河北省新农村建设存在问题与对策建议

结合河北省实际情况,分析河北省新农村建设的有利条件和存在的问题,提出河北省新农村建设应以农民为主体,加强文化和制度建设,应结合经济和自然条件因地制宜、量力而为,应做好先期规划,分地区、分阶段、分层次进行,为河北省和全国其他地区的新农村建设提供决策依据。     

广西自治区弄岗保护区的保护价值和有效管理展望

弄岗保护区是我国北热带石灰岩山地石灰岩季节性雨林保护最好的区域。它不但因具有许多特有的物种而闻名于世,而且还有许多有发展前景的经济物种,有望建立一系列新兴的生物多样性产业,能为维护区域生态安全、繁荣地方经济和提高当地人民生活水平做出应有的贡献。简要地介绍它的基本情况,提出一些有效管理建议供有关方面参考。     

晋北地区降水量时空变化及突变分析

利用晋北地区18个台站1960—2008年的月降水资料,对其降水量的时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:年、夏季和秋季降水量总体上呈下降趋势;春季和冬季降水呈增加趋势。从空间分布特征来看,年和四季降水量由北向南逐渐增多。年降水量的线性趋势系数大部分台站表现为负值;而春季各站均为正值;夏季仅繁峙为正值;秋季西南部为负值,东北部为正值;冬季18个台站正负均等。采用M-K突变曲线、滑动t检验法、累积距平法三种气候突变检验方法对晋北地区降水的统计检验结果均表明,年降水在1979年发生了由多到少的一个跃变;春季在1964年附近和1991年发生由多到少的转折;夏季1996年是由多到少的一个明显转折点。     

影响魏晋南北朝园林发展的因素研究

分析了文化艺术和庄园经济两大因素对魏晋南北朝园林的影响,并在介绍魏晋南北朝园林典型实例的基础上,分析了文化艺术和庄园经济对后代园林发展的影响。     

河北省革命传统教育资源保护与开发的现状分析

河北省拥有丰富的革命传统教育资源,这些资源有利于全省的经济增长和精神文明建设。目前,河北省革命传统教育资源的保护与开发取得了一定的成效,但仍有不少亟需改善之处。就其不足提出了改善建议。     

河北省蔬菜生产对价格变动的反应研究——基于经济学的蛛网模型检验

运用西方经济学的蛛网模型理论,结合具有典型的季节性和周期性蔬菜生产特点,对河北省蔬菜生产与价格变动反应进行实证分析.结果表明,河北省蔬菜生产对价格的敏感程度低,蔬菜产业的商品化程度较高；河北省蔬菜生产对价格的反应存在滞后性,从而给蔬菜市场供求平衡带来影响.因此,要培养农民的市场经济意识和对价格变化做出即时反应的能力,引导农民调整生产结构,适应市场需求,实现河北省蔬菜产业健康发展.     

河北低平原春季不同灌溉量对小麦产量的影响趋势研究

以4个不同类型小麦品种试验为基础,研究了河北低平原区春季不同灌水量对小麦产量的影响趋势。结果表明：小麦产量与春季灌水呈二次曲线关系,即在灌水较少时产量随灌溉增加而提高,当产量提高到最大值之后,随灌溉量增加而出现滞长或降低趋势。合理的灌溉量可以提高小麦产量,但盲目增加灌溉量不仅不能增产还会增加灌溉成本和造成水资源浪费。     

1921年北洋政府整理公债述评

在银行界的提议与积极参与下,北洋政府于1921 年进行公债整理。整理之后,公债价格上涨,金融市场活跃,政府债信得到挽救,达到了预期目的,但财政收支不抵这一锢疾仍无法解决。1921 年之后,北洋政府对内筹款的主要方式由发行公债转为发行库券,银行界主动疏离政府的倾向则日益明显。整理公债在一定程度上改变了北洋政府财政筹款的方式以及银行界与政府的关系。     

Paleosols from the groups of burial mounds provide paleoclimatic records of centennial to intercentennial time scale: A case study from the Early Alan cemeteries in the Northern Caucasus (Russia)

Buried soil chronosequences under a series of Early Alan kurgans (burial mounds) in the Vladikavkazkaya depression of the Northern Caucasus, Russia, were studied to derive a high-resolution paleoclimatic record from the variations of the selected paleosol properties. Haplic Chernozems occur under kurgans and on the actual land surface. Three kurgan cemeteries, Brut 1, Brut 2 and Beslan, dated from the end of the second to the beginning of the seventh centuries AD have been studied. The cemeteries are situated close to each other under similar lithological and geomorphological conditions but differed in the paleosols' preservation. The Brut 2 site has been recently altered due to annual ploughing and intensive irrigation for more than 30 years. The background soils and paleosols of the Brut 2 site have been compared with synchronous soils of non-irrigated Brut 1 and Beslan sites to detect pedogenic properties that are less changed by irrigation and thus comprise the “soil memory”. Stronger black color of humus horizon, increase of humus content and decrease of humus δ¹³C values; clear signs of biological activity, absence of morphological and analytical signs of solonetz properties; diffused carbonate white soft spots in the Bca horizon and decreasing carbonate content are thought to be related to the comparatively humid climatic conditions in the region. On the contrary, relatively low humus content, tongue-like lower boundary of humus horizon, increase of humus δ¹³C values, morphological signs of solonetz properties together with high content of exchangeable Na, relatively large and clearly shaped carbonate white soft spots in the paleosols of the Brut 2 site, as well as increase of density, thickness of the carbonate pseudomicellium and high carbonate content in the upper part of profiles in the paleosols of the non-irrigated Brut 1 site are assumed to be xeromorphic features, indicating comparatively drier climatic conditions. The paleosols of the earliest chronointerval of burial (the end of the second to the beginning of the third centuries AD) demonstrate clear xeromorphic properties which indicate a relatively dry climate with a mean annual precipitation 50–100 mm less than today. The estimated duration of the period with such climatic conditions is thought to be not less than 100 years. In addition, those paleosols have some weak signs of humid conditions indicating that between the end of the first and the middle of the second centuries AD the climate was getting more moist, mean annual precipitation became equal or slightly higher than today. The paleosols buried in the first half of the fifth century AD again demonstrate the gradual enhancement of xeromorphic properties reflecting the next stage of droughts. Thus, the period with favourable humid climate when the Early Alan culture flourished in the Northern Caucasus was relatively short (about 400 years). Studying the detailed chronosequence in the non-irrigated Brut 1 site the records of intercentennial time scale soil properties variability produced by comparatively “fast” pedogenic processes typical for the steppe zone i.e., humus formation and accumulation, bioturbation, carbonate accumulation and transformation and solonetzization, have been provided.     

河北土壤锌的含量分布消长规律与利用分区

河北省土壤全锌平均73ppm,低于全国平均值(100ppm),高于世界平均值(50ppm).土壤有效锌平均0.53ppm,全省78.8%的耕地土壤有效锌低于临界缺乏值0.50ppm.微量元素锌是横亘在河北省农林牧业生产面前的潜在障碍因子.本文讨论了成土母质、土壤机械组成、土壤有机质、土壤碳酸钙、土壤有效磷以及水热条件对土壤有效锌消长与分布的影响,确定了它们之间的统计学数量关系.编制了土壤有效锌分布图.根据锌肥的经济效益拟定了土壤有效锌利用分区.