水体表面浮植水蕹菜养鱼

随着草食性鱼类养殖的迅速发展,青饲料供不应求和青饲料地十分紧缺等问题日益突出。为寻求解决这些问题,作者于1985—1988年进行了水体表面浮植水蕹菜养鱼的研究工作。现将主要研究结果报道如下。     

江河船体式网箱养鱼的评述

作者认为，江河船体式网箱养鱼作为一种新型的养殖方式，应对饲养对象的选择，流量控制，汛期的环境变化（水位，泥沙含量，固体污染物侵袭），以及船体的材料结构等进行深入研究，取得必要的基础资料，以促进江河船体式网箱养鱼稳步健康地发展。     

大鹏澳网箱养殖海域磷酸盐在沉积物-海水界面交换速率的研究

应用实验室培养法研究了大亚湾大鹏澳网箱养殖海域磷酸盐(PO_4-P)在沉积物-海水界面上的交换通量；并根据改进的连续函数法计算了PO_4-P在沉积物-海水界面上交换速率。结果表明：(1)PO_4-P在沉积物-海水界面上的交换通量随时间的变化关系满足以e为底的指数衰减函数；(2)整个调查海域PO_4-P在沉积物-海水界面上的交换速率为0．27～2．47 mmol·m~(-2)·d~(-1)。其中,网箱养殖区PO_4-P的交换速率(0．82～2．47 mmol·m~(-2)·d~(-1))明显高于对照区PO_4-P的交换速率(0．27～0．62 mmol·m~(-2)·d~(-1)),长时期的养殖活动使养殖区沉积环境中的磷得以积累,PO_4-P在沉积物-水界面上的交换速率升高。     

高寒地区蓝鳃太阳鱼养殖技术研究

本探讨了蓝鳃太阳鱼（Lepomis macrochirus)在高寒地区的生长成活状况。实验结果表明，在东北地区蓝鳃太阳鱼夏季养殖成活率可以达到85%（单养）和65%（混养），6-8月生长速度较好，混养比单养生长速度快，冰下可以安全越冬。     

哈维氏弧菌Y91301菌株培养工艺的研究

用大黄鱼分离的哈维氏弧菌Y91301进行试验,研究接种浓度、培养瓶装液量、起始pH值、培养时间、培养温度和培养液配方等因素对菌株生长的影响,确定静置培养时最适条件为:接种母液浓度1×108～1×109cfu ml,接种量6%～8%(相对培养瓶装液量),装液量40～50ml 250ml,培养液初始pH值为6 0～6 5,培养温度28℃;使用Zobell2216E培养配方更适合大量培养和生产的需要;旋转培养能够获得更高的生物量。     

我国对虾养殖生产现状及展望

本文阐述了我国对虾养殖生产的基本情况及对虾养殖生产面临的潜在威胁。从科研,生产和销售三个方面提出了一些急待解决的问题和对策,并对我国养虾业发展的前途做了展望。     

Murine xenograft model demonstrates significant radio-sensitising effect of liposomal doxorubicin in a combination therapy for Feline Injection Site Sarcoma

Therapy of cats suffering from feline injection site sarcomas (FISS) is still a challenging problem, as the recurrence rate after surgery is up to 70%. Four FISS-derived primary tumour cell lines and corresponding xenograft tumour mouse models were established to evaluate the efficacy of a concomitant chemo-/radiation therapy with doxorubicin. In vitro, strongly depending upon the timing of administration, pre-treatment with 0.25 µmol doxorubicin resulted in a significant enhancement of radiation-induced (3.5 Gy) tumour cell death. This result was confirmed in vivo, where only the combined chemo-/radiation therapy resulted in a significant reduction in tumour growth compared to the respective mono-therapies with either doxorubicin or radiation. These results support the use of the concomitant chemo-/radiation therapy for adjuvant treatment of FISS, particularly in advanced or recurrent disease where surgery alone is no longer feasible.     

Prematurational Culture with 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine Synchronizes Meiotic Progression of the Germinal Vesicle Stage and Improves Nuclear Maturation and Embryonic Development in In Vitro-grown Bovine Oocytes

The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of prematurational culture (pre-IVM) supplemented with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of in vitro-grown bovine oocytes. In experiment 1, oocytes (95 μm in diameter) derived from early antral follicles (0.5–1 mm in diameter) were cultured for 12 days for in vitro growth (IVG). IVG oocytes with a normal appearance were subjected to examinations of diameter and chromatin structure in the germinal vesicle (GV) before IVM. In addition, percentages of metaphase II (M II) were examined after IVM. Regardless of pre-IVM, the mean diameters of IVG oocytes were about 115 μm. The proportions of GV3 (50.0%) and M II stages (80.1%) of IVG oocytes with pre-IVM were higher than those without pre-IVM (28.0 and 49.4%, respectively). In experiment 2, the fertilizability and developmental competence of IVG oocytes were examined. Regardless of pre-IVM, the normal fertilization rates of IVG oocytes were similar (around 70%) but were lower than that of in vivo-grown oocytes (88.0%). Cleavage and blastocyst rates of IVG oocytes with pre-IVM (63.0 and 26.1%, respectively) were higher than those without pre-IVM (45.8 and 12.7%, respectively). The blastocyst rate based on cleaved IVG oocytes with pre-IVM (41.7%) was similar to that of in vivo-grown oocytes (48.7%), although the cleavage rate of IVG oocytes with pre-IVM was lower than that of in vivo-grown oocytes. In conclusion, pre-IVM with IBMX improved the maturational and developmental competences of IVG oocytes, probably due to promotion of their chromatin transition and synchronization of meiotic progression.     

Purified Culture Systems for Bovine Oviductal Stromal Cells

Isolated stromal cells from the ampullary and isthmic parts of bovine oviductal tissues were cultured in monolayer and spheroid (cell aggregate) systems. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF) plays a crucial role in oviductal contraction and is produced by oviductal epithelial cells in cattle. Since stromal cells of many organs produce PGF, PGF production by bovine oviductal stromal cells was investigated. After PGF synthesis was confirmed, the utility of isolation and culture methods for oviductal stromal cells was evaluated by PGF production in the present study. The homogeneity of the cells was > 99%. PGF production of the cells was increased by tumor necrosis factor-α. The stromal cells aggregated and formed a spheroid by the treatments with several reagents. PGF production was higher in the spheroid culture than in the monolayer culture. The isolation and culture methods described here will facilitate studies of the physiological function of bovine oviductal stromal cells.