CCROP—Simulation model for container-grown nursery plant production

Container Crop Resource Optimization Program (CCROP) is an integrative model which simulates the growth and water and nutrient requirements of a woody ornamental shrub grown in small (2.8–11.4 L) containers in a field environment with overhead sprinkler irrigation. The model was developed for producers, producer advisers and researchers to support best management practice decision-making in container nursery production. We describe the primary processes simulated by CCROP particularly how they differ from traditional crops grown in-ground and assess the ability of CCROP to simulate measured values for a range of irrigation and fertilizer trials and transplanting dates. Results of model testing with 11 trials indicate that CCROP provided reasonable outcomes for biomass and leaf area growth as well as evapotranspiration, runoff (container drainage plus un-intercepted irrigation and rainfall) and nitrogen loss.     

内蒙古河套灌区主要粮油作物系数的确定

根据FAO-56作物需水量指南推荐的作物系数计算方法,分别计算内蒙古河套灌区磴口试验站小麦、玉米(覆膜与未覆膜)、油料向日葵3种作物的单、双值作物系数。结果表明,磴口试验站单值作物系数较双值作物系数值计算的ET值偏低,双值作物系数计算的ET值与实测结果更为接近,验证了双值作物系数在河套灌区的适用性。     

The influence of water stress and air velocity on growth of Impatiens walleriana and Petunia × hybrid

Impatiens walleriana ‘DeZire’ and Petunia × hybrid ‘Tidal Wave’ were subjected to a combination of water stress and exposure to wind to evaluate the potential application of these treatments as an alternative to chemical growth retardation. Air velocities evaluated were 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.5, and 4.5 m s⁻¹ and irrigation treatments were either control or 45% water stress based on irrigation occurring when the weight of the plant (plant, pot and peat) was reduced by 25% (control) or 45% (water stress) of the initial weight. The experiment was repeated twice; once in spring and once in summer.     

不同施肥配比对宁夏盐碱土壤油用向日葵产量的影响

研究了不同施肥配比对宁夏盐碱土壤向日葵产量的影响,建立了一元二次肥料效应函数方程.结果表明:对碱化土壤施氮量达到10.56 kg/667m2时,产量达到最大值183.2 kg/667m2;当施磷量达到5.71 kg/667m2时,产量达到最大值156.9 kg/667m2;最高产量施肥配方氮磷钾配比为10.56∶5.7...     

向日葵菌核病菌的生长发育和侵染循环

向日葵菌核病菌的萌发和子囊盘形成的最适温度是10~25℃,最适土壤相对湿度80%~90%,良好的通气条件。菌核的萌发不需要光,但子囊盘的形成需要一定的散射光。菌核在最适宜的条件下的萌发,子囊盘柄的长度最长不超过8 cm。因此,秋季深翻灭茬,可有效防止第二年菌核病的发生。     

黄土高原沟壑区水平沟覆膜玉米种植试验及效益分析

黄土高原沟壑区水平沟覆膜玉米种植试验及效益分析党发宁（甘肃省正宁县水土保持工作站，７４５３００）黄土高原沟壑区是黄土高原地区的重要地貌类型之一，源、坡、沟、川台、梁峁为其基本地貌单元。区内气候温和，年降水量５５０～６５０ｍｍ，源西土壤侵蚀较轻，沟蚀严...     

油用向日葵新葵19号恢复系654R的选育及利用

[目的]研究油用向日葵恢复系的选育方法。[方法]在现有技术中向日葵恢复系的选择过程比较漫长且结果不明确的情况下,为了改变从杂种一代F1以后连续自交的作法,在早代就开始进行测定其配合力,有目的的选择,方向比较明确,提高选择效率,创造新的优异资源。[结果]选育出油用向日葵新葵19号恢复系654R,该恢复系植株性状好、抗病性好、抗逆性强、配合力高、杂种优势强。[结论]该研究提供了一种油用向日葵恢复系新的选育方法,并对654R进行利用。     

室内观赏鱼池自净化生态系统的构建

[目的]构建室内观赏鱼池生态自净化系统.[方法]设计了水泵过滤池、入水池、生态净化池和观赏鱼池.结合使用常规水族生物材料,首次在生态净化池投放了单肠目、大口虫目、三肠目涡虫、水螅和浮游动物等.对常见5种水生观赏植物以及硝化细菌的水净化功能进行检测.[结果]实现了鱼池环境物种的多样性,形成了完整的食物链体系,使观赏鱼池获得稳定的水生态平衡环境,构建了具有自净化功能的水生态调控系统.不同的水生观赏植物对水体的净化功能有显著差异.[结论]构建的室内观赏鱼池自净化生态系统方法简便、效果极为显著,可节约人工及水资源均达90％以上,具有应用与推广价值.     

独本菊栽培技术

独本菊栽培技术要点：选择大花品种，7—8月扦插育苗，掌握肥水控制和矮化处理技术，做好病虫害防治工作。     

An Improved Non-destructive Method for Rapid Estimation of Leaf Area in Sunflower Genotypes

Measurement of total leaf area per plant in crop improvement programmes for a variety of purposes is often very tedious and time consuming. In this paper, we offer a rapid and non-destructive method of estimating the total leaf area in sunflower at the time of anthesis. We show that multiplying the leaf area of a specific leaf position from the apex by the total number of leaves per plant yields total leaf area with more than 95 % accuracy. The specific leaf position for any given genotype in sunflower can be arrived at by multiplying the total number of leaves per plant by the factor 0.355 and rounding off to the nearest highest integer. This technique can be used for the rapid estimation of leaf area per plant at anthesis for any given genotype of sunflower.