Comparative molybdenum concentrations in some tropical pasture legumes

Abstract

The relation between Mo concentration of several tropical pasture legumes and their growth response to Mo application has been compared. Lotononis had the greatest ability to take up Mo and its growth was least responsive to Mo application. There were no consistent differences between Mo concentrations in Siratro, desmodium and glycine, even though their growth responses differed.

The concentrations of Mo in plant shoots required for maximum growth were about 0.02 ppm or less for all species. By contrast, critical Mo concentrations in shoots of temperate pasture legumes usually exceed 0.1 ppm.

When Mo was annually applied to soil on which no growth response to Mo occured, Mo concentrations in the shoots of plants reached levels that could be toxic to cattle.     

新疆不同动物源大肠埃希菌耐药性比较

为了比较新疆不同动物源大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,从猪场、羊场和牛场分别分离猪源大肠埃希菌454株、羊源大肠埃希菌638株和牛源大肠埃希菌89株,用微量肉汤法对上述细菌进行临床常用β-内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类和酰胺醇类抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度测定。结果表面,猪源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(67.0%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(63.7%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在10.4%~41.2%之间;羊源大肠埃希菌对安普霉素(33.9%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(21.2%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在3.1%~15.6%之间;牛源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(24.4%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(8.9%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在1.1%~6.7%之间。多药耐药结果,猪源大肠埃希菌以2耐~5耐为主,羊源大肠埃希菌以0耐~2耐为主,牛源大肠埃希菌以0耐~1耐为主。新疆猪源大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物耐药情况最严重,羊源菌次之,牛源菌最轻;猪源大肠埃希菌多药耐药现象严重。     

Zinc accumulation characteristics of some leafy vegetables

Abstract

Twelve leafy vegetables were grown on field plots treated with 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 pounds Zn per acre incorporated into the 0‐ to 10‐inch soil depth. At harvest maturity the edible parts of the plants were sampled and analyzed for Zn.

Of the 12 crops grown, only Swiss chard and spinach showed any tendency to be Zn accumulators. Even these crops would tolerate extremely high levels of available soil Zn before accumulating what might be considered hazardous Zn concentrations. Swiss chard and spinach were the only crops which showed visible growth depression when grown on plots treated with 800 lbs. Zn per acre.     

基于APSIM模型光照与CO_2对小麦的影响机制

为了探索光照强度与CO2浓度对小麦(Triticum aestivum)产量形成的影响,运用验证后的APSIM模型模拟不同光照强度与CO2浓度下的小麦产量,并采用多元回归分析法分析其对小麦产量的影响机制。结果表明,在相同的CO2浓度条件下,小麦产量随光照强度的增加而明显下降,日光照强度每升高0.5 MJ·m-2,最大减产幅度高达17.16%,平均减产9.40%。相同光照条件下,CO2浓度每升高100μmol·mol-1,平均增产11.27%,最大增产可达到22.08%。CO2浓度与光照强度之间存在负交互效应。表明在研究区光照已完全满足旱地春小麦产量的需求。     

Study on the Effect of the Rosemarinic Acid Combined with Antibacterial Agents on the Bacterial with Gene fosA3

This research was aimed to investigate the effect of rosemarinic acid combined with antibacterial agents against bacterial carrying gene fosA3 in vitro.Resistance gene types were determined by identification of bacteria isolated in clinics.Antibacterial activity and fungicidal activity of rosemarinic acid were tested by oxford cup method and spread-plate method.The minimal inhibiton concertration (MIC) of rosemarinic acid and antibacterial agents were tested through twice micro-dilution method,fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of rosemarinic acid combined with antibacterial agents were determined by microdilution checkerboard techniques.Escheriohia coli carrying multidrug resistance gene fosA3 was isolated.The MIC of rosemarinic acid was 640 μg/mL,when application of rosemarinic acid combined with ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,coly-mycin,gatifloxacin,amikacin,ceftazidime,ceftiofur sodium,FICI≤0.5,showed an additive effect;With ceftriaxone sodium,norfloxacin,mequindox,0.5fosA3 Escheriohia coli.Antibacterial activities of antibacterial agents against the fosfomycin resistance gene fosA3 Escherichia coli were enhanced significantly by rosemarinic acid.     

番茄长季节栽培日光温室内CO_2浓度变化的分析

本文分析了番茄长季节栽培日光温室内ＣＯ_２浓度的变化，结果表明：在不放风的条件下，日光温室内的ＣＯ_２浓度存在着垂直差异和水平差异；室内ＣＯ_２浓度的变化与番茄植株生育状态，特别是与番茄株高和叶面积关系密切，也与室内温度、光照度和土壤呼吸有关。因此番茄越冬生产时，如果土壤施入充足的有机质，在植株高度小于５０ｃｍ（或叶面积小于０．２２ｍ~２／株）时，土壤有机质分解释放的ＣＯ_２能够满足番茄光合的需要，不需增施ＣＯ_２，而应改善温度光照条件；只有植株较大、温度和光照条件好、见光到放风时间长时才需要增施ＣＯ_２ 。     

Fe2+的测定及其在CO2腐蚀研究中的局限性

介绍了Ｆｅ＾２＋的分光光度测定法及其在高温高压ＣＯ２腐蚀试验中的应用。该方法与传统的失重腐蚀速率测定法进行了对比，结果表明，分光光度测定法所得到的腐蚀速率明显偏低，并且随着平均腐蚀速率的增大，这种趋势更加明显。分析认为，Ｆｅ＾２＋分光光度法在研究ＣＯ２的腐蚀时产生的这种偏差，主要来源于ＣＯ２腐蚀本身的特殊性。     

浅议种子企业服务传递系统的变革

介绍了传统服务传递网络的优缺点,在此基础上提出了新的虚拟集中式服务传递网络,并给出新模式下服务网络的基础架构和实施方案,对当代种子企业改善服务质量具有一定的创新和引导意义。     

Rainfall concentration for increasing corn production under semiarid climate

The ridge and furrow farming of rainfall concentration (RC) system is being promoted to increase water availability to crops for improving and stabilizing agricultural production in the semiarid Loess region of northwest China. In the system, plastic-covered ridges serve as rainfall harvesting zones and furrows serve as planting zones. In recent years, however, the current RC practices are still confined to rural family units for very limited supplemental irrigation purposes. To adopt this system for large-scale use in the semiarid region and bring it into full play, it is necessary to test the befitting rainfall range for RC farming. A field study (using corn as an indicator crop) combined with rainfall simulation was designed to determine the effects of RC practices on soil water content, crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under three rainfall levels (230 mm, 340 mm and 440 mm) during the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007. The results indicated that with the rainfalls ranging within 230-440 mm, RC system can increase soil water content in 0-100 cm and temperature conditions in the topsoil (0-10 cm) in furrows by 5-12% and 0.7-1 °C, respectively. The corn seedlings emerged 1-2 days earlier, the developmental stages generally occurred earlier, and the plant height and total dry matter all significantly increased (P < 0.05). In 2006, compared to conventional flat (CF) practice, the grain yield and WUE in the RC system increased by 75.4% and 73.3%, respectively at 230 mm rainfall, and by 36.7% and 40.2%, respectively at 340 mm rainfall, but there was no significant difference between the RC₄₄₀ and CF₄₄₀ patterns. In 2007, the grain yield and WUE were 82.8% and 77.4%, respectively higher in the RC₂₃₀ plots than in the CF₂₃₀ plots, 43.4% and 43.1%, respectively higher in the RC₃₄₀ plots than in the CF₃₄₀ plots, and 11.2% and 9.5%, respectively higher in the RC₄₄₀ plots than in the CF₄₄₀ plots. Combining yield and WUE, it could be concluded that the optimal rainfall upper limit for RC system is below 440 mm rainfall in the experiment. In the case of corn, the adoption of RC practice in the 230-440-mm rainfall area will make the system more attractive during the whole growth period and offer a sound opportunity for sustainable farming under semiarid climate.     

嫩江流域中下游地表水资源结构时空分布研究

通过对嫩江流域中下游地表水资源分析，初步确认，在上游加强森林水库建设，下游加强堤防林建设是减小中下游地区水患的根本途径。