浅谈内蒙古大兴安岭林区一期天保工程实施效果

文章对内蒙古大兴安岭林区一期天保工程实施效果进行了分析、评价,剖析了其存在的主要问题,并对今后经营提出了相应的建议。     

自然低温胁迫下3种桉树的叶绿素荧光特性研究

对临安市3种桉树幼苗叶片叶绿素荧光特性进行研究,结果表明,自然低温下,各桉树表现出不同的适应性,总的来说,邓桉>柳桉>巨桉;自然低温(日最低气温-3.6℃)对柳桉和巨桉造成较大损害,而邓桉可通过维持相对较高的光化学效率,以及利用不断增加的qN来进行耗散,具有较强的抵抗低温胁迫伤害的能力。     

Associations of fish with various types of littoral habitats in reservoirs

Fish associations with different types of littoral habitats were studied in four canyon‐shaped reservoirs in the Czech Republic in years 2010 and 2011 by gillnets. Two to three habitats per reservoir–beaches (former meadows), stump fields (former forest) and rubble slopes–were defined and sampled along the longitudinal axis of reservoirs. Effects of reservoir, habitat and locality (position along longitudinal axis) on fish biomass, abundance and species structure were tested for juvenile and adult fish separately. Hierarchical analysis of variance revealed that habitats differed significantly in fish biomass and abundance. Redundancy analysis showed that analysed environmental variables had significant influence on fish community structure. Most variability in community structure was explained by reservoir and then by combination of habitat and slope steepness. Locality position had the smallest influence on community structure. For both adult and juvenile fish total abundance and biomass, the most inhabited habitat was beaches; rubble slopes were the least inhabited. Habitat associations differed among species. Among adults, bream Abramis brama, white bream Blicca bjoerkna and roach Rutilus rutilus were associated with beaches and stump fields, whereas perch Perca fluviatilis, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus, asp Aspius aspius and pike Esox lucius were associated with rubble slopes. Bream, white bream, bleak Alburnus alburnus, roach, ruffe and pikeperch Sander lucioperca were associated with beaches among juveniles, whereas the only juvenile associated with rubble slopes was perch. We showed that most common species are associated with distinct habitats and also that utilisation of various littoral habitats differs in general.     

基于LEED-ND认证的绿色社区开发策略分析--以上海城市最佳实践区为例

指出了中国正处在快速城市化的阶段,绿色社区开发已成为广泛关注的议题。以上海城市最佳实践区为例,通过对LEED-ND认证指标体系的分析,探讨了在LEED-ND认证体系驱动下,城市最佳实践区在场地规划、建筑节能、可再生能源和水资源利用等方面采取的开发策略和应用的绿色技术,以期为未来绿色社区的开发建设提供参考。     

论信阳民间艺术的传承与保护及旅游开发模式

本文在对信阳民间艺术文化资源梳理的基础上,探讨了目前信阳民间艺术文化传承与保护中存在的问题,进而提出相关对策。     

浅谈大兴区社区蔬菜技术服务

为提升社区居民的生活满意度,进一步探索阳台蔬菜管理技术、种植品种和管理模式,大兴区蔬菜技术推广站开展了基层调研、专业方案设计、观摩培训等社区蔬菜技术服务工作,并取得了较好的效果:服务范围不断扩大、栽培设备及配套技术逐渐完善、社区氛围良好等;并对发展前景进行了展望:未来将会向省空间、智能化、低碳化的多功能蔬菜种植模式发展。     

天然更新伯乐树的生长过程初步分析

解析1株天然林中148年生伯乐树倒木树干，表明其树高连年生长量在65年生时达到最大值，和树高年平均生长量曲线相交于80年生时；胸径连年生长量在70年生时达到最大值，与胸径年平均生长量相交于95-100年生时；而材积连年生长量的最大值出现在80年生时，与材积年平均生长量于135-140年间相交，此时可以认为是伯乐树的材积数量成熟年龄。     

中草药免疫活性物质对鱼类肠道菌群群落的影响研究进展

对近年来国内外有关中草药免疫活性物质对鱼类肠道菌群群落结构的影响进行了综述,旨在为开发绿色高效、营养全面的饲料提供科学的理论依据。     

Effect of the particle size on the ammonia removal rate and the bacterial community composition of bioflocs

The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removal efficiency and bacterial community composition of bioflocs with <50-μm particle size, > 50-μm particle size and un-sieved bioflocs were investigated in the current study. The initial ratio of dissolved organic carbon to TAN (DOC/TAN) in the three groups were about 14:1. No significant difference was found in the removal rate of TAN, average concentrations of TAN and nitrite nitrogen among the three groups (P > 0.05). The C/N (w/w) ratio of the > 50-μm bioflocs was significantly higher than those of the other groups. No significant differences were found in the crude protein content in the bioflocs among the three groups. The development of the bacterial community compositions of the bioflocs was analyzed by Illumina MiSeq sequencing analyses. Most OTUs were shared among the three groups at all the sampled time points. With the increase in the relative abundance of phylum Firmicutes, that of phylum Proteobacteria, Chorolexi, and Bacteroidetes decreased in all the three groups. The phylum Firmicutes and genus Bacillus were predominant in all the sampled time points. At the end of the experiment, genus Bacillus accounted for 81% in the < 50-μm group, 82% in the > 50-μm group, and 75% in the un-sieved group.     

Indicators and trade-offs of ecosystem services in agricultural soils along a landscape heterogeneity gradient

Soil functions can be classified as supporting (nutrient cycling) and provisioning (crop production) ecosystem services (ES). These services consist of multiple and dynamic functions and are typically assessed using indicators, e.g. microbial biomass as an indicator of supporting services. Agricultural intensification negatively affects indicators of soil functions and is therefore considered to deplete soil ES. It has been suggested that incorporating leys into crop rotations can enhance soil ES. We examined this by comparing indicators of supporting soil services – organic carbon, nitrogen, water holding capacity and available phosphorous (carbon storage and nutrient retention); net nitrogen mineralisation rate and microbial biomass (nutrient cycling and retention) – in barley fields, leys and permanent pastures along a landscape heterogeneity gradient (100, 500 and 1000 m radii). In addition, barley yields (provisioning service) were analysed against these indicators to identify trade-offs among soil services. Levels of most indicators did not differ between barley and ley fields and were consistently lower than in permanent pastures. Leys supported greater microbial biomass than barley fields. Landscape heterogeneity had no effect on the indicators or microbial community composition. However, landscape heterogeneity correlated negatively with yield and soil pH, suggesting that soils in heterogeneous landscapes are less fertile and therefore have lower yields. No trade-offs were found between increasing barley yield and the soil indicators. The results suggest that soil ES are determined at the field level, with little influence from the surrounding landscape, and that greater crop yields do not necessarily come at the expense of supporting soil services.