地域文化的写照--董永公园解读

以武汉董永公园为例,探讨了以地域文化为主题的公园的规划布局特点,以及在景观设计中如何体现出的地方文化内涵的设计手法,通过对董永公园的绿色人文、历史文化及孝文化的解读,挖掘孝感地域文化特色。     

Structural and Biometric Characterization of Nothofagus betuloides Production Forests in the Magellan Region,Chile

Summary

This study, in die Chilean Magellan Region, undertook the structural and biométrie characterization of Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Blume (coihue de Magallanes) production forests to provide information for sustainable forest management. Six locations were surveyed, five on the continent and one on Tierra del Fuego Island. A total of 6,102 ha were photointerpreted and then checked and described in the field according to their location, environmental characteristic, and vegetation type. The degree of disturbance, stage of development, status of regeneration, and composition and cover of the understory were also described. From the surveyed locations, a total of 3,807 ha were production forests of which a 76% area had Nothofagus pumilio (lenga) and N. betuloides mixed forests. The remaining areas (24%) were pure N. betuloides forests. Nondisturbed, old-growth forests covered 47% of the surveyed area. The remaining area (53%) had some disturbance. In the nondisturbed forests, mean volume stocks were 438 m³ ha^-1, and in disturbed forests, mean volume stocks were 316 m³ ha^-1.     

Analysis on the Disposal of the Industrial Solid Waste in the Three Gorges Region

The second step of water storage for Three Gorges Reservoir will be executed in Jue,2003. Because there is still a large quantity of industrial solid waste(ISW) dumped on the reservoir bottom where should be cleaned before water storage and wastes should be disposed. After a full investigation and analyze, the total amount of ISW in the Chongqing reservoir area is about 1.66 million tons. According the principles of safe, economical and reliable, this paper describes the ISW's treatment. The ordinary ISW which is harmless and non toxic after identification should be treated on-site, the ISW that exceeds the national standards should be removed and be disposed in the landfill, and the hazardous waste should be removed for disposition or storage.     

红三角区域农产品虚拟水的比较研究

以虚拟水计算方法为基础,对南方地区红三角区域2000年的农产品虚拟水进行了比较研究,并对区域农产品的结构调整及水资源利用进行了探讨。结果表明,在不降低人均水资源消费需求的情况下,水资源较丰富的地区可通过农产品虚拟水贸易方式,更好地发挥区域性水资源优势,并引导人们改变其生产结构与消费模式,主动开发和生产有效益的水资源密集型农产品;通过农产品虚拟水战略,在更大区域范围内缓解水资源紧缺地区的水资源压力,创新水资源管理机制。     

退耕和禁牧影响下宁夏原州区畜牧经济的灰色关联分析

分析了原州区退耕和禁牧前后近10 a畜牧业的发展情况和农民收益及牧业收入情况。对比发现,畜牧业收入的增幅高于农民纯收入的增幅,原州区畜牧业在农业总产值中的比重不断上升,在促进农民增收和国民经济增长中的作用不断增强。应用灰色关联度分析的结果进一步表明,饲料、人工、资金、技术投入的增多,以及政策的扶持使该区畜牧经济影响因子的关联度出现了较大变动。     

长江三峡库区土壤动物群落结构初步研究

于长江三峡大坝工程开工前的1998年,对三峡库区几个地点（秭归、万县、神农架）不同海拔和生境下的土壤动物群落进行了调查研究.研究表明,整个地区不同生境中土壤动物的优势类群为线虫;常见类群有螨、弹尾目、线蚓、熊虫和猛水蚤目等;同一地点不同植被下,土壤动物类群之间存在着一定的相似性和差异.相关性检验表明：土壤节肢动物类群数与个体数之间的相关性受海拔、植被影响不大.研究还发现,生境条件（海拔、植被类型等）越优越,土壤动物的多样性指数越高.不同群落相似性比较显示,海拔相同、植被相近的群落相似性指数高.对线虫、螨类和弹尾目的数量差异分析表明,秭归地区三个类群受植被、海拔影响不大;万县地区海拔对蜱螨、弹尾目影响较大;神农架地区线虫分布受植被影响较大,螨类和弹尾目在不同植被和土层广布,而该地区枯枝落叶层中螨类数量随植被、海拔变化显著.     

川中丘陵区城墙岩群和蓬莱镇组紫色岩上土壤性质研究

采用野外调查、取样和室内实验分析相结合的方法,研究了川中丘陵区白垩系城墙岩群(K1cg)和侏罗系蓬莱镇组(J3p)两种紫色母岩上土壤理化性质特征和差异,结果表明:两种紫色岩母质发育的土壤粘粒含量低,而砂粒含量高;土壤有机质和氮素含量低,而矿质养分含量丰富;在相同的地形部位上,J3p发育的土壤粘粒、全钾、速效钾和速效磷含量高于K1cg发育的土壤,而K1cg发育的土壤pH和土壤全磷均高于J3p发育的土壤,两种紫色岩母质形成的土壤有机质和氮素差异不明显。从丘顶到丘脚,土层逐渐增厚,土壤粘粒含量逐渐递增,砂粒含量逐渐递减;土壤有机质及各种矿质养分含量均呈递增趋势。     

黄淮海平原地区夏玉米农田土壤呼吸的动态研究

本文通过对黄淮海平原地区玉米生长季土壤呼吸的测定表明:该地区土壤呼吸日变化呈现单峰曲线;土壤呼吸季节变化大体呈现随温度变化的趋势,最大值出现在8月10日左右;土壤呼吸受5cm地温的影响最大,达到极显著水平。施有机肥对土壤呼吸影响较大,氮磷配施也增加了土壤呼吸量,免耕比耕翻有较少的土壤呼吸量。运用DNDC模型模拟土壤呼吸变化趋势和土壤呼吸变化通量均与田间实测的比较接近,可以用来模拟分析黄淮海平原地区农业土壤碳氮的循环。     

地方性知识与民族地区生态的可持续发展

指出了地方性知识由于其独特的作用在民族地区生态的可持续发展方面扮演着重要角色,是解决民族地区生态与发展问题的手段之一。通过对民族地区地方性知识在生态保护上的独特优势进行分析,提出了挖掘地方性知识,发挥其生态保护作用的措施。     

转变经营机制 拓宽产业领域 做大做强县域林业经济

以吉林省蛟河市林业局为例,论述了地方林业局要做大做强县域经济,必须深化改革,转变现有体制机制,才能激发产业发展的活力和动力,从而发挥林业多种资源、多种功能的巨大潜力,使林业经济持续健康发展。