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31.
The re-emergence of indigenous forest in an urban environment, Christchurch, New Zealand 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Glenn H. Stewart Maria E. Ignatieva Colin D. Meurk Richard D. Earl 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2004,2(3):149-158
Christchurch, the second largest city in New Zealand is a planned city on a coastal plain on the east coast of the South Island. The birth of the city and the subsequent century of development was characterised by colonial values and tree and garden planting with familiar European species along with those from Australia, North America, and eventually all other continents. The image of an “English garden city” with classical parks of oaks and willow-lined rivers became the accepted norm and the way in which the city has been promoted to potential tourists. Gardening is one of the top two recreational activities and exotic species greatly outnumber native species in the flora and in gardens. This has had serious consequences for the highly fragmented and degraded indigenous vegetation and its co-adapted wildlife. A few hardy indigenous species continued to regenerate through this period, but since the 1970s, there has been a progressive change of attitude and interest in reclaiming the natural heritage of the city, manifest in widespread private and public planting of indigenous species and active habitat restoration. In this article we examine the indigenous and exotic shrub and tree components of the Christchurch flora as planted street trees, in domestic gardens, and in parks. We also present data on shrub and tree regeneration in parks and domestic gardens in the city. Indications are that the more sensitive, less intrusive management of urban environments, combined with the greater density of indigenous seed sources, has allowed regeneration of a wide range of indigenous species across a broad spectrum of habitats – from neglected gardens to pavement cracks to exotic plantations. This is despite the competition from the prodigious seed banks and density of exotic trees, shrubs, and ground covers and albeit minimal impacts of introduced browsing and seed eating mammals. If the present trends continue through appropriate management and facilitation, these tentative signs of native forest regeneration should eventually proliferate into a sustainable mixed origin urban forest that resurrects and preserves the natural character of the region. 相似文献
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枯草芽胞杆菌与氟环唑联用对禾谷镰孢霉的增效作用机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为验证枯草芽胞杆菌与氟环唑联用对禾谷镰孢霉的增效作用,用平板倒扣法和固体平板扩散法—打孔法测定菌药联用后枯草芽胞杆菌挥发性物质、抗真菌蛋白对禾谷镰孢霉的抑菌活性,观察抗真菌蛋白对禾谷镰孢霉菌丝形态的影响,并用刚果红染色法测定菌药联用后枯草芽胞杆菌纤维素酶活性。结果表明:菌药联用对禾谷镰孢霉的最高抑菌活性可达74.44%,表现增效和持效作用;枯草芽胞杆菌挥发性物质和抗真菌蛋白分别与氟环唑联用均可增强禾谷镰孢霉抑菌活性;菌药联用后枯草芽胞杆菌纤维素酶活性提高。研究表明枯草芽胞杆菌与氟环唑联用的增效机制是增强枯草芽胞杆菌挥发性物质对禾谷镰孢霉的抑菌活性,抗真菌蛋白活性的提高加强了禾谷镰孢霉菌丝溶解的程度,纤维素酶活性的增强提高了禾谷镰孢霉空间竞争作用和生物防治潜能。 相似文献
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CASE HISTORY: Three weanling Thoroughbred fillies were presented during autumn with depression, muscle rigidity and, in one case, colic symptoms and cardiovascular shock.CLINICAL FINDINGS: All fillies had abnormal physical examinations that included elevated heart rates and respiratory rates coupled with muscle rigidity through the back and rump. Biochemistry revealed markedly elevated creatinine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase which indicated a myopathy.DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT: All three horses were diagnosed with presumptive equine atypical myopathy. The horses received supportive therapy as per the literature available at the time regarding this condition; two responded to supportive therapy and survived, and one was euthanased due to a rapid deterioration in clinical status.PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Following post mortem of one case, histology of the trapezius muscle demonstrated an acute, severe myofibre degeneration.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Atypical myopathy and a very similar disorder termed seasonal pasture myopathy in North America are potentially fatal, pasture-related syndromes that have been described in Europe and America but have not been previously described in New Zealand. This report describes three presumptive cases of this unique syndrome in New Zealand for the first time; it outlines the characteristics of the condition; and includes recently published information regarding diagnosis and treatment. 相似文献
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社会主义新农村建设是一项复杂的系统工程,应该从整体上认识新农村建设,避免在认识上走入误区,建设中要充分发挥农民的主动性和创造性,始终抓住发展农村生产力这个根本,把握培育新型农民这个关键,同时发挥政府的主导作用和全社会的共同参与作用. 相似文献
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