稻瘟菌培养液毒力的初步研究

用稻瘟菌菌丝体培养液,经过滤、离心和灭菌后,测定对水稻种子胚根、幼苗和伤口叶片的毒性,结果表明,各小种培养液对胚根、幼苗和伤口叶片均有较强毒性,使胚根生长受抑制,幼苗叶片枯萎,叶片通过伤口吸收产生与稻瘟病相似的药斑。不同菌株培养液毒性强弱差异显著,但这种差异与其相对应孢子接种时的致病特异性无相关一致性。     

四川玉米矮花叶病毒株系及分布研究

经过3年在我省玉米主栽区采集的玉米、高梁等作物的带病标样,采用生物方法测定,证明了我省玉米病毒病的优势株系为甘蔗花叶病毒,并查明了该病毒的寄主范围。     

模糊聚类在作物遗传差异分析中的应用研究

本文就模糊聚类在植物遗传差异分析中的应用问题进行了初步探讨,并将其与常用的作物遗传聚类分析方法进行了比较。认为,在应用多个性状计算品种间的相似系数(隶属函数)前,应当将各性状构成的相关指标转换成非相关指标,再参加相似系数计算。本文以玉米和水稻为例进行了说明。     

抗收获前发芽小麦品种的初步研究

将36个普通小麦品种的完整穗卷在纸巾里做发芽试验,测定了穗发芽度和穗发芽率,并在皮氏培养皿里测定了22个品种的种子休眠性。在本研究中,腊熟期种子休眠的白粒地方品种“宜宾白麦子”最抗穗发芽。讨论了影响穗发芽的其它因素。     

Plant Yield,Antioxidant Capacity and Essential Oil Quality of Satureja Mutica Supplied with Cattle Manure and Wheat Straw in Different Plant Densities

ABSTRACT

Satureja mutica is a medicinally important plant, which may be affected by organic fertilizers and cultivation methods. To investigate the effect of cattle manure (30 ton/ha) and wheat straw (10 ton/ha) as organic fertilizers and plant density (80000, 40000, and 26666 plan ha^?1), an experiment was carried out as split plot with three replications during 2017 and 2018 on plant yield, total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), essential oil (EO) yield and composition of S. mutica in the rainfed condition. The results showed that the highest fresh weight yield (FWY) and dry weight yield (DWY) were observed in high plant density in second year. TPC in interaction of second year and cattle manure was higher than others. The greatest TFC was observed in plants supplied with interaction of second year and wheat straw. EO content and yield in plants treated with the interaction of second year and high plant density were higher compared to those in other plants. The GC/MS analysis showed that the main EO components were thymol, carvacrol, γ-terpinene and p-Cymene, representing different concentrations by using the organic fertilizers and plant densities. In summary, the use of cattle manure and high plant densities can result in higher plant production.     

拔节期施用多效唑对籼粳杂交稻的效应研究

本文研究了拔节期施用多效唑对籼粳杂交稻的株高和产量的影响。结果表明,多效唑通过降低日增高,减缓株高生长;施药后第2周的降高效应最大,以后逐渐下降;多效唑浓度越大,药效期越长。各处理主要通过缩短基部节间的长度,降低植株高度。浓度越大,降高效应越大,以400-800ppm 的降高效果较好。多效唑对产量及产量构成因素无显著影响。     

Psedomonas sp．A03处理种子防治杉木和云杉幼苗立枯病（Phizoctonia solani）

从健康杉苗根围分离抗ＲｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｓｏｌａｎｉＡＧ－４的有荧光的假单胞杆菌的分离物Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｐ．Ａ０３，在室内灭菌上和自然土条件下，用其菌悬液浸种对杉木和云杉幼苗立枯病（Ｒ．ｓｏｌａｎｉ）有明显防病效果，并能促进植物生长，并随幼根和幼茎的伸长而移动。在５℃、１５℃、２５℃条件下，Ａ０３种群在６０天内均能存活。     

中国四倍体地方小麦品种矮兰麦与中国产节节麦的双二倍体及其在育种上的利用

以四倍体的半矮秆小麦地方品种矮兰麦(Trilicum turgidum L., 2n=28,AABB)作母本与采自河南的抗穗发芽节节麦(Aegilops tauschii Cosson,2n=14,DD)杂交。杂种F_1植株经0.05％秋水仙碱处理后获得矮兰麦一节节麦双二倍体(2n=42,AABBDD)。本文报道了该双二倍体的形态、主要农艺特点、减数分裂等,并讨论了在育种上的利用问题。     

梨黑星菌接种体保存的研究

梨黑星菌接种体在低温干燥条件下保存10个月后仍有70％以上的分生孢子具有萌发力。在干燥条件下,低温有利于黑星菌接种体的保存。-18——20℃和3—5℃保存的分生孢子萌发率分别为72.43％和71.02％,而室温保存的分生孢子萌发率为0。离体接种和田间接种表明,在接种点上,低温干燥保存的梨黑星菌接种体分生孢子与新鲜孢子一样具有侵染力。而且在田间接种下,接种16天后均引起接种部位的发病。     

梅疮痂病的研究 Ⅰ 病原生物特性及药剂防治

1.对疮痂病菌(Cladosporium carpophilum)的生物学特性作了研究。其结果:(1)分生孢子荫发的最适温度为25℃;(2)分生孢子在黑暗中萌发率最高,其次是在黑光中;(3)分生孢子萌发的最适pH值为6;(4)分生孢子只能在水滴中萌发;(5)分生孢子萌发与营养条件有关。在蒸馏水中萌发率为52％,在葡萄糖液中为90％。在2％梅煎中汁中孢子萌发后芽管迅速发展成菌丝;(6)分生孢子寿命在25℃干燥的条件下为15天。 2.田间药剂防治以50％多菌灵700倍液最好,对感病品种的果实防效可达75％以上。