‘条纹紫竹’的历史记录及其国际登录

条纹紫竹Phyllostachys nigra ‘Shimadake’属于刚竹属Phyllostachys Sieb. & Zucc.的紫竹P. nigra （Lodd. ex Lindl.） Munro,为紫竹种下一栽培品种,特征与紫竹近似,区别在于其秆上有宽窄不同的纵向条纹。若秆紫色则为绿色条纹;若秆绿色,则为紫色条纹。该竹最早（1972年）发现于日本岛根、广岛,后引入美国、法国栽培。2017年在中国四川成都望江楼公园首次被发现,后引入都江堰栽培,至今特征稳定、生长良好。该品种已于2021年4月通过了国际竹类栽培品种登录权威的新品种国际登录认证,国际登录号：No. WB-001-2021-050。     

新西伯利亚黑杨嫩枝扦插技术研究

本试验对新西伯利亚黑杨嫩枝扦插与营养基质、插穗剪取部位以及不同插穗处理等关系进行了研究。结果表明,以蛭石土为扦插基质成活率较高,生长量最大;扦插成活率与插穗是否带叶片关系不大;扦插成活率基本不受插穗剪取部位的影响,即使是木质化程度非常低的嫩枝梢头也可作为扦插材料;利用2个营养杯叠加的方法,可使产苗量增加近2倍,大大加快扦插繁育速度。     

Utilization of Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization for the Transfer of Disease Resistance from Brassica nigra to Brassica napus

Asymmetric somatic hybrid calli were produced between Brassica napus and a transgenic (Hyg ^R) line of B. nigra using a donor recipient fusion method for the production of cybrids. The transgenic line of B. nigra used as a donor also possessed genetic resistance to the pathogenic fungi Phoma lingam and Plasmodiophora brassicae. Using hygromycin for selection, 332 hybrid calli were obtained from which 30 produced shoots (1—-20 per callus) which were rooted on a hormone-free culture medium. The rooted shoots were transferred into soil and cultivated in a growth chamber where the plants were tested for resistance against the two pathogens. Out of 129 hybrid plants tested for resistance against P. brassicae, 30 (23.3 %) plants proved to be resistant and from 78 plants tested for resistance against P. lingam, 41 (52.6 %) plants remained disease-free after infection.     

Assessment of transgene escape from Brassica rapa (B. campestris) into B. nigra or Sinapis arvensis

The possibility of gene transfer between Brassica rapa and the two weedy species B. nigra and Sinapis arvensis was evaluated with the special concern on transgene escape from B. rapa to these two weedy species. B. rapa cultivar Tobin was reciprocally crossed to five and four strains of B. nigra and S. arvensis, respectively, using controlled cross. A single interspecific hybrid was obtained from the cross B. rapa×B. nigra, but no other cross was successful. The fertility of this hybrid on open pollination, selfing and backcrosses was investigated. The data of the present study and the information available to date indicate that gene transfer between B. rapa and B. nigra is possible. The chance of transgene escape from B. rapa to B. nigra depends essentially on whether natural cross can occur between these two species. Gene transfer between B. rapa and S. arvensis is at the most difficult, whereas trans-gene escape directly from B. rapa to S. arvensis appears very unlikely.     

Genetic analysis and nomenclature for seven isozyme systems in Brassica nigra, B. oleracea and B. campestris

General criteria for the assignment of names to enzyme systems, regions of activity, isozyme loci and allozymes have been lacking in crucifer species. This paper proposes a standard nomenclature for seven isozyme systems in the three diploid species of U's triangle: Brassica nigra, B. oleracea and B. campestris. Gel/electrode buffers, which provided the best resolution for seven isozyme systems, acid phosphatase (APS), aconitase (ACO), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6 PGD), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), were proposed as standards. Isozyme genetic analysis was determined for B. oleracea and B. campestris from previous studies and by segregation of selfed progenies of heterozygous B. nigra plants. Several populations were studied and 148 allozymes at the 18 loci observed were described for the three species. Their relative mobility was studied using a pure line of oilseed rape as reference. The comparison of the different alleles within and between the species is discussed.     

转基因单倍体小黑杨对天幕毛虫的抗性分析

以转基因单倍体小黑杨对天幕毛虫幼虫抗性进行研究,结果表明:该转基因小黑杨可延缓天幕毛虫幼虫发育,与对照相比转基因株系TT1和TT3分别使1～3龄的幼虫发育延缓1.24d和2.92d;取食TT18～19d的幼虫平均体质量与对照相比下降1.42%～17.37%、取食TT38～19d幼虫平均体质量下降10.77%～24.80%;取食TT14～18d的幼虫校正死亡率为9.52%～49.32%、取食TT34～18d的幼虫校正死亡率为11.11%～52.70%;取食转基因植株TT1幼虫的蜕皮指数2.969～3.769、毒力为0.010～0.026,取食转基因植株TT3幼虫的蜕皮指数2.906～3.714、毒力为0.032～0.041。     

奥地利黑松的生长特性及抗寒性研究

该文通过育苗、造林试验和实验室测定,研究了奥地利黑松的生长特性及抗寒性.结果表明:奥地利黑松幼苗根系发达,主根长、侧根粗壮、层次明显,鲜质量大,与乡土树种油松形成鲜明对照.苗木地径生长量显著大于油松;高生长较快的季节出现在6月下旬至8月下旬,生长量占全年总量的42.3%.31年生奥地利黑松的高生长速生期出现在第15～20年,生长量占树高的32.1%.与油松相比,奥地利黑松树高生长较慢,胸径大于油松,材积年生长量0.007 4 m3,是油松的2倍.人工冷冻处理,测定针叶组织的电解质渗出率,在-20～-40℃条件下,奥地利黑松电解质渗出率明显大于油松;用拟合的Logistic测算出组织的半致死温度（LT50）,奥地利黑松的LT50为-16.2 ℃,油松的LT50为-17.9 ℃,其抗寒性比油松弱.针叶组织中较低的束缚水含量、K+含量、类胡萝卜素含量、ABA含量是奥地利黑松抗寒性弱的主要原因.