Amelioration of Drought-Induced Transplanting Shock in Rice by an Abscisic Acid Analog in Combination with the Growth Retardant Tetcyclacis

The protective effect of a synthetic terpenoid analog of abscisic acid (ABA), coded LAB 173711, on transplant shock in rice was investigated under field conditions. Rice seedlings (Fujisaka 5 and IR 20) were taken from a seed bed and their roots were immersed in aqueous solutions of the growth regulators for 24 h. Afterwards they were drought-stressed for 3 or 6 h by exposing them to direct sunlight before they were transplanted to the field. A pretreatment with either LAB 173711 alone or in combination with the growth retardant tetcyclacis reduced the loss of water during the exposure to sunlight, increased the percentage of survival of the seedlings in the field, and increased the percentage of grain filling of the plants which had survived. The combined application of growth regulators was most effective and may be useful for minimizing transplant shock in rice and other crops.     

Direct and indirect impacts of integrated pest management on pesticide use: a case of rice agriculture in Java, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Integrated pest management (IPM) technology has been disseminated since 1989 in Indonesia to cut down pesticide use, but the adoption and diffusion of the technology are still debated. This study aims to estimate the models of demand for pesticides and to analyse the impact of IPM technology on pesticide use. Aggregate cross-section time series data from 1990-1998 are used.RESULTS: The results show that IPM technology reduces the use of pesticides by improving the process of rice production, such that pesticides are more efficiently used. In this case, the IPM technology is not a pest control technique.CONCLUSION There is an indication that IPM technology has been adopted by farmers. This is evidence that the IPM programme in Indonesia was successful in this area. Copyright (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry.     

广两优676在尤溪县种植表现及作烟后稻高产栽培技术

广两优676系福建兴禾种业科技有限公司和福建省农业科学院水稻研究所合作育成的两系杂交稻新品种,具有丰产性好、米质优、熟期适中、适应性广等特点。介绍了广两优676在尤溪县的种植表现、主要特征特性及作烟后稻的高产栽培技术。     

大米胶稠度近红外光谱分析数学模型的建立

胶稠度是评价大米蒸煮食用品质的重要指标之一。研究了运用近红外光谱分析技术检测大米胶稠度的测试原理，对60个样品的光谱数据用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立了测定大米胶稠度的数学模型，其回判结果与化学分析值之间的相关系数为0.95，建模标准差为0.66；用41个样品对建立的数学模型进行了交叉验证，其检测结果与用标准化学分析方法测得结果的相关系数达0.92，预测标准差为0.78。试验证明，可以利用近红外光谱分析技术对大米胶稠度进行快速检测。     

检测南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒胶体金免疫试纸条的建立

由白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera(Horváth)传播的南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice blackstreaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)是目前我国南方水稻上危害最严重的病毒,为开发简便、快速、准确的SRBSDV病毒检测技术和检测试剂,以感染SRBSDV的植物粗提液为免疫原,利用杂交瘤技术制备了2株抗SRBSDV的单抗(14A8和15G6),并利用制备的单抗建立了可快速、特异、灵敏地检测SRBSDV的胶体金免疫试纸条。结果表明,2株制备单抗的抗体类型及亚类均为Ig G1、kappa链,单抗腹水的间接ELISA效价均达到10~(-7);Western blot分析表明,2株单抗均与SRBSDV的外壳蛋白亚基有特异反应,而不与水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Rice black-streaked dwarf virus,RBSDV)反应。以制备14A8和15G6单抗分别为捕获抗体和胶体金标记抗体,开发成能在5 min内准确、特异地检测水稻植物和白背飞虱传毒介体体内SRBSDV的胶体金免疫试纸条;灵敏度分析表明,该检测试纸条的检测水稻病叶的灵敏度达到1∶6 400倍(g/m L),检测单头携毒白背飞虱的灵敏度达到1∶51 200倍(单头/μL)。田间样品检测结果表明,该试纸条的检测结果与RT-PCR的符合率达到100%。建立的SRBSDV胶体金免疫试纸条可对南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒进行快速、特异、灵敏的诊断和检测。     

用动态摄影测试水稻插秧机性能

本文提出了动态摄影的概念,并研制出其实用装置,用来拍摄插秧机分插机构秧爪运动轨迹照片,对研究、试制及鉴定插秧机性能起了重要作用。     

寒地早粳稻秆部性状与产量关系的研究

针对寒地特殊的生态环境,以180份不同基因型早粳稻为材料,较系统地探讨了秆部性状与产量及产量构成因素之间的相互关系。研究表明:在节间长度配置上,在一定范围之内,控制倒3节间长度、增加倒1、倒2节间的长度有利于提高产量,并且对倒1、倒3节间长的选择是最为有效的。在节间粗度配置上,在保证倒1节间粗的基础上,增加其下部节间的粗度有利于高产。增加基因型的基部节间重、单位茎鞘长干重、单株干重是有利于高产的。适当增加株高和秆长来提高生物产量可能是今后水稻超高产育种的发展方向。在进行茎部性状综合评价时,基部节间重、倒2节间粗、单位秆长干重和穗颈节长4个因子就足以代表12个茎部性状的全部信息量。     

超级稻配套高产栽培技术

为了更好地推广超级稻高产栽培技术,根据超级稻的特征特性,因地制宜地制定出适合南平市延平区推广的超级稻栽培技术,主要包括选用适宜和适应性强的超级稻品种、适时播种、培育壮秧、合理密植、精量施肥、病虫防治等内容。     

移动式低温烘干机干燥晚籼稻生产性试验

本文对移动式低温烘干机干燥晚籼稻进行了生产性试验，对其应用效果和使用过程中存在的问题客观科学地加以分析研究，从中积累经验，为进一步应用提供了技术支持。