响应面法优化污泥生物干燥工艺条件的研究

运用响应面法对木薯酒糟沼气发酵后污泥的生物干燥工艺条件进行优化。首先,用Plackett-Burman方法对8个相关影响因素的效应进行评价,并筛选出对污泥含水率降低有显著影响的通风量、温度、接种量3个因素;然后,用最陡爬坡试验逼近污泥含水率最低区域;最后,由中心组合试验及响应面分析确定了影响污泥含水率的最佳干燥条件,即通风量6.5 L/h、温度36℃、接种量1.5%,干燥96 h后污泥含水率降低到24.53%。     

黄瓜AFLP反应体系的优化

对影响AFLP(Amplified fragment length polymorphism)扩增的关键因素进行了摸索,以期获得清晰稳定的黄瓜AFLP反应体系。结果发现,最佳的预扩增体系为:20反应体系中包含0.5 UTaqDNA poly-merase、2.0μL dNTP(2 mmol/L)、1.2μL 25 mmol/L Mg2 、0.6μL 50 ng/μL每种引物、1×PCR Buffer和4μL模板DNA;最优的选择性扩增体系为20μL反应体系中含有1.0 UTaqDNA polymerase、2.0μL dNTP(2 mmol/L)、1.0μL 25 mmol/L Mg2 、1.0μL 50 ng/μL每种引物、3.0μL稀释40倍的预扩增产物和1×PCR Buffer。体系优化后,扩增产物稳定,条带十分清晰,无背景干扰。     

超声波提取红景天鞣质工艺的优化

[目的]对红景天[Rhodiola crenulata（Hook.f.etThoms.）H.Ohba]鞣质超声波提取工艺进行优化。[方法]在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验优化红景天鞣质提取的工艺;采用干酪素法测定鞣质含量。[结果]红景天鞣质的提取最佳工艺条件为：70%丙酮溶剂,料液比为1∶10,超声功率为450 W,提取时间15 min。在最佳工艺条件下,红景天鞣质提取率为5.17 mg/m。l[结论]该研究为红景天鞣质的进一步开发利用提供了理论依据。     

多功能水处理菌PseudomonasstutzeriCDNl的絮凝特性研究

[目的]研究多功能水处理菌PseudomonasstutzeriCDNI的絮凝特性。[方法]对实验室分离获得的一株具有好氧反硝化特性的菌株P．stutzeriCDNl进行了絮凝特性研究,从碳源、氮源、培养温度、通气量等方面进行了该菌最适产絮凝剂的培养条件优化,并分析其所产絮凝剂的成分。[结果]菌株PstutzeriCDNl的最佳产絮凝剂的培养条件：培养温度为37℃,转速为150r／min,初始pH为7．0,碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为酵母粉。通过冷冻干燥得到的絮凝剂粗产物的产率是6．05g/L,主要成分为多糖和核酸,其中多糖占55％。[结论]该菌株对研究废水生物处理具有很大意义。     

网络农业信息分类和编码的研究

信息分类的标识是信息管理的重要手段。作者采用行业与信息属性结合的方法，提出了一种农业信息分类的方案，并进行了信息编码的设计。     

“粮食储藏”课程虚拟仿真实验教学模式初探

随着互联网信息技术的高速发展,虚拟仿真实验教学技术的出现积极推动着实验教学的改革与发展。通过对传统"粮食储藏"课程实验教学现状分析,重点阐述了"粮食储藏"课程实验过程中存在的问题、"粮食储藏"课程虚拟仿真实验教学模式的构建理念、拟构建3模块11单元的实验教学内容。通过构建"粮食储藏"课程虚拟仿真实验室,加深了学生对理论知识的理解,提高了教学质量。     

The relationship between water intake rates,paddy ponding depth,and farmers’ water management techniques

Japanese farmers manage their irrigation water based on their past experiences and preferences, considering such factors as weather and available water (hereafter defined as empirical water management). They elaborately control the intake and drainage rates of their own paddy fields to maintain optimal ponding depths. But these well-managed systems will drastically change because of the decreasing number of farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify if the optimal ponding depth will be maintained within the limits of traditionally-allowed water intake rate from the main river. The first objective of this study was the quantification of actual water use in the paddy fields, resulting from the farmers water management on the basis of their experience. The significance of the present water intake rate under empirical water management was studied for a paddy field command area of about 230 ha. Water intake rates and the water requirements of the whole area were investigated by measuring the flow rate at 17 points of irrigation and drainage canals. Characteristics of the farmers empirical water management were investigated by measuring the hourly changes in inflow and outflow rates for a sub-area using an automatic measurement system, and an inferential method of determining water management patterns for the paddy fields was proposed. The newly-proposed inferential method was introduced in the tank model, which expresses the characteristics of water management in the command area. The Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm (SCE-UA) method was used for optimizing the model parameters. It was proven that the model accuracy improved when the farmers empirical water management was taken into account. The optimal amount of water to be applied to the command area was quantified by the simulation. The second objective was to predict the effect of the decreasing number of farmers on future water use conditions. The simulated result indicates the difficulty of maintaining optimal ponding depth for the whole command area when the farmers empirical water management is not maintained. In other words, results indicated that efficient water use requires an automatic water management system or a new pipeline system to replace the farmers present empirical water management.     

玉米“3414”不完全施肥研究

采用"3414"不完全施肥试验方案设计,研究单种玉米在淡灰钙土条件下的土壤供肥量、作物吸收养分量、土壤养分丰缺指标等参数,提出相应的推荐施肥量。结果表明:在该土壤类型条件下单种玉米施纯N 330 kg/hm2、P2O590 kg/hm2、K2O 90 kg/hm2,玉米可获得较好的经济产量。     

水稻粳粳交花药培养继代愈伤组织分化培养基的优化

以继代的粳粳交（空育131／稻花香2号）F。花药培养的愈伤组织为试验材料,研究培养基中的影响因素,对已有的培养基进行优化。共用20种培养基进行分化,涉及7种影响因素：谷氨酰胺,糖类,激素,山梨醇,铜、银离子组合,硅素和活性炭。结果表明：（1）长时间继代的愈伤组织仍具有分化能力。（2）可以显著提高绿苗分化率的因素为60mg／L硅素,0.25mg／LAgNOs和0.75mg／L CuSO4·5H2O。（3）加160目活性炭的培养基中愈伤生长状况得到很大改善。（4）最佳分化培养基为G1W3。     

供应链金融视角下木材加工产业的发展路径优化策略

木材加工企业的发展离不开金融机构的有效支持,当这种支持上升到一定高度时,整个木材加工产业也会处于金融服务机构的供应链管理范畴。供应链金融管理能力的强弱,将直接影响到木材加工企业的生产经营。介绍了供应链金融内容与特征,探讨了供应链金融视角下木材加工产业应规避的问题,在此基础上,提出了供应链金融视角下木材加工产业发展路径优化策略。