Polyphenol oxidase activity and ortho‐diphenolic content in sunflower leaves in relation to boron nutrition.

Homogenates were prepared from the leaves of hydroponically cultivated sunflowers (Helianthus annuus, L.) under deficient, normal and toxic B conditions and the polyphenol oxidase activity together with the ortho‐diphenolic and micronutrient content was measured every week from one month to flowering.

B deficiency slightly depressed polyphenol oxidase activity and B toxicity decreased it significantly at all times, the response fitting a line versus the logarithm of the B concentration in solution. We found a positive correlation between polyphenol oxidase activity and the B content in leaves.

B action on enzymatic activity seemed not to be caused by direct interaction with substrates as the infiltration of B into deficient leaves did not restore the normal activity

According to our results we suggest that polyphenol oxidase activity may be a valid functional parameter to indicate the nutritional status of B in sunflower plants, if its specificity for B can be demonstrated.

The ortho‐diphenolic content did not change with the B levels used in our experiments. Neither did we find any correlation between enzymatic activity and the o‐diphenolic content of the leaves.     

福州三坊七巷历史街区植物的保护与延续

历史街区植物的文化内涵与保护意义包括植物的文化寓意、植物的历史见证价值等.福州三坊七巷历史街区是福建保存面积最大最完整的古街区,研究其植物,对传统植物的保护与延续具有重要意义.通过对三坊七巷现有植物的调查,分析其地缘类型和历史文化价值,提出历史街区植物景观保护与延续的建议.     

热带地区盆栽观赏向日葵栽培技术

利用三亚热带气候条件优势冬季栽培盆栽观赏向日葵,经济效益好,具有很好的发展前景。从观赏向日葵的品种选择、选地及盆栽基质、播种、移栽、水肥管理、温度与光照、病虫害等方面介绍观赏向日葵品种在热带地区的栽培技术,为热带地区推广反季节盆栽观赏向日葵提供参考。     

Olive processing wastes for weed control

The herbicidal effect of olive processing wastes (OPW) on some weed species in wheat, maize and sunflower was investigated in the Aegean region of Turkey. In trials with maize and sunflower, OPW was applied as an air‐dried solid form at 3 and 4.5 kg m^?2. It provided an effectiveness level on Portulaca oleracea of 63–98%. In trials with wheat, OPW was applied as solid and liquid forms, each at two different doses, namely 4.5 and 6 kg m^?2 (solid), and 5 and 10 L m^?2 (liquid). Solid OPW provided a reduction in total weed coverage of 75% and 81% at doses of 4.5 and 6 kg m^?2, respectively. The weed coverage reduction by liquid OPW was 39% and 62% with 5 and 10 L m^?2, respectively. Apart from 12–26% reduction of the number of germinating seeds, OPW showed no toxic effects on maize and sunflower. Wheat was affected in the initial stages but no adverse effect was detected at harvest. It can be concluded that the herbicidal effect of OPW may be considered as an alternative to chemical weed control in some important summer crops (maize and sunflower) and for most of the weeds in winter wheat.     

四川桂花种质资源研究

对四川地区桂花种质资源进行了系统调查,共记录该地区桂花种质151份,对其现状和分布特征进行了分析,并对其相关观赏性状进行了评价。从而为四川桂花种质资源的保护和合理开发提供依据。     

南疆油葵栽培的氮肥、密度效应及其最佳组合配方的研究

通过试验,建立了产量目标函数的肥密数学模型,模拟得出南疆油葵最佳施氮量为216.81 kg/hm2,最佳密度为80 654.94株/hm2;肥密单因素效应均有极值,生产应用时应综合考虑二因素的协同效应.还对肥密二元模型进行了单元化,以便于不同产量水平下的计算机优化配方措施的指导服务.     

油用向日葵新葵19号恢复系654R的选育及利用

[目的]研究油用向日葵恢复系的选育方法。[方法]在现有技术中向日葵恢复系的选择过程比较漫长且结果不明确的情况下,为了改变从杂种一代F1以后连续自交的作法,在早代就开始进行测定其配合力,有目的的选择,方向比较明确,提高选择效率,创造新的优异资源。[结果]选育出油用向日葵新葵19号恢复系654R,该恢复系植株性状好、抗病性好、抗逆性强、配合力高、杂种优势强。[结论]该研究提供了一种油用向日葵恢复系新的选育方法,并对654R进行利用。     

油用向日葵品质形成规律研究

为了明确油用向日葵品质形成的规律,设品种、播种期、密度试验,研究了播种期、密度因素对油用向日葵籽粒品质形成的影响。结果表明:油用向日葵籽粒粗脂肪最大积累速率出现在开花后10～22 d;籽粒中亚油酸含量从开花～花后10 d缓慢增长,10～20 d有所下降,以后缓慢上升,随着播种期的推迟,亚油酸含量占粗脂肪的比例不断增加,而油酸含量变化与亚油酸含量正好相反;亚麻酸含量呈递减趋势,花后20 d左右下降至0.5%,花后25 d左右下降为0。棕榈酸含量也呈递减趋势,硬脂酸含量从开花至花后15 d左右,呈上升趋势,花后15～35 d,缓慢下降。高油品种(P45)棕榈酸含量高于其它品种,而亚麻酸和硬脂酸含量在品种间差异不大。     

不同施肥配比对宁夏盐碱土壤油用向日葵产量的影响

研究了不同施肥配比对宁夏盐碱土壤向日葵产量的影响,建立了一元二次肥料效应函数方程.结果表明:对碱化土壤施氮量达到10.56 kg/667m2时,产量达到最大值183.2 kg/667m2;当施磷量达到5.71 kg/667m2时,产量达到最大值156.9 kg/667m2;最高产量施肥配方氮磷钾配比为10.56∶5.7...     

DON毒素在小麦赤霉病抗感品种麦穗组织中的积累分析

本研究采用单小花滴注和喷雾接种方法对3个抗病品种(‘望水白’、‘苏麦3号’、‘扬麦16’)和3个感病品种(‘周麦18’、‘矮抗58’、‘豫保1号’)的赤霉病抗性进行分析,并用ELISA测定了籽粒、颖壳和穗轴中的DON毒素水平。结果表明:两种方法接种后第20天,除‘望水白’外,抗病品种的病级日扩展速率和病小穗率都显著低于感病品种(P0.05);单小花滴注接种条件下,除‘周麦18’的籽粒和‘矮抗58’的穗轴外,抗病品种的籽粒、颖壳、穗轴中的DON毒素含量显著低于感病品种的籽粒、颖壳、穗轴中的DON毒素含量(P0.05);而喷雾接种条件下,抗病品种与感病品种的籽粒、颖壳中的DON毒素含量差异不显著,而穗轴中的DON毒素含量差异显著(P0.05)。除个别情况外,6个品种中,籽粒中DON毒素水平颖壳中DON毒素水平穗轴中DON毒素水平(P0.05)。