支持细胞中促卵泡素信号通路研究进展

支持细胞在精子生成过程中起重要作用,支持细胞的数量决定睾丸大小、生精细胞数量以及最终生成精子数量。促卵泡素作为保证雄性生育能力的重要激素之一,通过与支持细胞上的促卵泡素受体结合,诱导5种信号途径,导致支持细胞中各类转录因子被激活,引起基因表达发生变化,从而保证生精细胞顺利发育成精子。文章主要围绕支持细胞中促卵泡素信号途径,及其对细胞发育过程中相关基因表达的影响等方面进行了综述。     

烟草综合利用现状及其前景

目前我国种植的烟草主要用作卷烟原料,但烟草栽培上的副产物以及卷烟工业中的废次物占其生物学产量一半以上,如何合理综合利用烟草关系到我国烟草农业以及卷烟工业的可持续发展。从烟草各个部位、卷烟工业废次物以及转基因烟草三个方面对国内外烟草综合利用的现状作一简要综述,并对烟草的综合利用前景进行展望。     

水稻胚乳突变体筛选与特性研究进展

本文在简要介绍胚乳的发育、组成及品质性状遗传的基础上,综述了与淀粉、蛋白质和微营养相关的系列胚乳突变及相关性状的基因定位。胚乳突变主要包括糯性、暗色、云雾状、糖质、皱缩、粉质米、低直链淀粉、高直链淀粉、低粘滞性、高抗性淀粉、低水溶性蛋白、蛋白体缺失、高赖氨酸、高铁、低植酸等方面。     

杧果PEPC基因家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析

PEPC家族蛋白在植物光合碳同化过程中起到重要作用,同时具有多种非光合生物学功能,目前杧果中尚未报道。本研究对杧果MiPEPCs进行了全基因组鉴定,并分析了它们在不同组织（包括成熟叶片、成熟树皮、种子、根、花、果肉和果皮）和两个品种（高糖品种‘台农1号’和低糖品种‘热农1号’）中的表达情况。结果获得4个杧果MiPEPC基因家族成员,其理化特征较为相似,且所有MiPEPCs蛋白亚细胞定位预测均存在与细胞质中。基因组定位发现杧果MiPEPCs分布于4条不同的染色体。联合拟南芥,水稻,菠萝的PEPCs进行系统进化分析显示可分为2个亚组,MiPEPCs分布在第I（PTPC）和II亚族（BTPC）。杧果植物型MiPEPCs和细菌型MiPEPCs分离时间早于单子叶植物和双子叶植物的分离时间,两者蛋白序列差异大,但仍具有一定的保守性。顺式作用元件分析显示,MiPEPCs含有数量较多的光响应元件和激素响应元件。转录组表达分析结合qPCR实验验证发现,MiPEPCs在不同杧果组织中的表达具有偏好性,可能参与杧果的多个生物学过程（包含光合和非光合过程）,并初步推测MiPEPC1、MiPEPC3可能与杧果果实成熟过程。本研究为进一步探究MiPEPC家族在杧果中的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

Cloning,Expression and Bioinformatics Analysis of Enterococcus faecalis from Northeast Black Bear

In order to detect Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis antigen (EfaA) of bear that was used to disclose the infected Northeast Black bear immediately, a pair of PCR primers was synthesized by EfaA gene of Enterococcus faecalis that was recorded in GenBank (accession number:U03756.1) and the target fragment was 689 bp. The PCR product was cloned by pMD19-T vector, then was transferred to Escherichia coli DH5α competent cells and the positive clones were filtered. Recombinant plasmid (pMD19-T-EfaA) was extracted. Identification of PCR and digestion, sequencing, the structure prediction of proteins were operated. The results showed that EfaA gene was cloned successfully, and the gene homology with ATCC 29212 was 100.0%. pMD19-T-EfaA was constructed successfully, structure of proteins was predicted. This study provided theoretical basis for diagnostic methods of Enterococcus faecalis and laid basis for prevention and control of Northeast Black bear disease.     

鸡新城疫病毒洛阳分离株HN基因的克隆和序列分析

应用RT PCR技术从新城疫病毒洛阳分离株中扩增HN的cDNA片段,并将其克隆至pMD18 T载体进行核苷酸序列测定。结果表明:新城疫分离株HN基因片段长度为1716bp,编码571个氨基酸;推测出的氨基酸序列中有5个糖基化位点,12个半胱氨酸残基;与国内外的14株新城疫毒株HN基因相比,核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为66.4%~98.5%和87.8%~98.3%;与标准毒株Lasota和Clone30的亲缘关系较远,核苷酸和氨基酸差异性较大,而与天津分离株和云南分离株的亲缘关系较近,基本属于同一基因群。     

与黄瓜抗枯萎病基因连锁的RAPD标记

以黄瓜抗枯萎病亲本WIS2757和感枯萎病亲本津研2号及其F2分离群体为试材,采用分离群体分组分析法(BSA)进行了与黄瓜抗枯萎病基因连锁的分子标记研究。运用RAPD技术,利用780条RAPD引物对抗、感亲本进行筛选,其中有113条引物在两亲本之间表现多态性,但仅有引物S49在两组间多态性标记与亲本的多态性标记相同。经F2单株分析,引物S49扩增出的特异DNA片段与WIS2757抗黄瓜枯萎病基因连锁,遗传距离为14 cM。DNA标记条带大约为300 bp,定名为S49-300。     

葡萄糖氧化酶基因植物表达载体的构建

为进一步开展转基因研究创造条件,用限制性内切酶将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)基因从pMD/GO载体上切下,定向连接到植物表达载体pROKⅡ的CaMV35S启动子下游和NOS终止子上游,成功地构建了GOD基因植物表达载体pROK/GO。利用冻融法将此表达载体导入根癌农杆菌LBA4404中,提取转化质粒,经PCR和酶切鉴定表明,GOD基因植物表达双元载体构建成功。     

华薯和鄂薯系列马铃薯品种晚疫病抗病基因及水平抗性相关基因SNP位点检测

鄂薯和华薯系列马铃薯品种是由湖北恩施中国南方马铃薯研究中心和华中农业大学马铃薯团队选育而成的品种.鄂薯系列马铃薯品种大多为中晚熟品种,适合西南山区种植;华薯系列马铃薯品种多为早熟品种,适于华中低山丘陵和平原地区种植.研究对2个系列品种部分晚疫病抗病基因进行了分子标记检测,同时对几个水平抗性相关基因SNP位点进行了检测....     

Identification of QTLs Associated with Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv.Glycinea in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

Soybean bacterial spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.Glycinea which is a bacterial disease seriously affects soybean yield.Ten soybean germplasms and recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population were used to identify the resistant trait after inoculated with P.sg (P.sgneau001) in this study.High-density genetic mapping was obtained by specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) of 149 RILs population which was derived from the crossing between Charleston and Dongnong594.The results indicated that 10 germplasm resources had four resistant germplasms included highly resistant cultivar Charleston,four susceptible varieties included Dongnong594 and two moderately resistant cultivars.Five quantitative trait locus (QTLs) were detected in RILs population by the composite interval mapping (CIM) method,and located on Linkage Group (LG) D1b (chromosome two),LG C2 (chromosome six) and LG H (chromosome 12),respectively.LOD scores ranged from 2.68 to 4.95 and the phenotypic variation percentage was from 6% to 11%.Six candidate genes were detected,according to the result of gene annotation information.Four of them had relationship with protein kinase activity,protein phosphorylation and leucine rich repeat (LRR) transmembrane protein,which had high expression after inoculated with P.sg by qRT-PCR.