具有次二次位势的二阶哈密尔顿系统的周期解的存在性

利用变分法研究二阶哈密尔顿系统的周期解.减弱了以前的次二次条件并得到解的存在性.     

恩拉霉素提取工艺研究

为优化恩拉霉素提取工艺,以70%甲醇溶液为提取剂,提取恩拉霉素,经过浓缩、脱色、结晶、重结晶,制备高含量恩拉霉素产品。得到最佳提取工艺条件是：浸提pH3.5~4.0,浸提温度30 ℃,三次浸提时间1 h,一次浸提料液比1∶7,二次浸提料液比1∶3,三次浸提料液比1∶3,活性炭用量是浓缩液体积的1.0%~1.5%,粗精粉重结晶得到纯品,含量97%。     

NaOH溶液脱绒对白羊草种子活力的影响

[目的] 探究NaOH溶液脱绒处理对白羊草（Bothriochloa ischaemum）种子活力的影响,为机械化播种提供便利条件。[方法] 分别利用浓度为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%（W/V）的NaOH溶液对白羊草种子进行脱绒处理0（CK）、1、5、10、15 min,分析其对发芽率（Gp）、发芽指数（Gi）、平均发芽时间（MGT）、幼苗活力指数（SVI）的影响,筛选白羊草种子NaOH溶液脱绒的最佳条件。[结果] NaOH溶液浓度及处理时间均对白羊草种子活力具有极显著（P<0.01）影响。相同处理时间下,白羊草种子脱绒1~10 min后Gp、Gi随NaOH溶液浓度的增加而增加,脱绒1 min和10 min后SVI随着NaOH溶液浓度的增加而增加,脱绒5 min后SVI随NaOH溶液浓度的增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,脱绒15 min时Gp、Gi和SVI随NaOH溶液浓度的增加呈先升后降的趋势;在20%~50%的NaOH溶液浓度下,脱绒后白羊草种子Gp、Gi和SVI随处理时间的增加呈先升后降的趋势。经NaOH溶液脱绒处理后白羊草种子的MGT均高于CK。[结论] 适宜浓度的NaOH溶液浸种能有效脱去白羊草种子表面的绒毛,提高白羊草种子的活力。浓度为50%的NaOH溶液浸种5 min对白羊草种子活力的促进效果最好。     

Effects of NaCl stress on seed germination, leaf gas exchange and seedling growth of Pteroceltis tatarinowii

Effects of NaCl on seed germination, leaf gas exchange and seedling growth were investigated. The germination of P. tatarinowii seeds was delayed in the presence of NaCl, and was significantly inhibited when NaCl concentration exceeded 17 mM (1.0 g·L⁻¹). NaCl treatments induced reductions of transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate and their reductions were significant with the increasing of NaCl concentration. However, intercellular CO₂ concentration in seedling leaves under salt stress was significantly higher than that of controls. There was a significant reduction in survival, basal diameter increment and height increment with increasing NaCl concentration 50 days after NaCl treatment, and a significant reduction in the dry weight increment of roots, stems, and leaves was also observed in the NaCl treatments. The deleterious effect on the biomass increment was more evident in the case of stems and leaves. Results from this study suggest that P. tatarinowii is sensitive to salinity stress and the salinity threshold for seedling growth might be less 34 mM (2.0 g·L⁻¹). Biography: FANG Sheng-zuo (1963–), male, Professor, College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.     

THE QUICK DETERMINATION METHOD OF RESIN CONTENT IN LARCH WOOD

The resin content in larch wood is usually determined by the traditionalBenzene-Alcohol Extract Method(BAEM).In order to meet the requirement of production prac-tice,the authors present two simple quick determination methods,IR lamp method and hydrogenperoxide solution method.Compared with the results of traditional method,the results of newmethods are nearly the same as former,therefore,both two methods can reflect the change condi-tion of resin content in wood.     

Infrared spectroscopic study of alkaline oxygen treatment of lignin with ATR technique in aqueous state 1: method for determining quantitative spectra of oxygen-degraded lignin

For the fundamental study of oxygen delignification of kraft pulp, structural changes of kraft lignin during alkaline oxygen treatment were investigated with the use of infrared measurement with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) technique. In the neutralized reaction mixture of alkaline oxygen-treated kraft lignin, there is a significant amount of NaCl, so that the spectral changes of water due to the coexistence of NaCl was investigated, and how to remove the huge absorption of NaCl solution is discussed. Sodium vanillate–NaCl solutions were employed as model solutions for the reaction mixture. Partial least square (PLS) regression was applied for the prediction of NaCl concentration, and the spectrum of NaCl solution was subtracted from the spectrum of sodium vanillate–NaCl solution as background measurement. This allowed us to obtain the vanillate spectra free from the absorption of NaCl solution. In addition, the mathematical method for reconstructing the spectrum of NaCl solution is discussed. The spectrum of NaCl solution is reconstructed as the linear combination of basic spectra calculated by singular value decomposition (SVD), and it was subtracted from that of the sodium vanillate–NaCl solution. By this procedure, the vanillate spectra were also obtained quantitatively, as has been demonstrated in PLS regression study. It was also confirmed that the quantitative spectra of high molecular weight fraction of alkaline oxygen-treated kraft lignin were obtained by the use of this reconstruction technique.Parts of this report were presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Gifu, Japan, April 2002 and the 12th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, Madison, USA, June 2003     

醋酸水溶液处理对杉树材影响

为了研究醋酸水溶液处理给杉树材重量带来的变化,使用醋酸水溶液对杉树材进行了处理。结果发现处理后杉树材重量的减小量大约等于抽出物的重量,而且随着醋酸水溶液浓度的增加而增加。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱法对处理后的杉树材及抽出物进行了光谱分析。从处理后杉树材的光谱图可以观察到3400cm-1附近的OH伸缩振动及1510cm-1附近的木质素中苯环C=C伸缩振动的吸收强度有增加倾向。从醋酸水溶液抽出物光谱图可以发现用浓度30%醋酸水溶液处理时木质素被溶出。图2表2参6。     

要统筹解决西北和华北地区干旱缺水问题

针对某些学者“西北不缺水” ,南水北调主要解决华北地区水资源短缺的观点 ,分析了我国水资源与人口、耕地、矿产资源分布的不协调 ,气候变暖将使北方干旱持续到 2 0 15年 ,西北地区比华北地区更干旱缺水 ,西部生态环境建设和开发亟需调水 ,提出南水北调是合理配置水资源、保持社会稳定的需要 ,大西线调水是统筹解决北方干旱缺水的必由之路 ,并提出西南地区水电开发应与大西线调水同步进行     

电场强度对氯化钠溶液在杉木中渗透能力的影响

为了研究采用电场手段改良杉木的可行性,将一定含水率的杉木板材置于不同的电场强度(极板间电势差)中,并在杉木板材上部稳定地保持一定量的氯化钠溶液,5 h后,测试板材不同高度(厚度)部位的含水率和钠离子含量,并与未在电场中渗透的杉木的对应值比较分析,研究电场强度对氯化钠溶液在杉木中渗透能力的影响,结果表明:①定向电场的存在,能促进氯化钠溶液在杉木中的渗透;②在本试验范围内,随着电场强度的增加,氯化钠溶液中水分和钠离子在杉木中、下部渗透量增加,并使各渗透层面的含水率均匀性提高.     

两种卵黄抗体不同提取方法的比较试验

卵黄抗体(Ig Y)具有许多其他类型抗体所没有的优点,其分离纯化的方法有有机物抽提法、盐析法、水稀释法等。试验分别用聚乙二醇(PEG)6000和氯仿来提取卵黄抗体,对其收集的抗体量和抗体效价进行比较分析。结果表明:100 g的卵黄用PEG6000法比氯仿法多收集71 m L卵黄抗体溶液,且PEG6000法的成本远远低于氯仿法,有很好的经济效益,而PEG6000法提取的卵黄抗体效价比氯仿法略低一个滴度。