PEG诱导水分胁迫下喜旱莲子草的生理适应性

采用PEG-6000模拟水分胁迫处理外来入侵种喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera Philoxeroides)(Mart.)Griseb.)无性繁殖体,测定了5 d中叶片Chl、膜透性、可溶性蛋白含量、MDA含量及几种抗氧化酶活性,旨在探讨喜旱莲子草对不同强度胁迫的生理适应性机制.结果表明:-0.15 MPa PEG胁迫下Chl、膜透性、MDA含量变化很小;-0.30 MPa PEG胁迫下膜透性和MDA含量均小幅升高,Chl含量先升后降,-0.50 MPa PEG胁迫下,Chl含量呈下降趋势,膜透性和MDA含量在第5日达到峰值.可溶性蛋白含量在3种处理中均先升后降,但基本都维持在处理前水平之上.SOD、POD、CAT等抗氧化酶活性在-0.15 MPa PEG胁迫下维持不变或略有上升,在-0.30 MPa和-0.50 MPa PEG胁迫下呈先升后降的变化趋势,但活性峰值出现在不同的处理时期,且降低后的各酶活性仍维持在一定水平上.实验表明,在低水分胁迫下,喜旱莲子草通过其体内活性氧清除系统活性的维持或升高来解除活性氧毒害,以保证活性氧的产生和猝灭处于动态平衡.即使是高渗透胁迫,喜旱莲子草通过抗氧化酶之间的相互协调在一定时期仍能维持活性氧代谢平衡,并阻止或减弱膜脂过氧化的伤害.但随着较高强度胁迫处理时间的增加,抗氧化酶活性降低,膜脂过氧化增加.     

PEG模拟干旱胁迫对筇竹种子萌发的影响

采用不同浓度的PEG 6000溶液,模拟干旱条件,对筇竹进行渗透胁迫处理。结果表明：随着水分胁迫增强,筇竹种子的日相对萌发率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数均呈下降趋势;低浓度 （5%、10%） 胁迫可以促进筇竹种子胚根生长,而高浓度 （≥ 15%） 则具有抑制作用;与对照相比,随着PEG浓度的增加,筇竹种子初始萌发时间延迟明显,而在PEG浓度达30%时筇竹种子未见萌发;将在PEG浓度为30%条件下未萌发的种子用蒸馏水冲洗干净后,在通常发芽条件下进行发芽试验可以实现复萌。     

PEG 6000胁迫对花生幼苗渗透调节物质的影响

采用聚乙二醇( PEG)渗透胁迫的方法,研究了不同浓度PEG胁迫对花生幼苗渗透调节物质的影响。实 验结果表明,随着PEG浓度的升高花生幼苗渗透调节物质,如可溶性糖( SS) 、游离氨基酸( TFA) 、脯氨酸( Pro)和 可溶性蛋白含量都有显著增加,并随胁迫时间的延长继续积累。丙二醛(MDA)的含量也随PEG处理浓度的升高 和胁迫时间的延长而显著增加。     

两种基因型小麦对PEG胁迫的生理响应

采用不同渗透势的PEG-6000溶液胁迫处理2种基因型不同的小麦,分别测其幼苗期叶片相对含水量、游离脯氨酸含量、MDA含量、SOD活性和CAT活性等的变化。结果表明,胁迫处理下,陕合叶片相对含水量较郑引高;随着胁迫强度增加,陕合小麦脯氨酸含量,除24 h外,随PEG胁迫不断加强表现为逐渐增加;郑引小麦脯氨酸含量,除12 h外,均随PEG胁迫不断加强表现为先上升后下降的趋势;在同等胁迫程度下,陕合比郑引丙二醛积累量要少,膜损伤程度低;2个品种的SOD活性和CAT活性均随胁迫增加表现为先上升后下降趋势。     

PEG模拟干旱胁迫下29份偃麦草种质种子萌发期抗旱性评价

以20%聚乙二醇溶液(PEG-6000)为渗透介质模拟干旱胁迫条件,对29份偃麦草种质资源进行了种子萌发期抗旱性评价。结果表明:PEG胁迫降低了偃麦草种质资源的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数,抑制了胚芽和胚根的生长发育。以相对发芽率、相对胚根长、相对胚芽长、萌发抗旱指数、胁迫指数、相对发芽势及相对活力指数为依据,通过隶属函数法综合评价认为,29份偃麦草种质资源的抗旱性顺序依次为:E39E14E11E13E16E03E07E25E34E42E09E29E17E31E21E26E06E10E12E27E38E08E01E04E41E19E37E02E24。     

不同类型稻抗旱性鉴定指标研究

以具有代表性的粳稻，旱稻，陆稻，籼稻及其杂交种共18个品种（组合）为试材，采用淹水栽培与旱作对比的方法。分析了不同类型稻的抗旱性及其鉴定方法。探讨了这些方法及指标与水分胁迫条件下水稻产量的关系。选出两个与水分胁迫条件下产量关系最为密切的水稻生理指标。确定了水稻旱作时结实率为最直观的抗旱性鉴定指标。     

Seed germination ofThuja orientalis under PEG osmose treatment

Abstrct Thuja orientalis seeds was treated by different molecular weight, different concentration and different lasting time in the Seedling Laboratory of Northeast Forestry University. The results are as follows:(1) it shows significant promoting effects on the germination viability of seeds by different molecular weight of PEG(-6000, -10000 and -20000), and PEG-10000 is the best. (2)Different effects on germination viability, germination rate and simple vigor index are made by different concentration of the same weight molecular(PEG-10000), the promoting effects are shown when the concentration is below 30%, and from 20% to 30% is the best range, but inhibitions will be shown if the concentration is more than 35%. (3)The most suitable lasting time of osmose treatment of PEG-10000 with 20% concentration is from 2 to 4 days, not more than 6 days, but it will show significant inhibition if the treated time is more than 8 days. (4)The treatments of PEG-10000 and PEG-20000 with higher molecular weight can increase the germination rate and seed vigor, and decrease the electric conductivity of the seed soaking liquid after the natural air-dry treatment. The suitable time of natural air-dry is about 6 to 8 hours. It is also concluded that the PEG osmose treatment is an effective method to increase the germination rate by the field simulation in the laboratroy.     

Properties of PEG/thermally modified wood flour/polypropylene (PP) composites

In order to improve the dimensional stability of wood-polymer composites, wood flour pre-treated by polyethylene glyco1 (PEG) at two different concentrations and then thermally treated at 140°C, was used as raw material to produce wood flour/polypropylene (PP) composites at a wood content of 40%. The structure of modified wood flour was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its effect on the physical and mechanical properties of wood flour/PP composites was evaluated. The SEM results indicated the "bulking" effect of PEG on wood flour, which resulted in reduced water uptake. The combination of PEG and heat treatment further improved the moisture resistance of the composites. However, PEG modification had a negative effect on the flexural modulus of rupture (MOR) and the modulus of elasticity (MOE); whereas heat treatment partly compensated for this reduction. For dynamic mechanical properties, PEG treatment decreased the storage modulus (E′). However, the heat treatment resulted in an increase of E′ of the wood flour/PP composites, with the temperature of loss factor peaks shifting to a higher temperature.     

聚乙二醇对五硼酸铵改性结构刨花板吸水性能的影响

试验引入聚乙二醇改性体系以补偿五硼酸铵处理结构刨花板时造成物理力学性能的降低,并研究了处理后结构刨花板的吸水性能。结果表明：24h吸水厚度膨胀率和24h吸水率这两项指标与五硼酸铵添加量的相关性最大,该两项结果均随五硼酸铵添加量的增加而增大。聚乙二醇种类对结构刨花板吸水性的影响大于添加量的作用。尤其是24h吸水率,4个添加量水平下的结果均无显著性差异。