, PKS synthesis looked particularly effective for producing long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The rate of enrichment of these compounds hypothetically synthesized by PKS is remarkably fast, making undetectable the ¹³C incorporation into their precursors. Finally, we identified a protein cluster gathering PKS sequences of proteins that are hypothesized allowing n-3 PUFA synthesis.     

黄粉虫壳聚糖溶液黏度特性的研究

了解壳聚糖溶解特性,对其应用及产品开发有重要意义。分别以甲酸、乙酸、盐酸为溶剂配制成一定浓度的黄粉虫壳聚糖溶液。测定了不同情况下黄粉虫壳聚糖溶液黏度的变化情况,试验结果表明:(1)黄粉虫壳聚糖溶液黏度随溶液浓度的增加而增加;(2)溶液黏度随存放时间的延长而降低;(3)溶液黏度随温度的升高而降低;(4)溶液黏度随溶剂中酸浓度增加和酸性增强而下降。     

水牛卵母细胞孤雌激活及孤雌胚与体外受精胚发育比较

比较了水牛卵母细胞体外成熟时间对孤雌激活胚发育能力的影响,以及不同化学激活方法对水牛卵母细胞孤雌激活效果的影响,并在相同条件下,对孤雌激活胚与体外受精胚的发育能力进行了比较.结果表明,水牛卵母细胞体外成熟27 h或30 h的囊胚发育率(19.0%、17.7%)明显高于体外成熟21 h或24h的囊胚发育率(12.3%、13.8%);Ion联合6-DMAP激活水牛卵母细胞的效果优于其他几组激活方法;在相同条件下,孤雌激活胚与体外受精胚的发育能力存在着差异,其中卵裂率差异不显著,但孤雌激活胚的囊胚发育率显著高于体外受精胚.     

银海枣褐斑病的病原鉴定与化学防治

对广东省新近发现的一种银海枣叶部病害进行了病原鉴定,该病病原为链格孢Alternaria alternata（Fr.）Keissl．以生长速率法和孢子萌发法对该病害进行化学防治试验的结果表明：在参试的11种杀菌剂中,叶斑净和世高的防治效果最好,对病斑扩展的抑制率分别达52．82％和33．62％．